Biography of Daniil Kharms for children. Danilo Kharms. Short biography of Kharms. Kharms biography
Danilo Kharms (Danilo Ivanovich Yuvachov) was born on 30 (according to the old style - 17) of the month of 1905. Yogo Batko - Ivan Pavlovich Yuvachov bv the people's wine lot. For the fate of the People's Volunteer Territory Vin (the same naval officer) buv at 1883 p. I was convicted and tried several years in solitary confinement, and then more than ten years in penal servitude. Mati Kharmsa was in charge of a shed for a lot of convicts at St. Petersburg.
Harms studied at the St. Petersburg German school (Petershuli), de-learned the basic knowledge of German and English language. In 1924 Vіn enters the Leningrad Electrotechnical College, zvіdki through rіk bv switching off for "weak input" and "inactivity in hromada robots". In such a rank, neither above nor average special education did the writer succeed. Alevin was actively engaged in self-enlightenment, especially indulging in philosophy and psychology. Vignatkovo is alive with literary earnings. Since 1924, they begin to call themselves Kharms. Tse buv is the main yogo of numerical aliases; scho vіdbuvavsya, it's possible, and in the form of the French "charm" (charm, charіvnіst), and zazhav in the form of the English "harm" (shkoda, misfortune); Vіn dosit exactly in dobrobrazhav sutnіst stavlennija pisnik to life and creativity: Kharms was able to travest the most serious speeches and know even more sad moments in oneself, it would seem b, comedy. The same ambivalence of the bula is also characteristic of its specialty: orientation on the gro, on the joyful rally, they shared with an hour of sick distrust, with an uplift in the fact that wines bring misfortune to those whom you love.
Have 1925 r. Kharms gets to know the young Esther Rusakova and makes friends with her without a hitch. The novel and the shirt were foldable and more comfortable for both sides - right up to the separation in 1932. Keep all your life in memory of Esther and respect all women with her, with whom the stars share.
Have 1925 r. Kharms uvіyshov among a small group of Leningrad poets, like Oleksandr Tufanov, they called themselves “reasons”. Here we see acquaintance and friendship with Oleksandr Vvedensky. In 1926 stench at the same time from the young philosophers Leonid Lipavsky and Yakov Druskin establish a united "plane tree". Approximately at the same time Kharms and Vvedensky boulevards were accepted in Leningrad as a branch of the All-Russian Union of Poets. In the collections of the Union, the stench of the Union has two of its own verses, as if they were deprived of the only “grown-up” creations, as they were judged to be punished. The main form of activity of "chinariv" is to speak from the readings of one's own verses at clubs, VNZ, literary groups; they ended up stinking with scandals.
Kharms takes a part in various current associations, initiating their creation. Have 1927 r. The culprit of the Association of Real Art (OBERIU), where, the Crimea of Kharms and Vvedensky, included Mykola Zabolotsky, Kostyantyn Vaginov, Igor Bakhterev, who also joined them Mykola Oliynikov, who became a close friend of Kharms.
The single evening of OBERIU on September 24, 1928, becoming a deakim benefit of Kharms: the first one was read verses, and in another bula, the yoga song “Elizaveta Bam” was staged (it’s rich in what it says to the European theater of the absurd). Sharply negative reviews in the press indicated the impossibility of such evenings, now they could perform small programs. Nareshti, one of their speeches at the LDU schoolgirl called for a new ring in the counter-revolutionary. In 1930 OBERIU pinned its foundation, and for example, 1931. Kharms and Vvedensky were arrested. Virok, vtim, buv porivnya m'yakim - sent to Kursk;
More reminders, born in 1927 Oliynikov and Boris Zhitkov organize the "Association of Writers in Children's Literature" and ask Kharms for it. From 1928 to 1941 he regularly writes in children's magazines "Jzhak", "Chizh", "Tsvirkun", "Zhovtyani", he publishes about 20 children's books. Vershі that prose for children and give their own way of yoga and game elements, but they wrote stink only for earnings that the author didn’t put pressure on him. The official party criticism placed before them was unambiguously negative.
After sending messages about yaky publications, about yaky speeches, the mov could no longer be. It was necessary for those, it was necessary to take their creativity from third parties. Therefore, the splintering of many oberuiuts and people close to them now took place in apartments. Kharms, Vvedensky, Lipavsky, Druskin, Zabolotsky, Oliynikov, conducted discussions on literary, philosophical and other topics. The activity of this group was three times a sprig of rocks. Ale in 1936 having made friends with the Kharkivyanka and went to her Vvedensky, in 1937. buv zareshtovany i nezabar razstrіlyany Olіynikov.
"Grown up" create Kharms is now written exclusively "in style". Poetry is changing prose; In the 30s. vinikaє pragnennya great form. First of all, you can consider the cycle “Vypadki” - thirty small descriptions and scenes, like Kharms roztashuvav in singing order, rewriting in okremium zoshit ta dedicating his other squad Marina Malich (on the same wine he became friends in 1935). Have 1939 r. z'yavlyaetsya friend is great rіch - the story "Stara". There are about a dozen reports written in 1940–1941.
Until the end of the 30s, the hoop around Kharms was squeezed. Daedalus is less able to make friends with children's magazines. The last thing that became a real hunger. The tragedy of the writings of the writer during the period swells up to the appearance of new hopelessness, new stupidity of reason. A similar evolution will take place and Kharmsovsky humor: from the lung, the ironic troch - to black.
The cob of warfare and the first bombardment of Leningrad made Kharms almost feel the nearness of a damp death. Torishny sickle 1941 Vіn buv arrests for "amazing speeches". For a long time, nobody knew anything about yoga, a distant share, less than a fierce 1942 p. Marina Malich told about the death of a man. Thought about yoga, the rest of the days are super lucid. Dehto vvazha, scho Kharms, threatening to shoot him, simulating mental discord and directions to the prison psychiatric hospital, de and died the first besieged Leningrad winter. There is also information that Kharms, not long before his arrest, was diagnosing schizophrenia, that is why the hospital for primus likuvannya was located in the premises. Unbeknownst to me, de vin died - near Leningrad and Novosibirsk. Date of death - February 2, 1942.
The manuscripts of Kharms were saved by his friend Josip Druskin; Vіn having taken their uzimka 1942 from the spoiled stone of the writer. Not separated from the circle of the valіzkoy nі in evacuation, not after turning to Leningrad, close to twenty rokіv not sticking together, taking hope for a miracle - the turn of the ruler. And only if hope was gone, having begun to sort out the papers of a deceased friend.
In Danil Kharms, there are verses, yaki richly, who are called prophets:From home viyshov cholovik
With a motuzka and a bear
І on a distant road, І on a distant road
Breaking pishki.
Vіn іshov i marveling ahead,
And marveling ahead,
Not sleeping, not drinking,
Not sleeping, not drinking,
Not sleeping, not drinking, not їv.
І axis of one wound
Uvіyshov vin at the dark forest
From that hour, from that hour,
From that hour I knew...
How to do yoga here
Bring you wisdom
Todі shvidshe, todi shvidshe,
Tell us soon.Twenty-five years after the death of Kharms, I appreciated the wide reading. It began to be a friend of the people, as it continues today.
Danilo Ivanovich Kharms, the right name of the Yuvachs, was born on 30 March (17 March according to the old style), 1905 near St. Petersburg. Yogo dad was a naval officer. In 1883, roci for participation in the People's Volunteer Territory were dragged to court, spent more than ten lives in solitary confinement and more than ten lives in penal servitude, de surviving a religious brutality: a series of memoirs "Visim Rocks on Sakhalin" (1901) and "Shlіburgssel" (1901) 1907) and published mystical treatises "Middle world and monastery" (1903), "Mystery of the Kingdom of Heaven" (1910).
Mati Kharmsa was a small noblewoman, she managed in the 1900s an apron for many convicts near St. Petersburg.
After the revolution, she became a castellan at the Barachniy Likarni named after S.P. Botkin, father worked as a senior auditor of the Sovereign Savings Casses, and later as the head of the Rakhunkov departments of the working committee at the daily life of the Volkhov HPP.
In 1915-1918, Danilo began studying at the privileged Head German School of St. Peter near Petrograd (Petrishuli).
In 1922-1924 - at the 2nd Children's Village Unified Labor School, the large gymnasium in Tsarskoe Selo, de director of that speaker of Russian literature, Natalia Kolyubakina.
In 1924-1926, having been trained at the First Leningrad Electrotechnical School, he received awards for "weak performance and inactivity in community robots."
On the cob of the 1920s, Danilo Yuvachov formed his own pseudonym "Kharms", which step by step the flooring "priris" to a new one, which turned into a part of the nickname.
In the 1930s, when all the citizens of Radyansk saw their passports, they added a part to their name through a hyphen, then "Yuvachev-Kharms" also appeared.
The pseudonym "Kharms" is taken by others as "enchantment", "chari" (like the French charm), like "Skoda" and "bad luck" (like the English harm) and like "enchantment". Krіm of the main pseudonym Danilo has become more or less 30 pseudonyms - Charms, Harmonius, Shardam, Dandan, as well as Ivan Toporishkin, Karl Ivanovich Shusterling and others.
Vіrshi vіn having begun to write at school for an hour, later having made poetry his main profession.
Nayranishe z vіrshiv Kharms, who were saved, "At the linden it is like our summer ..." dates back to 1922.
Oleksandr Tufanov, the prodovzhuvach Velimira Khlebnikova, the author of the book "Before Zaumі", having fallen asleep at the birch tree of 1925, sings the Order of Zaumniks, into the core of which Kharms himself, who took the title "Vzzr Zaumі".
Friendship with the poet Oleksandr Vvedensky, at the same time in 1926 Kharms created the "School of plane trees" - chamber singing, kudi, krim of two poets, philosophers Yakiv Druskin, Leonid Lipavsky sings a child's magazine, "sings a child's magazine" in 1926. The main form of activity of the "plane trees" was the speech from the readings of their own verses.
In 1926, Kharms' opus "Vypadok na zalіznitsi" was published in the selection of opiates, in 1927, the "Virsh of Peter Yashkin" op.
In 1928, Kharms became a member of the literary group of the Association of Real Art (OBERIU), which included the poets Oleksandr Vvedensky, Mykola Zabolotsky and others, who victoriously played alogism, absurdity, and the grotesque. At the organized joint evening "Three Lviv Years", the performance of Kharms' song "Elizaveta Bam" became the highlight of the program.
Why did the writer Samuil Marshak get Kharms to work at the Leningrad branch of child literature "Detgiz". The press published "Ivan Ivanovich Samovar" (1928), "Ivan Toporishkin" (1928), "About those who shot me like a thora" (1929), "Merry siskins" (co-authored with Marshak, 1929), "Million "(1930)," Nonsense "(1930) and others. The verses of Kharms were 11 okremi vidanni.
In 1931, the birth of Kharms, together with the other practitioners of the Leningrad child sector, witnessed arrests for suspicion in anti-radian activity, and sentenced them to imprisonment for three fates, which was replaced in 1932 by orders from Kursk, kudi yoga. In 1932, Ioma turned away to Leningrad, de vin continued writing in the journals "Zhak" and "Chizh", publishing a translation of the novel by the German poet Wilhelm Bush "Plіkh i Plyukh".
In 1934, Kharms received a number of acceptances to the Spilka of Writers of the SRSR. At the same time, roci vin rozpochav work on the philosophical treatise "Isnuvannya", which was not completed.
In the birch of 1937, in the magazine "Chizh" was published the verse "From the house a person left the house", which tells about those, like a person from the SRSR went out of the house and without a trace. After that Kharms, they stopped arguing with childish widows. At the same time, roci vin rozpochav creation of the prose cycle "Vipadki".
Naprikintsі grass - on the cob of worms 1939 rock Kharms wrote the story "Stara", as a rich successor vvazhayut the head of the writer's creativity.
In the autumn of 1939, Kharms feigned mental illness, lying at the neuro-psychiatric dispensary of the Vasileostrovsky district in Veresni-Zhovtnі, and was diagnosed with schizophrenia.
In the spring of 1940, he wrote the eponymous "Litsari", "Mishin's Peremoga", "Lektsiya", "Pashkvil", "Pereshkoda", "Vpadannya", at the spring - the rozpovid "Vlad", later - the rozpovid "On the lizhka rushed about the young prosorium ... ".
In 1941, after 1937, two children's books were published with the participation of Kharms.
The remainder of Kharms's works, which did not last long, was the dissertation "Rehabilitation", written in black in 1941.
On September 23, 1941, Harms' fate was arrested, ringed in anti-radian activity. In the middle of the chest, Bulo was transferred to the psychiatric department of the prison clinic at the Khresty.
On February 2, 1942, Danilo Kharms died in the besieged Leningrad as a slave. Im'ya yogo was recreated from the Radian literature.
In 1960, Kharms' sister Elizaveta Gritsina turned to the Prosecutor General of the SRSR from looking at her brother's right. On April 25, 1960, Kharms was declared innocent by a decree of the Leningrad Prosecutor's Office, and rightly closed for a day's worth of malice, and the guilt of rehabilitation.
In the SRSR, a collection of yoga children's songs "Gra" (1962) was seen. Since 1978, the FRN published a selection of works. Until the mid-1990s, Kharms occupied the position of one of the leading representatives of Russian artistic literature of the 1920-1930s, who opposed the Radian literature.
The first three-volume collection of works by Danil Kharms appeared in Russia in the 2010s.
Danilo Kharms bov dvіchi odruzheny. The first team - Ester Rusakova, the daughter of a huge polytemist, after being separated from a writer in 1937, was arrested at once with her own family, sentenced to five years of camps and died in Magadan.
Kharms's other squad, Marina Malich, was like the Goltsin family, after the death of a person, she was evacuated from the besieged Leningrad to P'yatigorsk, the stars were stolen by the Germans on the primus robots to Nimechchin. Їy far away to spend as far as France, later Marina emigruvala to Venezuela. For її pogady, literary scholar Volodymyr Glotser wrote the book "Marina Durnovo: My man Danilo Kharms".
Material of preparations on the basis of RIA information
Reference name - Yuvachov Danilo Ivanovich. Born on 17 (30) December 1905 in St. Petersburg, he died on February 2, 1942 in Leningrad. The Russian writer sings.
Your main pseudonym "Danilo Kharms" Danilo came up with school rock (around 1921-1922). Tsim pseudonym Vіn spochatku podpisuvav shkіlnі zoshiti. Pіznіshe pseudonym becoming an official name (apparently, scho Kharms having signed a letter at the passport with an olive Yuvachov-Kharms, and then legitimizing our pseudonym - Kharms).
schodo trip pseudonym doslidniki srechayutsya dosі. A lot of literary scholars have repeatedly tried to decipher in their own way pseudonym a writer, hanging impersonal versions of yoga, knowledgeable turns in English, German, French language, Hebrew, Sanskrit. (For example, deyakі call yoga false apparition "Harms" to the French "charme" - "charm, charm", deyaki to the English "harm" - "Skoda").
Ale is the widest version that pseudonym inspired by the love of Conan Doyle and the names of Sherlock Holmes, shards of Holmes and Kharms- Calls of sound. So, the drive for this version was the memoirists’ guessing of the description of Kharms’s manner of dressing like a “dandy of London”. On a few photographs, Kharms you can easily recognize behind a non-proprietary pipe and style clothes (when wearing short sir knee socks, sir panchokhas and a large sir cap).
Crimea main pseudonym Danilo Kharms more than 40 pseudonyms(exact number unknown): DCH, Daniel Charms, Daniel, Danilo Zatochnik (Kharms), Danilo Kharms, Danilo Kharms School of chinrіv Vzir Zaumі, School of Chinari Vzir Zaumі Danilo Kharms, D. Kh., Chinar Danilo Ivanovich Kharms, D. Kharms, D. I. Kharms, D. Basch, Danilo Horms, Danilo Kharms, Khkhojrms, Daniel Haarms Danilo Protoplast, Dan. Kharms, (Yaroneya), Kharms, Danilo Dandan, Dan. Kharms, (Yaroneya), Kharms, Danilo Dandan, Dandan, Danilo Ivanovich Kharms, D. Kharms-Shardam, Danilo Shardam, Shardam, Danilo Kharms-Shardam, Vanya Mokhov, Karl Ivanovich Shusterling, Charms, Danilo Charms, Harmonius; Vira, Nadiya, Lyubov, Sofia; Haarms, D., Danilo, Danilo Ivanovich Dukon- Kharms, A. Sushko, Kovpakov's Letter, et al.
The reason for such frequent name changes Kharms explaining simply. Vіn vvazhav, scho nezminne іm'ya bring misfortune. About tse note the upcoming schodennikovy record Kharms dated December 23, 1936: “Afterward, having told me that while I will be Kharms, I need to be reconsidered.” I want to escape misfortune, Kharms will take my own new ones pseudonym. The greater part of them is established in the first place pseudonym. For example: Danilo Ivanovich Kharms, D. Kharms, D. I. Harms, Danilo Horms, Danilo Khharms, Khkhojrms, Daniel Haarms, Danilo Haarms, DCH, Daniel Charms, Daniel, DaNil Kharms that in.
Taki pseudonyms Danilo Kharms Kharms, Chinar Danilo Ivanovich Kharms Kharms confirm your affiliation to a new one and the same "tech".
Pseudonyms Shardam Kharms-Shardam, Danilo Shardam, Shardam, Danilo Harms-Shardam sounding from Sherlock Holmes.
Pseudonyms Vanya Mokhov, Karl Ivanovich Shusterling, Kolpakov's Pismennik, A. Sushko, D. Bash - these are the so-called "children" of Kharms' pseudonyms, as they are distinguished by a special "voluntariness" in their enlightenment.
Nickname“Vira, Nadiya, Lyubov, Sophia” - Christian turner “faith - hope - kohannya” of additions to “sophia”, tobto. wisdom.
born D. Harms in Petersburg, with yakim, all of life is tied up. Here I started, here I began to write first poetry. As a professional, he sings with literature in the mid-1920s, if the deacons of yoga verse appeared in almanacs.
Kharms being one of the founders of the literary group OBERIU (Association of Real Art), which included the poets A.Vvedensky, N.Zabolotsky, Yu.Volodimirov and others, who won the prize for alogism, absurdity, and the grotesque. In 1927, on the stage, Budin druk was staged the song "Elizabeth to you" by Kharms. Kharms, reading his creations in public with the public, his verses and explanations were expanded in manuscripts. In 1930, the rotation of the OBERIU as a "union of formalities" was fenced off. Marshak, highly valuing talent Kharms, getting yoga to work with children's literature From 1928 Kharms published verses for children in the magazines "Chizh" and "Jack". There were also a lot of children's books, so many books, like "Ivan Ivanich Samovar", "Gra", "Million".
Spare parts for passenger cars near Chekhov.
D. Harms On April 23, 1941, he was arrested, and died on February 2, 1942, while working in a psychiatric hospital. Im'ya yogo was recreated from the Radian literature, and less than 1956. do yoga was rehabilitated. In the 1960s, books were re-read, the song "Elizabeth to You" turned to theatrical repertoires.
1928 rec. Leningradsky Budinok to another with a whistle of young outrageous writers, as if they call themselves oberyuts. The stinks recited the verses, written in zoom, staged the absurdist "Elizaveta Bam", and to top it all off they showed a light montage film with a rich name "M'yasorubka". Danilo Kharms, the head of the midst of oberiutiv buv, whose biography became the topic of this article.
Early rock
Born in the future, he sings on December 30, 1905. Shilnіst to writing practice was passed on to Danil genetically: his father, who had changed from the listing of Chekhov and Tolstoy, was used as a revolutionary deed, and with his pen tests, and his mother was a noblewoman and led the porch for her trips. A short biography of Danil Kharms includes a riddle about his bright light in a privileged German school. After the revolution of wines at the Leningrad Electrotechnical School, there are signs of draughts with the formulas “weak inspiration”, inactivity among the community robots”.
Turns of literary activity
If Kharms Danilo Ivanovich, whose biography has become the subject of rich investigations, having changed the name of Yuvachov, he still believes in his writing talent? The first choice of the pseudonym is planted on the cob of the 1920s. The solution to the nickname "Kharms" (as well as її numerical options, among them - Khharms, Khaarms and, unexpectedly, the sounds of Karl Ivanovich) was suggested in the numerical inscriptions. The most plausible trace of the analogy with the English and French language. While the first one has harm - tse "Skoda", then the other has a similar word meaning charm, privatility.
About the same time Kharms wrote his first poetic works. Khlebnikov is chosen as a guide, and, in fact, his close shanuvalnik A. Tufanov. Year by year, the Order of Rozumniks will be replenished with such a talented poet, like Danilo Kharms. Yogo's biography is also to be noted that in 1926 he joined the All-Russian Union of Poets, the stars of exclusions through non-payment of contributions.
OBERIU
In the first half of the 1920s, Kharms became acquainted with Vvedensky and Druskin, who were the founders of the “chinariv” group. In the meantime, see Danilo, who virishiv zgurtuvat all the leftist writers under one name, one group - OBERIU. It is deciphered as a collapsible abbreviation as the Association of Real Art. Why, in the manifesto of the group, published in 1928 by the rotis, the school of "zaum" was deafened by the best to itself. Kharms saw the collapse of the word, the splendid grime in the nіsenіtnitsa. Meta їх groups is small global in nature and projected on the current world. The Oberiuti attempted to clear the subject of the “literary lusciousness”, to try to make it real. It’s worth pursuing, like yoga, obviously avant-garde tales (verses “Evil collection of the infidels”, “I’ve been sleeping ...”), so creating, like a humorous character.
Explains Kharms and the manifestation of absurdity in prose miniatures for the kshtalt "Blakitny Zoshita No. 10", "Sonnet", "Old Baby". On one thought, the logic of science can be challenged in life. For example, Kharms induces a shock, if the artist, in defiance of anatomical laws, has somehow twisted the shoulder blade of the head heroine, which, in the meantime, does not respect us, peeps, to admire the beauty of the depicted nature. Having created Danilo and create dramatic works (for example, I guessed more “Elizaveta Bam”), they easily fit into the context of other oberuiuts.
Create for children
How did the biography of Danil Kharms develop? For children of wines, having begun to write from the beginning of the 20s, spivpratsyyuchi from low journals. Other members of the OBERIU also worked there, however, at the head of them, Kharms was finally put up to his lowest job, as he became the sole source of income by the will of his share. The magazines published verses, the poet's puzzles, and published a series of books (“In a first and in a friend way”, “Gra” then). Acts from them were under the fence, or they were not recommended for mass libraries, otherwise they were especially fond of among small readers.
Harms in the 1930s
This period, having become especially important for writers, they wanted to put their talent on the assembly line. Danilo Kharms lay before them. The biography (autobiography, to be more precise) is silently displayed in the sumptuous rows of the verse "On the View of the Writing House...". He sings with wonder and bewilderment, that he knows that they turned up in a new way, that they had consumed the writer's disgrace. The first arrest of Kharms came from the baby in 1931. Formally, the poet's duty was to be respected by the sphere, although the right reason for the arrest was due to OBERIU. Mabut, Radyansk vlada could not spit out a lot of shocking, scandalous twists that characterize the avant-garde art - like Danilo Kharms is ceremonial. The biography of the poet in the 1930s is reminiscent of a luminous crisis and permanent material relief. In the meantime, a friend of Marina Malich's team helped you to cope with them, as they were deprived of singing until the end of their lives.
Death
The war began. Kharms is smart with his astonishing moods and it’s impossible to take the fate of her, for which Yogo was suddenly arrested. In order to escape the shooting, Kharms feigned god-villa. Yogo was relegated to a psychiatric clinic, de Vin died at the hour of the terrible blockade of Leningrad. So having finished his Danilo Kharms, the biography of that creative work of such a ninth becomes a significant interest.
Biography
HARMS, DANIIL IVANOVICH (real name Yuvachev) (1905-1942), Russian poet, prose writer, playwright. Born on 17 (30) December 1905 in St. Petersburg. Batko Yogo, if he was a naval officer, he was attracted to court in 1883 for his part in the People’s Volunteer Territory, having spent several years in solitary confinement and more than ten years in penal servitude, de, maybe, having survived a religious brutality: order with memoir books. 1901) and Schlіsselburzka Fortress (1907) and publishing mystical treatises Between the world and the monastery (1903), Mystery of the Kingdom of Heaven (1910) and Mati Kharms, a noblewoman, in the 1900s she was in charge of the shelter for many convicts. Kharms studied at the St. Petersburg privileged German school (Petershuli), de-learned the basic knowledge of German and English language. In 1924, having joined the Leningrad Electrotechnical School, he was stricken with a vengeance for "weak resilience" and "inactivity among the communal robots." From that hour on, the whole writing practice is alive and only literary income. Accompanying writing is a variety of self-illumination, with a special sleight of hand in philosophy and psychology, as a sign of one’s worker, it proceeded super-intensely.
Having seen the “strength of the world” in oneself and having formed poetry with one’s poverty, the poet A. V. Tufanov (1877-1941), the chanuval and seller V. V. Khlebnikov, the author of the book Do Zaum (1924) ) ) and the founder (near birch 1925) of the Order of Zaumnikov, the core of which included Kharms, who took the title “Dzir zaumі”. Through Tufanov, having become close to A. Vvedensky, we will learn more of the orthodox poet - "khlibnikivtsya" and lover I. Crewe. Terentyev (1892-1937), creating a number of agitations, including the “actualizing” stage adaptation of the Inspector, parodied in Twelve Styles I. Іfa ta Є. Petrov. Z Vvedensky Kharms was bound by a mіtsna friendship, that, for an hour without any particular implication, taking on the role of Kharms' mentor. Prote directing їхної creativity, arguable in the plan of philosophic jokes, is left on the cob a fundamental difference: Vvedensky’s vinicator and chooses a didactic attitude, Kharms outweighs the game. About tse to speak the first vіdomі yogo vіrshovani texts: Kіka z Kokoyu, Vanka Vstanka, The land to speak was blamed by the grooms of that Poema Mikhaili.
Introduced by Hamsa Nova Kolo Postіnyny Spe_kovnya, leying yogo і і авамин иманий, VIPUSNIKY І YA. DRSKIMINA, VIPUCHNIY OF FILOSOFSKY VІDDDIVENNYY Faculty of Supilny Sciences, Yaki Vіdmovili Abspecting the Holy Power Supervis to develop the idea of self-worth, specialty and intuitive knowledge. They looked madly at Kharms's thought, 15 more than fateful stinks were the first hearers and Kharms' pozinovuvachami, at the hour of the blockade Druskin vryatuvav did yoga with a miracle.
Shche in 1922. Vvedensky, Lipavsky and Druskin fell asleep a trinity union and began to call themselves "plane trees"; in 1925, Kharms came before them, becoming a “plane-gazer” and suddenly gaining scandalous popularity in the stakes of avant-garde writers under his newly found pseudonym, which became the multiplicity of the English word “harm” - “misfortunes”. In the meantime, create your own for the children of the wines, signing and in the same way (Charms, Shardam toshcho), but not to be respected by the power of the call. Pseudo-nim buv zakrіpleniya i at the introductory questionnaire of the All-Russian Union of Poets, where Kharms was accepted in birch 1926 on the basis of representations of his works, two of them (Vypadok on the vault and Vіrsh Pyotr Yashkin - komunіsta) were in the distance to swear at the small circulation of the Union. Krіm them, until the end of the 1980s, only one “grown-up” Kharms’s work was published in the SRSR - verse Mary comes out, watching the uklin (SB Day of poetry, 1965).
As a member of the literary community, Kharms, having taken away the opportunity to speak to the readers of his verses, but having become accustomed to it only once, in the same 1926 - otherwise try to be marnimi. A playful cob of yoga performances stimulated the dramatization and stage performance: in 1926, together with Vvedensky, preparing a synthetic performance for the avant-garde theater "Radiks" Kharms got to know K. Malevich, and the head of Suprematism, having given him his book, God does not throw it off with the inscription “Go and make progress”. His own verse On the death of Kazimir Malevich Kharms, having read in a memorial service for the artist in 1936. Kharms’ tension to a dramatic form appeared in the dialogue of rich verses (Spokusa, Lapa, Pomst, etc.), as well as in the composition of the Comedies of the City of Petersburg and the first, most importantly - p'ysi Єlizaveta Bam, presented on September 24, 1928 at a single evening of the "Association of Real Science" (OBERIU), where, Krim Kharms and Vvedensky, included M. Zabolotsky, K. Vaginov and I. Bakhterev and M. Oliynikov became so close to him - Kharms had a special closeness with him. The union was unsteady, less than three fates dawned (1927-1930), and the fate of the new Kharms was more pronounced, that none of the creative principles came into contact. The characterization given to you by Zabolotsky, the ordering officer of the OBERIU manifesto, seems to be inconspicuous: “the playwright sings, respect for some kind of zealudzhen is not so in a static position, but in zіtknenni low objects, zіkhnої zaєminah”. Naprikintsy 1927 Oliynikov and B. Zhitkov organize the "Association of Writers in Children's Literature" and ask Kharms for it; From 1928 to 1941, he regularly published in the children's magazines "Yzhak", "Chizh", "Tsvirkun" and "Zhovtyani", in an hour he published about 20 children's books. Do it to the natural inspirations of Kharms’s creativity and give your own way of playing the game, but, as for those witnesses of yoga, the students of that list, they wrote stinks exclusively for making money (from the middle of the 1930s, it’s not especially important). The stench was treated by the efforts of S. Ya. Marshak, placing critical criticism before them, starting from the articles of Pravda (1929). Against hack work in children's literature, it was unambiguous. Imovirno, that happened to change and change the pseudonym postiyno. The newspaper “Zmina” rated the work of 1930 as the “poetry of a class enemy”, the article became the forerunner of the arrest of Kharms on the example of 1931, the qualification of the yogo literary work as a “driven work” and “counter-revolutionary” activity on the course. In 1932, the roci yomu far away turned to Leningrad. The nature of this creativity is changing: the poem goes into the background and the daedals are written less (the rest are completed until the beginning of 1938), pronounce and create (crime is old, create a small genre) multiply and cycle (Vypadki, be staged. Toshcho). ). On the mission of the lyrical hero - the vitivnik, the ringleader, the visionary and the miracle worker - there is a navmysny opovidach-posterigach, unperturbed to cynicism. Fiction and grotesque grotesque show zhorstoka and haze of "unacceptable action" (from the schodenniks), and the effect of stingy authenticity is created by the zavdyakas of scrupulous accuracy of details, gestures, and moving mimics. In unison with the schodennikov’s records (“the days of my death have come,” and so on), the rest of the confession (Litsari, Vpadannya, Pereshkoda, Rehabilitation) passed on to the children completely helpless, all-powerful bad swaville, zhorstokostі and vulgarity. Top sickle 1941 Kharms was arrested for "amazing speech". Create Kharms, navіt navіt narukovanі, were forgotten to the cob of the 1960s, if the collection of yogo was resolutely selected children's verses Gra (1962). Since then, for about 20 years, they tried to assign the look of a cheerful divak, a masovik-vitivnik for a childish part, which is not suitable for yoga "grown-up" creatures. Since 1978, the FRN publishes a selection of works prepared on the basis of manuscripts by M. Meilakh and V. Yerl. Until the mid-1990s, Kharms took the place of one of the leading representatives of Russian artistic literature of the 1920s and 1930s, essentially the opposite of Radian literature. Kharms died in Leningrad on the 2nd of February 1942 - he was taken out of duty.
Danilo Ivanovich Kharms (Yuvachov), (December 30, 1905 - February 2, 1942) - sings and prose writer, playwright and wonderful child writer. It was too early to choose your pseudonym and start writing early. Becoming an active participant in the "Association of Real Art" (OBERIU). Danilo Yuvachov was born in St. Petersburg in the family of Ivan Yuvachov, a revolutionary sent to hard labor, that Nadia Yuvachova. The fathers were familiar with the richness of the same writers. 1915-1918 - secondary school of the Head German School; 1922-1924 - Child-silk unified labor school; 1924 - Leningrad Electrotechnical School; 1926 - rehab; June 5, 1928 - a celebration of Ester Rusakovy, Kharms dedicating a lot of works and his own records from the period from 1925 to 1932. The blues were collapsible, in 1932 the stench parted for mutual good. 1928 - 1941 rіk - actively spying on children's magazines, writing a lot of children's works, spying on Marshak; I have written over 20 children's books. On June 16, 1934, Kharms befriends Marina Malich and does not separate from her until the very end; 23 Serpnya 1941 - Arrest (hibne zvinuvachennya in broader "riveting and astonishing moods") for the denunciation of Antonina Oranzhireeva (NKVS agent); Psychiatric clinic "Khresti" - they didn't shoot, the writer simulated the divine. p>
He died on February 2, 1942, at the time of the terrible blockade of Leningrad. p>
On April 25, 1960, on the right side of Sister Kharms’s death, yoga was looked at, guilt itself was confessed to the innocent and rehabilitated, and yoga’s books were revisited. p>
Today Kharms is called one of the most avant-garde, extraordinary and paradoxical writers of the 20th century. p>
