Great Did. Dіdka zhovtonogy - great grandma How the grandmother is born

(Lat. Gomphidae) - a family with a corral of grandmothers ( Odonata). Over 900 views.

Description

Sound from 40 to 70 mm zavdovka. Eyes divided by the interim. The female lays eggs one by one, laying in the field with a bunch of worms in the water (ovipositor is daily).

Width

Widely wide in the world, the Crimea of Antarctica.

Classification

5 subrodins, 90 slopes, over 900 species.

Gomphinae Rambur, 1842
- Triba Gomphini Rambur, 1842
  - Роды: Agriogomphus - Anisogomphus - Anormogomphus - Antipodogomphus - Archaeogomphus - Arigomphus - Armagomphus - Asiagomphus - Austrogomphus - Brasiliogomphus - Burmagomphus - Ceratogomphus - Cornigomphus - Crenigomphus - Cyanogomphus - Cyclogomphus - Dromogomphus - Dubitogomphus - Ebegomphus - Eogomphus - Epigomphus - Erpetogomphus - Gastrogomphus - Gomphus - Heliogomphus - Isomma - Labrogomphus - Leptogomphus - Lestinogomphus - Macrogomphus - Malgassogomphus - Merogomphus - Microgomphus - Nepogomphoides - Neurogomphus - Notogomphus ( Notogomphus gorilla) - Odontogomphus - Peruviogomphus - Phaenandrogomphus - Phyllogomhus - Platygomphus - Praeviogomphus - Shaogomphus - Stylurus - Tibiagomphus - Tragogomphus
- Triba Octogomphini Carle & Cook, 1984
  - Canopies: Anomalophlebia - Davidius - Fukienogomphus - Hemigomphus - Lanthus - Neogomphus - Octogomphus - Sinogomphus - Stylogomhus - Trigomphus
Gomphoidinae Tillyard & Fraser, 1940
- Canopies: Aphylla - Cacoides - Desmogomphus - Diaphlebia - Gomphoides - Idiogomphoides - Melanocacus - Mitragomphus - Perigomphus - Phyllocycla - Phyllogomphoides - Progomphus - Zonophora
Hageniinae Davies & Tobin, 1985
- Canopies: Hagenius - Sieboldius
Lindeniae Selys, 1854
- Canopies: Cinitogomphus - Diastatomma - Gomphidia - Gomphidictinus - Ictinogomphus - Lindenia - Sinictinogomphus
Onychogomphinae Chao, 1984
- Canopies: Acrogomphus - Amphigomphus - Davidioides - Lamelligomphus - Megalogomphus - Melligomphus - Nepogomphus - Nihonogomphus - Nychogomphus - Onychogomphus - Ophiogomphus - Orientogomphus - Paragomphus - Perissogomphus

Zvichayni see

Europe has 12 species, Russia has 22, wider ones, mainly in the direction of the Urals.

Viglyad Gomphus flavipes Charpentier - Didka zhovtogy
Viglyad Gomphus pulchellus Linnaeus (Selys, 1840)
Viglyad Gomphus simillimus Linnaeus (Selys, 1850) - Didka zhovty
Viglyad Gomphus vulgatissimus Linnaeus, 1758
Species Onychogomphus assimilis (Schneider, 1845)
Species Onychogomphus forcipatus Linnaeus, 1758 - European Didka (tailed)
Species Ophiogomphus serpentinus Charpentier - Didka horned

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Notes

Literature

Wilson, K.D.P.; Xu, Z. 2009. Gomphidae of Guangdong & Hong Kong, China (Odonata: Anisoptera). zootaxa, 2177: 1-62.

Lesson that characterizes Didki (grandmother)

“Andre, do you want to…” Prince Marya said in a raptom voice in three voices, “do you want to drink Mikolushka?” Win an hour guessing about you.
Prince Andriy chuckled for a moment, but Princess Mary, as she knew the guise so well, realized with a flicker that it was a grin, not joy, not tenderness to the blue, but a quiet, lagid slander from the fact that Princess Mary lived, on її thought. , rest zasib for bringing yoga to tami.
- So, I’m already Radius Nikolushtsi. Are you healthy?

If they brought Mikolushka to Prince Andriy, who was astonished at the father, but did not cry, because he didn’t cry for anyone, Prince Andriy kissed him, maybe, not knowing what to say to him.
When Mikolushka was brought in, Princess Mary went to her brother again, kissed him, not losing her strength to calm down more, and wept.
Vin respectfully marveled at her.
- Are you talking about Mikolushka? - saying wine.
Princess Mary, weeping, firmly bent her head.
- Mary, you know Ivan ... - Ale vin raptom lock.
- What are you talking about?
- Nothing. You don’t need to cry here, - having said wine, with that very cold look, marveling at her.

If Prince Maria cried, I realized that she was crying, that Mikolushka would be left without a father. From the great susilly over myself, I tried to turn back in life and transferred to my thought.
“So, їm tse may zdavatisya Skoda! - thinking wine. “But it’s so simple!”
“Birds of heaven don’t sleep, don’t reap, but your father will live on,” - having said wine to himself and wanting to tell the prince himself. “Ale no, stink to understand, stink not to understand! Whose stench cannot be understood, what all ci feel, how stink to rise in price, our mustache, our thoughts, which are given to us so important that we don’t need stench. We cannot think of one alone. – І vіn lock.

The little son of Prince Andriy was born this way. Vіn ledve vmіv to read, not knowing anything. Vіn richly survived the next day, gaining knowledge, caution, enlightenment; ale yakbi vіn volodіv dіvі vsіma tsimi pіslya nabuti zdіbnosti, vіn іn іn nіg bіg bіg better, more rozumіti іn ієї єї sceni, yak vin bachiv mіzh bаtkom, princess Mar'єyu natalka, chim vіn її sozumіv now. Vіn mustache zrozumіv і, not weeping, vyyshov іz kіmnati, movchki pіdіyshov to Natasha, who came after him, glancing at her thoughtfully beautiful eyes; Yogo's upper lip twitched, his rouge was lifted, he leaned his head against it and wept.
Since the beginning of the day, I’ve found Desalles alone, I’ve found the Countess, I’ve been pestering yoga, or I’ve sat alone, or I’ve timidly approached Princess Mary and Natasha, like wine, I’ve given up, loving my aunts even more, and quietly and litteringly pestil before them .
Princess Mary, who looked like Prince Andrii, understood all those who said her disguise of Natasha. Vaughn didn’t talk to Natalka anymore about hoping for a good life. Vaughn swore at her from the white of the sofa and did not cry any more, but prayed without remorse, turning her soul to that eternal, unscarred, such a presence that was now so vigilant over the people, as if she was dying.

Prince Andriy did not only know that he was dying, but he thought that he was dying, that he was already half dead. Vіn vіdchuvav svіdomіst vіdchuzhennosti in vіd osgogo terrestrial and radio and wondrous lightness butt. Vіn, do not hurry and do not turbulent, ochіkuvav that yogo check. That grіzne, vіchne, not at home and far, the presence of such a wine without ceasing to see the stretch of your life, now for the new one it was close and - for that wondrous lightness of the butt, like a wine vіn vіdchuvav, - mayzhe ozumіle and vіdchutne.

Didki - grandmas, to finish the great roses. The main features of this species are those that their larvae do not live in stagnant water bodies, but in swedish rivers.

The larvae, like and grown-up individuals, are active huts, stench slurp with small spineless and rib larvae.

Zovnіshnіy vglyad dіdusya

The wingspan of the krill will become close to 6-7 centimeters. This kind of butterflies is easily recognized by the swollen tip of the cherevtsya. The grandmother's eyes are green-blue, her forehead is yellow.

The breasts are also yellow, but they adorn black braids of smug. Cherevets black color, from the sides with yellow patches, and the beast to pass the later line of the yellow color. Crila at the grandfather's vision. Long legs of black color.

Way of life

The trivality of the life of mature individuals becomes less than 4 years old. The stinks fly from the cob of grass to the end of the lime. Hanging them can be used to shoot water, canals, a river with food or a multi-bottom. Expand the stench of Europe and the European part of our country.

Zhovtonogy did - a grandmother to finish the great roses.

Qih butterflies have vlasnі fodder plots. Males are jealously guarding their borders. When the females show, the males sometimes blow up the beaters. Before the beaten stench, their dissatisfaction is shown by the figures of the great pilotage, the clatter of the slit and the thick shere of the krill.

Day after day, the children grow up on the singing territory, with which the grandmothers cover their clothes, confirming the borders. Under the hour of patrolling the territory, grandmothers will pee at once. As if the grandmother respects the booty, she bows to the route, picks up the victim, and then turns back to the lot.

Grandmother didusya is a creature's hut.

Didki are pitiless huts. They have a myslivska tactic, like a hawk. The stench can catch on, and if you commemorate the good, then with a sharp roar they beat you. At the beginning of the hour of watering, the grandmas are put more importantly on their own sir. Zir іnodi lead tsikh myslivtsіv: it was marked, like a didka rushed after a leaf, or after a feast, which was widening in poіtry.

Reproduction

Dida's ovipositor is daily. Females lay eggs one at a time, hitting the water with a small tip. The larvae linger on the days of the flowing rivers. As it was meant to be, the stinks are choking on the dribbling, spineless ones. Children develop in 2-3 years.

Grandmothers - a little zagіn komakh. The SRSR has 165 species, including close to 100 in the European part of the country. Zavdyaki to the way of life, to the great roses, and to the grandma's savage zabarvlennya all know well.

Budov's heads of grandmothers: 1 - with the arrangement of eyes; 2 - z ochima, scho dotikayutsya; 3 - from the edge of our eyes.

Representatives of the corral are shaken by a stringy body with a length of no less than 30 mm, a great rumpled head, large breasts, and a long, narrow cherevets. Grandmothers are also characterized by long, narrow wings with clearer veins, which make for a dense mesh of veins. At the kіntsya kryl on the їhnomu front edge, ring out a good memory of a dark flame - krilov's vіchko. Bigger heads are occupied by great brightly adorned, ringing blue, green and red eyes. In some species, the stench sticks to the darkness, in others, on the other hand, they are widely spaced. The whiskers are too short. Mouth organs. Legs are short, narrow.

Grandmothers stand up to typical daytime coma, like to love the bright sun, and at night they hover in the middle of the roslin. Active life tsikh komakh to pass at the window. His zdobich - a lot of great clods - grandmas to catch on the fly for the help of chipped nigs, and splinter the dribbling crevices. Having drunk the victim, the grandmother calls out to sit on the rose or another object, or you can eat a vidobotok and take an hour to pay.

In the period of reproduction, grandmothers lay eggs one by one without intermediary near the water, and most of them saw the folding process. Buttercups, for example, lay their eggs in holes on the stalks of water roslins, and the female continues laying eggs under the water, where she descends along the stalks in the bulbash next to the escort of the male. Grandmothers-yokes embed eggs in roslin fabrics. Deyakі grandmothers lay on the water growths in a rich egg, otochyuchi їkh draglistimy rechovina, іnі mаyut form long cord.

Butterfly larvae develop near water, which is found in shallow stagnant or low-flowing waterways. The stench is more important than two types. One group of butterflies is characterized by two thin larvae with 3 caudal finned plates at the end of the body. Qi larvae trim in the middle of water dew. In another group of butterflies, the larvae are short, without tail plates. The stench lingers on the day waters in the middle of the dead parts of the roslin and the mule. Butterfly larvae are active huts that attack other water creatures, most importantly coma. The stench can be choking, sieging with mouth organs from the bottom of the waters and picking up from the new part of the hedgehog.

The meaning of butterflies in nature is different. Grandmothers have grown up in a great number of people to eat small clods, among them a lot of mosquitoes, midges and other bloodsuckers that attack people and creatures. Among the clods eaten by grandmothers, there were few shkіdniks of the rural and forest state. Butterfly larvae near waterways are also less dense in coma, which develop near water. Only in okremih vpadkah, for example, at ribo-like rates, the larvae of butterflies are shkidlivy, to that they attack the juveniles. Tsya Skoda, however, is small. To that, in general, grandmas can be seen to brown clods.

In a living patch, moth larvae can be avenged. For whom vicorist, an aquarium or an open jar is filled with water with a dozen of water growths. Butterfly larvae are rather unpretentious. You can go with komakhs, for example, motil or flies, which are thrown onto the surface of the water. Larvae in captivity chirp and eat inanimate hedgehogs, for example, pieces of meat, etc. In case of nesting hedgehogs, they often eat one alone.

Significant family table

1 (6) The rear wings are the same shape and expansion, like the front ones. The eyes are widely spaced: the space between them (looking at the beast) is larger than the width of one eye.

2 (5) Creela of the gap, їх the basis of the vuzka, may look at the stem. Dark crimson eye є.

3 (4) Abdomen whole bronze-green. Crilov's eye is long, yoga's double is larger for width.................................................. . .......................

4 (3) Abdomen with majestic overweight black-blaky color, Sometimes green, with a black flame on the edge. Crilov's vіchko is short, mayzhe is more square.

5 (2) Kryla dark color, the base is wide, not a stalk. There is no dark krylovy vіchka ..........................................

6 (1) The rear wings are wider at the base, slightly wider behind the front ones. The eyes are close, sticking, or placed on the vіdstan (view of the beast), like a smaller one for the width of the eye.

7 (8) The eyes (the view of the beast) do not stick together, in the distance one sees one.

8 (7) The eyes (view of the beast) stick together at one point, or on the same stretch.

9 (10) Eyes (view of the beast) stick together at one point. Body pofarbovane in black and yellow colors.

10 (9) Eyes (view of the beast) stick on the deakom stretch.

11 (12) Confused by the line, the little ones are folded up sounding from the impersonal different colors of smugs and flames. ...............

12 (11) A single-coloured cherevtsa or a maє little ones z not a lot of patches and swarms.

13 (14) The body sounds metallic gleaming. The back edge of the eye (side view) wiggles .............................................. .........................

14 (13) Body without metal glare. The posterior margin of the eye (side view) is straight .............................................. ..............

Family of beauty (Calopterygidae)

Krasunі - the average size of the grandmother, which winds up in their own way to fold the krill: as for the greater number of grandmothers krill at the calm spread of the kill, then the stench of the reddish stink is pressed one to one on the dorsal side and driven back. In farbuvanni krasun prevail blue and green tones. Krill tsikh grandmothers also sound like a farbovani. Strand larvae, with 3 caudal finned plates.

(Calopteryx virgo)

In males, the body is bluish-or greenish-blue, with a metallic sheen. Crila mayzhe entirely black-blue, glimmering. In females, the body is bronze-green, the front is glossy, the back end is dull. The creel is clear, with brown veins, the front edge of the wing is less than green with a metallic sheen. Body length up to 50 mm, wingspan up to 70 mm.

Grandmothers are awakened by a full fluffy flood, which predicts the flow of daytime blizzards. The stinks are buzzing near the flowing streams and the dry rivers, take care of any kind of growth. The females call to sit in the midst of the tallness, and the males fly over the surface water of the shore.

They trap from spring to autumn, they appear already at the beginning of the day.

The females lay their eggs in the tissue of living coastal roslins, or rather in the older roslins. The larvae live near the flowing waterways near the towns with abundant flowing water, sound like the white shores of the middle of the coastal vegetation. The development of larvae is trivaє 2 rocks.

(Calopteryx splendens)

In males, the body is metallic, shiny, blue; the middle of the wing with a wide blue bandage. In females, the body is golden-green; winged openings, with greenish and metallic gleaming green transverse veins. Body length up to 50 mm, wingspan up to 70 mm.

The way of life is like a front sight.

Trimayutsya near water bodies.

FAMILY LUTKI (Lestidae)

The middle roses of the grandmother's strings with full coverage. Sitting on the growth, the stench spread the wings to the sides and push them back, so that the wings spread under the hood to the body. You can see only deyaks folding the wings of the cherevtsya. Zabarvlennya sound green or bronze, with metal vidlivom. The larvae populate the reservoirs with stagnant water, so that they dry up until the end of summer.

(Sympycna fusca)

Males and females were poached the same way. The body is more importantly brown-bronze, on the breasts there is a wide bronze swirl. Kіntsi kril trohi zagostreni. Body length up to 35 mm, wingspan up to 45 mm.

Older grandmothers of the new generation are flying with water from a worm to a zhovtnya. Sweat the stench hibernates and again they trap on the awnings. The solemn trivality of the life of butterflies - up to 10 months. The buttercups fly badly, and it is most convenient to sit on the coastal dews. Females lay up to 350 eggs, laying their eggs in the living tissue of the dews, laying eggs in the living tissue of the dews. The larvae of the string, rather rotten, develop at the stakes, ditches and other stagnant waterways. Tremayutsya mid watery growths. The development of larvae is completed in 8-10 days.

(Leste dryas)

Males and females were poached the same way. The body of the animal is bronze-green; The edges of the creel of the storm. Body length up to 40 mm, wingspan up to 50 mm.

Grown-up grandmothers fly with water from the wormwood until spring. Eggs are laid near the fabric of water dews. Quite often, up to 50-70 eggs are deposited on one splint, which spread along a straight line of planting up to 40 cm. The larvae emerge from the eggs. The development of larvae is completed in 8-10 days.

ARROW FAMILY (Coenagrionidae)

Dribni strings grandmother with narrow piercing wings. Males and females sound like they’re different from each other. In most of the species, males are black, with black patches and smugs, females are pale green. However, deyakі arrows may be more troubled. At the calm krill, the bridle of the cherevtsya is folded. Eggs are laid on underwater parts of roslin. Strand larvae, with 3 caudal finned plates.

(Enallagma cyathigerum)

The male is black, from a black little one. The anterior segments of the cuticle may be blaky, with a black heart-like flame in the posterior part. Only two middle segments are black with double dowgast and occupy close to half of the other segments. Kіnets cherevtsya whole black, krіm tail appendages. In females, the infestation can be minimal, green or reddish-brown. At the sight of males in females of Dovgast, a black plama is spread on the skin segment of the abdomen. Body length up to 35 mm, wingspan 40-45 mm.

Grandmothers grow with a long warm season - from an ear of grass to the middle of spring. The stench gives priority to great stakes and lakes, or rather streaming rivers. Often they see far into the water bodies. Eggs are laid on underwater parts of roslin. The larvae thrive in the middle of the water dew.

(Ischnura elegans)

The head is black, behind the eyes are bright flames. The male has a black chest, the beast with a wide dark late smog and more narrow husbands on the sides, a black lace, with narrow bandages, on the tip with a great black flame. Contamination of females is minimal. Deyakі from them repeat the zabarvlennya male, іnshi mayut brown breasts without any smugness. Body length up to 35 mm, wingspan up to 45 mm.

Grandmothers fly from stagnant and slow-flowing waters from the cob of grass until the end of spring. The female lays eggs on different water growths, in the middle of which larvae live.

(Coenagrion puella)

In farbuvanni males, the black color is more pronounced. The segments of the anterior part of the cuticle are black, on the ends of the black flame, as 2 black lines go forward. Dali roztashovanі segments, on some black color is carried. Kіntsev segments are again black, crim black tail appendages. Females are mostly green. There is a large black patch on the cutaneous segment of the females, so that the animal's skin segment looks black with a greenish edging. Body length up to 35 mm, wingspan up to 45 mm.

Grandmothers grow from the cob of grass until the end of spring, there were various water bodies, both stagnant and weakly flowing. Sound the stench of sitting on the water and water thickets. Grandmothers fly more often, less for short periods. Eggs are laid in different water growths. The larvae thrive in the middle of the water dew. The development of larvae is completed in 4 days.

(Coenagrion pulchellum)

In males, on the black segments, the animal has a dark color; only the anterior part of the segment is black, and one of the segments in the beast is completely black. Kіnets cherevtsya mayzhe blokkytny, krіm black tail appendages.

In females, all segments of the cherevtsya sound two colors - mostly black, but with a green patch in the anterior part. The cherevtse is long and thin. Body length up to 35 mm, wingspan up to 50 mm.

Grandmothers fly from the cob of grass until autumn, white of various stagnant waters. Eggs are laid at the underwater part of living roslin. The larvae of the string can live both in clean waters and in swampy waterways. The stench of the body sings like a breath of light, the winds of which may become unremembered in the midst of the watery vegetation. Tse allow them to cross over to the enemies.

FAMILY OF DIDKA (Gomphidae)

Grandmothers of the middle roses with piercing wings, so that the little one cannot think. The dark eyes are widely spaced. Hindwings in males with a rounded apex at the base, in females smoothly rounded. Grandmothers often fly far into the waters and swim on knots and fox galyavins. For laying eggs, females choose flowing water with food, mulistim or stony bottom. The stinks fly over the surface of such waters, periodically lowering the worms near the water. At this moment, the stench lays an egg. The larvae live on the bottom of the ponds, they can grow a large body and digging legs. With help, the stench burrows into the sand or mule. They feed on bottom larvae of komakhs, chrobaks and dry mollusks.

(Gomphus vulgatissimus)

The eyes are bluish-green, separated by a yellow color. Breasts are yellow, with slanting black smugs. A black cherevtsy, from the sides with yellow flames, to the beast with a yellow posterior line. Black legs Long body 45-50 mm, wingspan up to 70 mm.

Grandmothers live only 4 days, fly from the cob of grass to the end of the lime. The vesnі zustrіchayutsya on knots foxes and glades, vlіtku tremayutsya by water, rivers, canals, fox lakes with food or mulistim bottom. The females lay their eggs directly near the water. The larvae are trimmed on the day and do not appear from the growth. The stench develops 2-3 rocks.

(Onychogomphus forcipatus)

Green eyes. The main infestation of the body is dark brown and black. Head in front with a yellow flame. On the breasts there are yellow zignut smugs. Cherevtse black, with yellow flames. Legs are black, at the base of the storm. In males, the cuticle is expanded. Body length up to 55 mm, wingspan up to 75 mm.

Grandmothers fly near the red-linden. Eggs are laid by the water. The larvae live on the scree or stony plots of the bottom, often in the rivers from a short distance. The development of larvae is trivaє 3-4 rocks.

Didki - one of the simplest of our grandmothers.

Yoke family (Aeschniidae)

Great, string-farmed grandmas, one of the most beautiful representatives in the corral, Eyes on the dark are sticking. Creel at the calm straightening killed. The yoke can fly for years without a repair. At this hour, the stench often wafts far into the waterways. The females lay eggs in living or dead tissues of the roslins, lowering the stems of the worms near the water. The larvae are active huts, sometimes attacking fish fry. In some species, the development is completed in 1 year, in others it lasts up to 4 years.

(Aeschna grandis)

The main color of the body is brown-red. Creela golden brown, with ruddy veins. The breasts of the animal are surrounded by wings with 4 black patches, from the sides - with yellow smugs. Cherevtse in males from the sides of the black ones, the beast with white flames. In females, the patches on the heads are light-syr. Body length 70-80 mm, wingspan up to 105 mm.

Grandmothers are hustled from a worm on a spring. Your policy is a characteristic time that stinks often plan. They fly not less than a day, but after the sunset. The females lay their eggs near the weedy tissue of the roslins, zanurenі near the water, or the accumulation of the widmerly parts of the roslins was shored by the waters.

The larvae reach 50 mm, and develop in 2-3 stalks. Give priority to standing or weakly flowing water bowls. They linger in the midst of the water growth.

(apah imperator)

The eyes of the beast are greenish-blaky, below are yellow-green. Breasts are green, without smug. The female krill are golden-yellow, the males are bare. In males, the cherevtsy is black, with great blackish-brown patches, in females it is bluish-green, with larger patches, with a reddish-brown color. Body length up to 80 mm, wingspan up to 110 mm.

Grandmothers fly from the middle of the worm to the sickle. You can drill along the banks of small stakes and other standing and low-flowing thickets of water bodies. Females lay eggs more importantly at the widmerli, part of the roslins are buried near the water. The larvae linger in the middle of the water thickets. Behind the river of stink, 60 mm laces reach and complete their development.

(Brachytron hafniense)

The grandmother is covered with thick whitish hairs, the stars look like a name. The eyes of males are black, those of females are yellowish-brown. The breasts of the animal are brown-red, with 2 wide greenish-yellow late smugs. The white parts of the breasts are green, from 2 oblique black husbands. Legs are black Cherevtse in males is black, with black patches and narrow transverse green males. In females, lashes are on the zhovt zhovt.

Body length up to 65 mm, wingspan up to 80 mm.

Grandmothers fly near grass-linden. For laying eggs, choose small stagnant and weakly flowing water basins, including swamps.

The larvae are massive, loitering in the midst of the dead parts of the water growths. The stench develops even more, and the trichi hibernate.

(Aeschna cyanea)

The eyes of males are greenish-blaky, those of females are yellowish-green. On the forehead, a black flame is characteristic of the letter T. The chest of the beast is brown, with 2 wide green late smugs, on the sides - green, with a black little one. The males have black cherevets, with green dorsal and black white bead patches, on the remaining black segments they have black patches. In females, the cherevtsa is brown-red, with green patches or light-gray, with light-black patches. Body length 65-80 mm, wingspan up to 110 mm.

Grandmothers grow from the middle of the wormwood and until late autumn. Females often fly in the evenings. Give priority to great stagnant water basins, rates and overgrown lakes.

The larvae linger in the middle of the water roslins. The development of larvae is trivaє 2 rocks. To the end of the development of the stench, 50 mm laces reach.

FAMILY CORDULEGASTERIDI (Cordulegasteridae)

One of our largest and most beautiful butterflies. Tіlo stroke, wings of transparency, at calm straightening killed. Eyes look at darkness only at one point. Give priority to flowing water bodies, including streams with a swedish overflow, and mountain lakes. Grandmothers fly near water bodies, often resting on dews. Eggs are laid at the squeaks or stony ground with water. When this happens, the female burrows vertically down and during the first hour of low flight 70-75 times per 1 hour she lays the ovipositor in the ground.

(Cordulegaster annulipes)

Green eyes. The body is black, on the breasts there are 2 middle and 4 white yellow smugas. Cherevtsa with yellow patches and smugs. Body length up to 85 mm, wingspan 90-105 mm.

Grandmothers are husked from the cob of wormwood and to the end of the sickle.

The larvae lead a near-bottom way of life near flowing waterways. The stench will dig into the sand so that only their eyes can be seen and the dorsal part of the body. Dekilka once winters.

The species is widely widened in the European part of the SRSR, mainly in areas with humpbacked and mountainous relief.

BABKA'S FAMILY (Corduliidae)

Middle roses or great grandmas. The body is metal-left gleaming, one-blade, or not rich in flames. Kryla ring out the gaps, sometimes they fumble. At the base of the hind wings there is often a dark flame. The eyes are sticking, their rear edge is a ledge. The female lays eggs, flying over the water and hitting the surface with her tip. The larvae are short and short, lingering in the water during the day.

Cover the body of the larvae with particles of the bottom vіdkladen, like to scatter the larvae without litter.

(Epitheca bimaculata)

Breast light brown. The cherevtsa is yellowish-stormy, without a metallic glare, a beast with a blackish haze. The anterior edge of the krill is intense yellow. Rear wings in the base with black patches. Body length 55-60 mm, wingspan up to 95 mm.

Grandmothers wake up with a swishy and beautiful coat. The terms of the summer season are equally short - from the end of the grass to the middle of the wormwood. Grandma lives less than 2 days. The female lays eggs near the water at the sight of a long cord, which releases an hour of low flight at the dot until the end of the surface of the water. The larvae lead a near-bottom way of life. Finish development in 2-3 years.

(Cordulia aenea)

The body was metallic, gleaming, green, without bright flames. Green eyes. The breasts are lightly pubescent. Rear wings with a dark flame at the base. Body length up to 55 mm, wingspan 65-75 mm.

The white waters are rising, ringing in the gloomy weather or in the evening. Grandmothers come on the cob of grass and fly to sickle. Females lay eggs near the water. The larvae lead a near-bottom way of life near stagnant waterholes, overgrown with vegetation. Wintering 2-3 times.

(Somatochlora metallica)

The body is green, the metal is gleaming. In females, the base of the cuticle is black. On the other cranial segment - dark ring. In addition, the females on the forward segment have 2 large white patches. Creela on the anterior margin is yellow, especially in females. Body length up to 60 mm, wingspan 70-75 mm.

Grandmother can be seen from the beginning of the grass by stretching the autumnal summer that autumn. The stench lives on stagnant and low-flowing water bodies, often burrowing near swampy areas, on peat bogs. Quite often grandmothers work at foxes on knots and galyavins.

Eggs sing at the peat mass, moss, clusters of dwarf growths near the coastal zone of water bodies.

The larvae are massive, live on a muddy day of stagnant and low-flowing water bodies. The development of larvae is trivaє 2-3 rocks.

STROKOSI FAMILY REFERENCES (Libellulidae)

Pasterns of medium rosemary, pofarbovani in red, yellow, brown and black colors, without metal sheen. At a calm wing, straightening killed and moving forward. The rear, and sometimes the front wing, wave a dark flame at the base. Females lay eggs near the water and coastal sand. The larvae are massive, loitering at the bottom of the water.

(Libellula depressa)

Tsei view, having taken away its name for the expansion, that flattened cherevtse. The eyes of the beast are brown, the bottom is yellowish-green. The breasts are yellowish-brown, the beast with two light-yellow or green late smugs. At the base of the front and rear wings there is a tricot black flame. The cherevtsa in males is densely covered with a black file, in females it is yellowish-brown, with black beech lines. Body length up to 45 mm, wingspan up to 80 mm.

Grandmothers fly from the cob of grass to sickle. The females lay their eggs directly near the water, sticking their ovipositor on the surface of the water basin during the low-floor hour. The larvae are massive, live on the bottoms of dry stagnant or slow-flowing waters with clay or mulistic bottoms. In dry periods, the water basins sometimes dry up, the larvae at the same time bury themselves in the mule and cross the dry period to new trees. Trivality for the development of larvae up to 2 years.

(Orthetrum cancellatum)

In males and females, the chest is yellow or yellowish-stormy. In females, the cherevtsy is yellow, with wide late stormy swarms and bright moonshine patches. In males, the colors of the cuticles are different: on the cob of their life, the headdress is similar to such females; Body length up to 50 mm, wingspan up to 90 mm.

Grandmothers grow from the end of the grass until late autumn. The stench flies by the most manipulative water bodies - from great lakes to small rates and canals. Often sit on the ground. Females lay eggs near the water for half an hour, hitting the ovipositor on the surface of the water with a tip.

The larvae form the bottom, rich in splint and splint material that is laid out. Trivality of development - 2 years.

(Sympetrum flaveolum)

In males, the chest is brown-red, the cuticle is dark-red. Females are full yellowish brown. Like in males, so in females on the head there is a black black part of the smuga, and on the very end the black is the middle part of the smuga. The basis of krills in both articles of the zhovt, protea in females of the zhovtі plyami can be daily. In males, the eyes of the animal are brown-red, below are gray; in females, the eyes of the animal are brown. Body length up to 35 mm, wingspan up to 60 mm.

Grandmothers fly in the other half of summer and autumn. Eggs are laid near the water or on the coastal waters of the soil for half an hour. Females either throw eggs from a small height, or they lay their hands for an hour to pierce the water or the ground. The larvae develop in the middle of water thickets near stagnant water basins, completing the development in one river.

(Sympetrum pedemontanum)

In males, the chest is brown-red, in females it is grayish-brown. Kindly breathes and zabarvlennya cherevtsya, as in males it is bright-red, in females it is yellowish-brown. Particularly characteristic krill, scho mayut wide transverse borax dressings. Body length up to 35 mm, wingspan up to 55 mm.

Grandmothers fly from the middle of the linden and until late autumn. Sound the stench flying low over the growth and the zavdyaks to their zabarvlennyu and blazing wings rage against the background.

Females lay eggs on watery soil or water for low-flying hours. The larvae live near stagnant overgrown waterholes. The development of larvae ends after the river.

Dry water reservoirs, in which the larvae of this and other close species live, often dry up. That is why the larvae can attach for breathing near the water, and near the land - atmospheric winds. For digestion near the water, the larvae of the vicorist grow in special rectal zyabras, rotting in the hindgut. In times of thyme, the larvae do not perish with water. In this period, the stench breathes through the dychalny - especially open on the sides of the segments, most on the breasts.

(Sympetrum sanguineum)

In mature males, the chest of the beast is orange-red, on the sides it is yellowish-brown, the bellies of the beast are crooked-red, on the sides it is yellowish, dark below, with red patches. In a young male, the chest of the animal is yellowish-brown, and from the sides it is yellow-green, the collar is yellowish, and the bottom is in a white tint. In a young female, the cuticle is yellowish-or red-brown, in a mature female it is covered with a blackish tinge on the sides. The length of the body is up to 40 mm, the wingspan is 50-60 mm.

Grandmothers fly from the last linden until late autumn. Eggs lay near the water dry, stagnant, often dry out with water. The larvae live in the middle of water growth, develop in 2-3 months.

Older grandmothers are constantly growing on the roads, on fox galyavins, white waters.

(Leucorrhinia pectoralis)

Breasts are black, with light middle smugs and white patches, between yellow wings. Basis krill chervone. The rear wings are at the base with a small black flame. Cherevtse black with great bright flames. Kіnets cherevtsya black. Body length up to 45 mm, wingspan up to 65 mm.

Grandmothers fly from an ear of grass to an ear of sickle. Eggs are laid in the middle of the waters of different swampy water bodies, which are overgrown with water vegetation. The larvae develop in the middle of the swampy thickets, more often they grow at the rates and in the inlets of the river.

In the autumn, the grandmothers of the group have grown to die. At the same time, the stench is stingy with roads, white stovpiv and fences, where you can easily find copies that are accessories for the collection.

Grandmothers are the most recent komakhi-huts: the remains of their distant ancestors, revealed by archaeologists, date back to the Kam'yanovugil period (350-300 million years ago). However, the ancient fates of the evolution practically did not appear on the old-looking grandmothers, to which the creation is considered to be primitive. For the whole hour, they observed and classified over 5000 sights of these coma. But see the butterflies, which you can watch in the European part of Russia, even innumerable: they are not more than a hundred. Tsі komakhi give priority to the tropical climate, the greater part of their inhabitants of the vologі fox is more important. Pivdenny America and Pvdenno-Skhidnoy Asia. In regions with a dry climate, grandmothers are not found.

Nature hut

All kinds of butterflies (moreover, nymphs, and imago) are eating coma, often blood-sucking (slips, mosquitoes, midges). The shape of the body of the grandmother is ideally suited for puffing on the fly. Tsі komakhi - “pіdsmazhenі”, with curved breasts and a twisted lace. Grandmother's head is slumped. On it, two folding faceted eyes are folded, which allow everything to be moved, which can be seen at a little distance and behind, and between them the two are equal, which serve for orientation in space. Organize the dawn of power in such a way that it is best for a grandmother to dream on the ashes of the sky. That is why she attacks the victim from below. The comaha has a tight mouth (“grunting”, as it seems to be a woman), short whiskers and thick legs, covered with hairs, which help to snort the booty. The skin representative of the corral may be two bets krill, although they are still kindly separated. Tse means that there is a bimotor coma. Grandmother can fly over 55 km/year.

Rivnokryli

They see three pods of butterflies. The first of them is rіvnokrіl. Until the new one can be seen thinned, the lungs are, as a rule, small clods with a well-worn cherevets. Obidvі bet kril they are identical in size and form; at a calm place, the grandmother folds her back so that from the surface of the back the stink is satisfied with a hostile kut. They fly evenly and smoothly. Among them - so see grandmothers, like a thinned arrow, a beautiful girl and a storm of darkness. Nimphi rіvnokrylih, who live near the water, wield a special organ of dihannia, which is found on the edge of the cherevtsya, - the tail of the ziber.

Varieties and Anisozygoptera

Another pidzagin is rіznokrіl. They have a tight torso, and the base of the hind wings is widened. Eyes often stick together. Shvidkіst polotu at the rіznokrylih temple. At calm wings, these butterflies were bred and killed. The larvae of rіznokrylih butterflies live with the mulіta and die for the help of rectal zybers. Varto guess deyaki see grandmas, which lie down to richly crying. Tse - great grandma, great yoke, bronze grandmother, bloody grandmother.

Representatives of the third in a row (Anisozygoptera) share the signs of the first two, wanting the smell of stench nearer to different wings. In Russia, grandmothers do not live.

Krasuni

Vzagali, the grandmother's death is seen in the middle of other corrals in the clods with its aesthetic advantages. And the representatives of the family are beautiful in principle, it’s impossible not to get drunk. For example, beautiful-girls are small (up to 5 cm long), thin rіvnokrilі pasterns with a wingspan of krill no more than 7 cm. violet colors and cast metal glare.

In females, the tulub has been poached, and the krill has none. Krasunі give priority to the overgrown shores of quiet rivers and dry streams. Eggs of the stench are laid by the leaves of the coastal dews; the larvae also try to grow near the stems of that root. The watering of the beautiful girl is guessing the watering of the blizzard.

Arrows

The arrows are not so effective, like beautiful ones, but the floorings are graceful grandmothers. The photo of the elegant arrow, placed lower, confirms this fact.

Arrows to lead such a way of life, like a beauty, how to choose a species of booth more modestly. And it’s not surprising, even the back of the body of the thinned arrow is only 3.5 cm, the same as the wingspan is 4.5 cm. Creela vuzki and lucidity. Deyakі females can be similarly zabarvlennya, іnshі pofarbovanі to harvest inconspicuously and not mum nor smog, nor kіlets. Arrows fly in full and rarely deprive the native months. These larvae live and peck at the stems and roots of water plants. It is not an easy task to introduce one species of another within the framework of the same family. But it is impossible to confuse with the other family of arrows.

Help money

Up to this family, in a succession of different birds, there are numerous numbers of butterflies. Name them for themselves: swamp, flat, bloody. Tsі komakhi look like a massive, wide and perceptibly short tulub, trochs covered up to the head with winged wings dark beaches at their base. The female of the right grandma lays her eggs directly by the water, or by a quiet river, and sometimes by the coastal sand. Great nymphs of right grandmothers live with a mule. Flat headstock - tse komakh of medium size. The wingspan of the krills becomes 8 cm, the length of the body is 4.5 cm. In females, and in males, brown-yellow breasts, but the male's leeks are covered with a bright-blaky nail file, then the female's leeks are brown, with dark swarthes from the sides. Both krill pairs are based on dark tricots. Green eyes.

Other remarkable representatives of the family are blood grandmothers (photo below). It is easy to recognize them by the brightly colored body - red-yellow, orange-or brown-red.

Grandmothers are one of the most important. The stench shows activity from the middle of summer right up to leaf fall. The transformation of the larvae of blood butterflies into adults is only possible for a sprat of months.

Didki

Among the features of these butterflies, it is necessary to name the line of zabarvlennya, widely spaced, and the presence of the base of the hind wings in males. Dіdki zdatnі until dovgih reletaіv i vіddat priority to flowing waters with clean water, where the females lay their eggs right on the ice.

Dіd sizable, dіd caudate and dіd horned - the widest in Central Russia see butterflies. Name it to sound funny (so it’s like “metal’s grandmother” or “bronze’s grandmother”), but you need mothers on the street, who are also called rivermen, and grandmothers are patrolmen. Dіd zvichayny - black and yellow grandmother with piercing wings. Zabarvlennya far away guessing aspen.

The larvae of the fish are unpretentious, they can burrow into the soft mule. And grown-up children, no wonder, not old-fashioned. They don't live longer than a month.

rocker

These are great, bright, and vivaciously zabarvlenі grandmas. Representatives of the corral of butterflies rarely think of such vibrancy: yokes can be seen for a lot of kilometers in the waters (traplyalos, that they were pumped over the ocean). Rozmіri tsikh komakh tezh inspire pova: the scope of the krills of the watchman-lord (or the emperor) sagaє 8 div.

The breasts of the vartovs are greenish, the cherevets are blue, with a yellow ring. Krill in males is absolutely barren, and in females - ice yellow. Organizer - black green. Dozorts live by stagnant waters, which often dry up. Eggs of stink lay at the fabric of roslin, which rot, zanurenі near the water. These large larvae of the building come into contact with fish fry.

The Crimea is a richer place, in the European part of Russia there are representatives of such families, like: grandmas, lutki, cordulegasteridi. All grandmas are respected by brown ones. The stench eat komakh and shkіdnikіv i, at their own house, є їzheyu for birds and ribs.