The spiritual culture of the similar slov'yanstvo of Raznomanitny and the barvisty material culture of ancient Russia became bright, rich-faceted, foldable spiritual culture of the skhіdny slov'yanstvo. From old, long ago, folk poetry, miraculous

3.2. Material culture of ancient China On the molding of material culture of ancient China, signs of uneven development of material production in different parts of the country were given. Of the traditional types of home pottery, this craft is most characteristic of pottery.

3.3. Spiritual culture of Ancient China Philosophy in China for example the third period in the history of Ancient China (“near the powers”) and gaining its greatest development in the period of Zhangguo (“fighting kingdoms”, 403–221 BC). At that hour, there were six main

material culture

Under the material culture, piece-created objects sound like they allow people to get closer to the natural and social minds of life in the best way.

The objects of material culture are created to satisfy the various needs of a person, and therefore they are considered as values. Speaking about the material culture of that number of people, it is traditional to wear such specific objects as clothes, clothes, stuffing, eating food, embellishment, power of life, architectural sporud. Today's science, surviving such artifacts, reconstructing the style of life of peoples, which have long been known, about which I am not left with riddles in letters.

With a broad understanding of material culture, they have three main elements.

Vlasne object light, human creations, - houses, roads, communications, fittings, objects of mysticism that will be pobut. The development of culture is manifested in the progressively expanded and complicated world of artifacts, the “domesticated” dovkil people. It is important to experience the life of a modern person without the most complicated piece of equipment - a computer, a TV set, mobile phones, just like to lie on the basis of a modern information culture.

Technologies - sobe and technical algorithms for the creation and selection of objects of the subject world. Material technologies, oscills embedded in specific practical methods of activity.

Technіchna culture - tse specific novice, smart, zdіbnostі people. Culture saves the number of learners and in the order of knowledge, transmitting from generation to generation both theoretical and practical knowledge. However, on the vіdmіnu vіd the knowledge of the novice and vmіnnya are formed in practical activity, sound like a prepared butt. At the dermal stage, the development of culture and the development of new technologies are becoming more advanced.

spiritual culture

Spiritual culture on the basis of material is not instilled in objects. The sphere of її buttya is not speech, but ideal activity, connected with intellect, emotions, feelings.

Іdealni forms the basis of culture to lie in the face of all human thoughts. Tse - science knowledge, mova, weary norms of morality and rights too thinly. In some cases, up to the category tsієї enter the diyalnіst osvіti and zasobіv masovoї kommunіkatsії.

Integrative forms of spiritual culture will unite the various elements of the suspensory and special svedomost in the whole svetoglyad. At the first stages, the development of humankind was such a regular and common form of myths. Religion, philosophy, and to the singing of the world - mysticism have occupied the modernity of the world.

Subjective spirituality is broken by objective forms in the individual consistency of the skin of a specific person. With whom you can talk about the culture of a good person (її baggage of knowledge, building up to moral choice, religious feelings, culture of behavior, etc.).

The rise of the spiritual and material form, the vast expanse of culture, like a collapsible mutually connected system of elements, like a constant transition one into one. So, spiritual culture - ideas, the artist thinks - can be drawn into material speeches - books and sculptures, and reading books and objects of mysticism is accompanied by a turning point - from material speeches to knowledge, emotions, feelings.

The quality of the skin of these elements, and the formation of a close connection between them, signify the riven of the moral, aesthetic, intellectual, and the result - the cultural development of any kind of suspіlstva.

Relationship between material and spiritual culture

For whom the spiritual culture is inextricably linked with the material. Be it the objects of material culture at their foundation, they create a project, instilling songs of knowledge that become values, satisfying human needs. In other words, material culture is embedded in the singing part of spiritual culture. Ale and spiritual culture can only be based on being objectified, objectified, which took away those other material influences. Whether it be a book, a picture, a musical composition, how and if other works of art, which are part of spiritual culture, require material wear - paper, canvas, farb, musical instruments, too.

It is often difficult to understand what kind of culture - material and spiritual - belong to that other object or manifestation. So, be it a piece of furniture, better for everything, we can see it up to material culture. And yet, to talk about a chest of drawers of a 300-year-old century, which is exhibited in a museum, about a new trace, you can talk about the subject of spiritual culture. The book is an inexhaustible subject of spiritual culture - it can be used as a vikoristan for rotting the oven. But if the objects of culture can change their recognition, then there may be established criteria for differentiating the objects of material and spiritual culture. In this quality, one can win an assessment of the sensation and recognition of an object: the object or a phenomenon that satisfies the primary (biological) consumption of people, is considered to be material culture, as the stench satisfies secondary consumption, is connected with the development of human vitality, spiritually important as a subject of culture.

Between material and spiritual culture, transitional forms are founded - signs, which seem to be visible in the fact that they themselves stink, although this zmist does not belong to spiritual culture. The most common form of the sign is pennies, as well as various vouchers, tokens, receipts and other things, which are used by people to signify the payment of various services. So, pennies - a wild market equivalent - can be spent on the purchase of food products and clothes (material culture) or get a ticket from the theater chi museum (spiritual culture). In other words, pennies act as a universal mediator between the objects of material and spiritual culture in society. And yet, in this case, there is a serious concern, shards of pennies accumulate among themselves and objects, objects of spiritual culture. At the same time, rich people have the illusion that everything has its own price, that everything can be bought. At such a time, pennies disempower people, belittle the spiritual life of life.

5. Culture is one of the most important parameters in the specifics of human life. The skin of an individual is a folding biosocial system that functions for the balance of interaction with the necessary middle ground, which is necessary for a normal functioning, life and development.

Most of the needs of the people are satisfied with looking at the work. And the process of pracі zavzhdi zdіysnyuєtsya behind the uninterrupted fate of that direct infusion of evidence of the people, її thought, knowledge, pochuttіv, will. The system of human culture is the world of speeches, objects, now a natural medium, created by people's satisfaction and needs. So, culture is the "objectified" world of human spirituality.

Culture is a product of human activity, and activity is a way of people's work in the world. The results of human practice are constantly accumulating, and the system of culture is historically developing and enriching by generations of people. Everything is within the reach of human beings in legal, political, sovereign duties, in systems of illumination, in medical, industrial and other types of services, in science and technology, mysticism, religion, philosophy - everything is valuable to lay the light of human culture:

· fields and farms, industries (factories, backwaters) and civilians (residential houses, install that іn.) spores, transport communications (roads, pipelines, bridges), lines zv'yazku just .;

· Political, legal, illuminating and other installations;

· scientific knowledge, artistic images, religious doctrines and philosophical systems, culture of sim'ї

On Earth it is not easy to know such a place, as if this world had not been mastered by human practice, as if the human hands had not stuck, if there had not been a human spirit.

World culture of otochu dermal. The skin of a human being is zanuren in a sea of ​​speeches, objects of human culture. Moreover, the individual becomes a human remains, the shards of wines acquire their forms of activity from the variety and variety of objects of culture (to be formed by the previous generations of people). At home, at school, at a higher initial level, on robots, at co-operation with other people, we mastered the system of subject forms of culture, "distinguished" them for ourselves. Only this way a person changes for himself, develops his inner spiritual world, his knowledge, interests, morality, skills, vminnya, svetoglyad, values, consume that іn. further development.

The culture of Vinicla immediately followed the human being itself, and the first cultural manifestations were the works created by our distant ancestors.

Culture is the same, collapsible, complex manifestation of human nature, as mentally (for the equal importance of the spiritual and material warehouses) is often subdivided into humanitary and natural culture.

It is unlikely that today it is possible to describe all the diversity of cultural values ​​that have been reached and reached by mankind. You can see more than a few of the most significant signs of human culture on this day. Podіbniy podіl wisely, stubbornly and richly in what to lay on the look of a specific person. Humanitarian culture

Humanitarian culture in the modern mind is Ludin's light-gazer, incorporating practical and theoretical predictions, foundations on the basis of what the most recent Light can be seen in light. In a different way, it is a universal complex of material and spiritual values, creations including the subjective (special) identity of a person and a soul. Tse morality, religion, mystetstvo, politics, philosophy, only to enter the spiritual understanding.

Humanitarian culture is based on human values, such as humanism, democracy, morality, human rights, too. Ale doslednik tsієї culture perebuvaє seredinі razglyunih problems. Philosophical systems, religions, philological studies include features, power in their creator. All yoga life is often inextricably woven into the "fabric" of these systems, religions too. That is why the methods of follow-up, which are victorious in the halls of humanitary knowledge, are razuche vіdіznyayutsya in the form of naturalists and lead to interpretations, tlumachen, porіvnyan.

Teleological and financial explanations are of great importance in the humanitarian spheres, meta-explaining the motives and spirits of people's activity. The interest to such explanations grew in the rest of the hour, due to the discussion of the results, which were taken away in synergy, ecology and other sciences. Even more important in the humanities spheres is the use of the method of binding from the clouds, which is called hermeneutic.

6. Culture stands as an important factor in social innovations of prosperity. She reacts wonderfully to all the changes that appear in the suspension, and she herself significantly contributes to the social life, shaping and signifying a lot of suspension processes.

Sociologists present a great role in modernizing the development of processes of modernization. In my opinion, having “break through” the traditional way of life in the lower krai, it may be under the uninterrupted influx of socio-cultural contacts from the already established centers of market-industrial culture. When it is necessary to protect the specifics of the specific historical minds of these lands, their traditions, the peculiarity of the national character, the cultural and psychological stereotypes that have been formed, that is.

A special role of culture in the evolution of society was assigned to the classics of the world's sociological thought. Достатньо навести знамениту працю М. Вебера «Протестантська етика і дух капіталізму», де було показано, як світоглядні установки протестантизму зумовили формування системи ціннісних орієнтацій, мотивації та поведінкових стереотипів, які лягли в основу капіталістичного підприємництва і істотно сприяли існуванню і істотному сприянню.

The role of culture as a maker of social changes is especially growing under the hour of public reforms. With the help of obviousness, you can walk on the butt of our country.

In the minds of the mind, the development of a new cultural policy is especially important. Under the cultural policy, a complex of approaches to regulate the development of the spiritual and valuable aspects of the suspense buttya is understood. Culture is given the role of forming a value-oriented and optimally organized and socially effective activity.

7. The post-industrial state of human civilization is rightfully connected with the development of the information society - the society, the level of which is the world's most important measure of the amount of accumulated information, the accessibility of that freedom. The blame for the information industry is inconspicuously connected with the recognition of the fundamental role of information in the development of the information industry, looking at a wide sociocultural context of such phenomena as information resources, new information technologies, and informatization.

The formation of the informational susceptibility meant to ensure the adequacy of enlightenment to the dynamic changes that occur in nature and the suspense, to all the most important medium, to the increased coverage of information, to the rapid development of new information. Of particular importance in the informational sector is the organization of informational awareness and the promotion of informational culture of specialty.

Today, everyone is talking about the formation of a new informational culture, as it can be an element of the global culture of the people. It will become knowledge about the informational medium, the laws of its functioning, smarter orientation in information flows. The information culture is still not a showcase of a global, but, more, of a professional culture, but in the future it will become an important official in the development of a skin individual. The concept of "informational culture" characterizes one of the facets of culture, connected with the informational aspect of people's lives. The role of this aspect in the informational support is steadily growing; And today, the abundance of information flows on the skin of a person is so great, diverse and razgaluzhen, that it takes into account the knowledge of the laws of the information environment and the ability to orientate in information flows. In a different state of affairs, it is not possible to adapt to life in new minds, build up to a change in social structures, which will result in a significant increase in the number of workers employed in the sphere of informational activities and services.

Ninі іsnuє impersonal purpose of information culture. Let's look at the deeds of them.

A wide understanding of the informational culture is aware of the combination of principles and real mechanisms that ensure the positive interaction between ethnic and national cultures, which are common to the souls of people.

For the higher sense - the optimal ways of prompting with signs, danim, information and presentation to the wiser sensibilities for the accomplishment of theoretical and practical tasks; mechanisms for the perfection of technical media for the generation, collection and transmission of information; development of the system of training, preparation of people to the effective selection of information tools and information.

The information culture of the people was shaken by information crises. One of the most significant informational crisis calls before the advent of writing. The modern methods of saving knowledge did not provide a new level of security for growing communication of information and fixing information on the material carrier, which gave rise to a new period of information culture - documentary. Up to її warehouse the culture of splkuvannya with documents has gone: obtaining fixed knowledge, coding and fixing information; documentary search. The operation of information became easier, having recognized the change of the way of thinking, and yet the forms of information culture had lost their meaning, and they were enriched by the system of interrelationships with letters.

Chergov's information crisis called out to the life of computer technology, which modified the wearable information and automated the activities of the information process.

The current information culture has taken away from itself all its forward forms and merged into a single zasib. As a special aspect of social life, it stands out as an object, if it is the result of social activity, reflecting the nature and level of practical activity of people. This is the result of the activity of the subject and the process of saving what has been created, the expansion and development of objects of culture.

At Denmark, the base for the formulation is a formulant of the Supervisor Mizhi categories іndiviz, izhormatsky culture of the Yaki forms of the pod as a kind of technology of the new navigan, the same categories of the izhmasy, izhin -forman, iriyntye, ir of culture, iriyntysky. Tse create different equal and її yakosti with the same vitraty of forces and hour, pulling behind him an objective injustice, which is due to the lowering of the possibilities of the creative manifestation of some subjects among others.

Similar information.

It’s easier to get the right food, and in my time, sociology, I’ve done more than one thing, if I’ve tried to figure it out. Zagalom, I'll try to lay down those that I've won and, I'll give in to whoever needs it. :)

What is material culture

At tse understanding enter objects, created by a piece way of satisfaction of the social and natural needs of a person. For example, you can dress up or shave, embellish or donkey yourself. Mustache to enter at the understanding of the material culture of the singing people. In a wide meaning, up to that, the following elements should lie:

• objects - attach chi roads, objects of art that life;
• technologies - oskіlki є material exposition of thoughts;
• technіchna culture - here you can see the newcomers chi songs in vminnya, which are passed on to the coming generations.

What is spiritual culture

Vaughn didn’t know about objects - she didn’t speak, but everything that was connected with feelings and intellect. Before it can be seen:

• ideal forms - for example, mova or globally accepted traditions. Some people here bring illumination;
• subjective forms - at times there is knowledge about how representatives of the people may be known;
• integrative forms - ce understand include different elements as a special character, and suspіlnoї svidomosti, for example, legends.

The relationship between the spiritual and the material

Obviously, insulting forms cannot help but interact, moreover, they are tightly intertwined with impersonal mutuality. For example, the thoughts of the architect, tobto spiritual storehouse, to know the vіdbitok from the material - budіvlі. In case of any material object - garna budivlya, to know the expression of feelings and emotions - to the spiritual.

Of particular interest is the fact of the fermentation of the spiritual from the material - speech, like the status of an object of culture after being processed by human hands. With this stench one can see both to the material, and to the spiritual, looming cream of practical color and singing spiritual sense. It’s all about the primary spirit, if the speeches symbolized perfumes and they took the information like an engraved text.

Іsnuyut different methods and analysis of culture structure. Oskіlki culture speaks, rethinks, like rethinks all kinds of socially significant activities, then the main elements of the structure and form of fixation and the transfer of social dosvidu. In this context, the main warehouse cultures are: language, zvichaї, traditions, values ​​and norms.

Mova is a system of mental symbols, which can be found in visuals up to singing objects. Mova plays the most important role of the process of socialization of specialness. With the help of the movement, the assimilation of cultural norms, the development of social roles, the formation of models of behavior. Skin people have their own cultural and movement status, which means belonging to a specific type of modern culture: high literary language, vernacular, mass dialect.

Tradition is a form of socio-cultural creation, with the transmission from generation to generation of the basic elements of normative culture: symbols, sounds, manners, movies. The need to preserve these basic norms is determined by the very fact of the foundation of the past.

social norm- the same form of socio-cultural regulation in the main social sphere, which characterizes the belonging of an individual to the social group. The social norm establishes admissible interactivity between representatives of specific social groups, ensuring the transferability, standardization of people's behavior is consistent with their social statuses.

Value is the category that shows on the human, social and cultural significance of the singing manifestations of activity. The skin historical epoch is characterized by a specific set of that same hierarchy of values. Such a system of values ​​acts as the greatest riven of social regulation, to become the basis for the formation of special features and support in the support of the normative order.

That spiritual culture is material.

Looking at the culture behind one's nose, one sees the material and spiritual culture.

material culture includes all spheres of material activity and results: life, clothes, objects and tools for work, objects for saving and in. So, those elements, like serving the natural organic needs of people, are brought to material culture, as if in a direct sense of their satisfaction with their needs.

spiritual culture includes all spheres of activity and products: knowledge, education, enlightenment, law, philosophy, religion, science. Spiritual culture is connected, let's think, from the satisfaction of consumption, and from the development of human habits, may be of great significance.

Some of the objects themselves can belong to both material and spiritual culture at the same time, and the social processes of the foundation change their recognition.

butt. Everyday life is satisfied with the natural needs of people. Ale, being exhibited at the museum, these speeches already serve to satisfy the public interest. Behind them you can vivchati pobut and zvichaї singing dobi.

Culture is like a wake-up call for the spiritual vibrancy of particularity.

Behind the form of spiritual vitality, as well as the nature of culture, one can mentally see three such forms: elite, folkі mass.

Elite, but high culture includes classical music, high art literature, poetry, sophisticated art, etc. She is created by talented writers, poets, composers, painters and straightened out by a number of poets and scholars of art. Not only “professionals” (writers, critics, mysticists), but also those who highly appreciate the art and take it away from the aesthetics of salt with it can enter.

Folk culture blames the singing world spontaneously and most of the time there are no specific authors. The warehouse includes the most diverse elements: myths, legends, bilini, songs, dances, syllables, phrases, crafts and a lot of other things - everything that is accepted to be called folklore. You can name two warehouses of features of folklore: wines of localizations, that. connected with the traditions of singing folk, and democratic, shards of yoga created to take the fate of the mustache.

Mass culture begins to develop from the middle of the nineteenth century. Її do not vіdrіznyає vіsoka spirituality, navpaki, won't mає mainly rozvazhalny character and nіnі occupies the main part of the cultural expanse. Tse sphere, without which it is impossible to reveal the life of modern young people. The creations of mass culture are, for example, modern pop music, cinematography, fashion, modern literature, endless TV series, films and action movies.

Sociological approach to the development of culture.

In the context of the sociological approach, culture is a system of values ​​and norms, powerful songs of social unity, groups, people and nations. Main categories: dominant culture, subculture, counterculture, ethnic culture, national culture. Looking at the culture as a characteristic of the peculiarities of the life of different social groups, we see the understanding: dominant culture, subcultureі counterculture.

Dominant culture- ce sukupnіst perekonan, values, norms, rules of conduct, yakі priymayutsya and podіlyayutsya more members of the suspіlstva. Dane understands the system of life that is important for the maintenance of norms and values ​​that establish this cultural basis.

Subculture - tse understanding, with the help of which sociologists and culturologists see local cultural complexes that are at the borders of culture of the entire community.

Be it a subculture conveying its own rules and behaviors, its own style of clothes, its own manner of intercourse, imitating the peculiarity of the way of life of different people. Russian sociologists attach special respect to the development of youth subculture.

How to show the results of specific sociological studies, subcultural activity of young people to fall in the low factors:

level of education (for students with lower level of education, for example, students of vocational schools won't be remembered, lower for university students);

Vid vu (peak activity 16 - 17 years, to 21 - 22 years will significantly decrease);

Type of place of residence (characteristic of the greater world for the city, lower for the village).

Under the counterculture, such a subculture is understood, as if it were changing to a dominating culture, and it could lead to a conflict. Counterculture means not accepting the basic values ​​of our society and calling out to the joke of alternative forms of life.

Specifics of modern mass culture.

Already in the 19th century, philosophers, who cultivated culture, turned to the analysis of the essence and social role of mass and elite culture. Mass culture at that time was unequivocally seen as a specter of spiritual slavery, as a spiritual strangulation of people, as a way of molding manipulative evidence. They contrasted the high classical culture, as it was adopted as a way of living, pritamanny privileged versions of society, intellectuals, aristocrats in spirit, tobto. "colors of people".

In the 40s-50s of the 20th century, a thought took shape on mass information as a new stage of culture. Vaughn successfully expanded at the practice of the Canadian cleric Herbert Marshal McLuen (1911-1980). Vіn vvazhav, scho all іsnuyuchi culture vіdіznyayutsya one vіd one ї by means of splіkuvannya, to that scho sоbі sіlkuvannya form svіdom_st people that signify specialness їхної zhittєdіyalnosti. Like a lot of culturologists, the concept of McLuen and yoga followers is a typical optimistic concept of mass culture.

The main function of mass culture is compensatory-rozvazhal, as it is supplemented by a socially adaptive function, which is realized in the abstract, superficial version. At the link with the cim, the zahіdnі doslіdniki repeatedly blabbed that the mass culture transforms people into cіkavih posterigachiv life, like they look at the illusory world of video images as an objectively real reality, and the real world, like a crossroads. Restoration of the minds of mass culture, for the evidence of rich psychologists, turns mature people to the infantile stage of adoption of the world, and I turn young people, in the center of culture, into passive creators, as if indiscriminately swearing at the “rational” prepared for them.

The American heritage of mass culture asserts that it is violating the function of a spiritual drug. Fooling the mind of people in the world of illusions, mass culture becomes a school of stereotypes, shaping like a mass consciousness, and the same behavior of people. Considering such a position, it was often concluded that the nervousness of people is natural, and that it is inevitable forever. That the elite will be in the future and in some kind of supremacy, that it will itself become an intellectual ruling minority, that there may be a high level of activity and intelligence.

Gromadyansky freedom;

Expanding literacy in all versions of the population;

National psychology and self-confidence are the most clearly expressed in national art.

Vcheni see two equal national cultures:

It is reflected in the national character and national psychology;

Representations of literary language, philosophy, high art.

Ways to enrich the national culture:

At the discretion of the ethnic group, the skin nation creates special foundations of culture: museums, theaters, concert halls and others.

The formation of national self-confidence with the national system of lighting: schools, other primary mortgages.

Today, the main meta-national enlightenment is the moral development of specialness, the attachment of such socially significant qualities, like love, humanism, altruism, tolerance, like the exercise of freedom and justice, equality of rights and opportunities, tolerant setting to various human manifestations.

Culture and civilization.

In culturology, the order is from the understanding of culture to the understanding of civilization. This term vinik understands “culture” more than the 18th century. For one version, the author considers the Scottish philosopher A. Ferrugson, who divided the history of mankind into epochs:

wildness,

barbarism,

Civilizations,

looming on the verge under the rest, the highest sorrel at the suspensory rosette.

According to a different version, the term "civilization" was invented by French philosophers-enlighteners and victorious with them in two senses: in the wide one and in the narrow one. The first one meant a high-risk suspіlstvo, founded on ambushes of the mind, justice and religious tolerance. Another sense is closely intertwined with the concept of "culture" and meaning the plurality of the singing qualities of a person with a non-abyaya mind, luminosity, eminence, high manners, etc., volodinnya with such a path to the elitist parisian salons of the eighteenth century.

The modern age assigns civilization to such criteria as:

Historical hour (ancient, middle and old);

Geographical expanse (Asian, European and in);

Technology (industrial, post-industrial industry);

Political blue (slave, feudal civilization);

The specifics of spiritual life (Christian, Muslim and other).

Civilization means the singing of the development of material and spiritual culture.

In the scientific literature, the types of civilization are designated for such signs:

Spіlnіst and interdependence of historical and political share and economic development;

interpenetration of cultures;

The emergence of the sphere of joint interests and joint tasks with a look at the prospects for development.

On the basis of these signs, three types of development of civilization were assigned:

Non-progressive forms of reason (natives of Australia, Indians of America, rich tribes of Africa, small peoples of Siberia and brewery Europe),

Cyclic development (edges of the Skhodu)

Progressive development (Greek-Latin and contemporary European).

At one time, culturology did not develop a unity of looking at the understanding of the day-to-day nature of civilization as a scientific category. So from the position of A. Toynbee, civilization is seen as a song sorrel in the development of culture among the peoples of that region. From the standpoint of Marxism, civilization is gloomy as a concrete stage in the suspіlnomu rozvitkovі, scho came to the life of the people after the era of savagery and barbarism, which is characterized by the appearance of places, letters, molding of national-sovereign ablutions. K. Jaspers pіd tsivіlіzаtsієyu razumіє "tsіnіstі vsіh kul'tury", podkreslyuyuchi tsim їх єіній ане аааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааа.

Particularly place to understand civilization in the concept of O. Spengler. Here the civilization glooms like a final moment at the development of the culture of that other people in the region, which means “zahid”. Contrasting the concept of "culture" and "civilization", the robot "Zakhid Sontsa Evropi" writes: "... civilization is an inevitable share of culture. Here the same peak has been reached, from the height of which we can see the most important nutrition of historical morphology.

Civilization with extreme and piece camps, on the basis of a building a higher type of people. Stink ... completion, stink to go after the formations that have become, for life, like death, for the development of like a fixation, like a rozum old age and a stone, a place of light outside the village and sincere childishness. The stench - the end without the right to slander through the internal necessities of life - are manifested by reality "(Spengler O. Zahid of the Son of Europe. Draw the morphology of world history: in 2 vols. M., 1998. Vol. 1., P. 164.).

With all the versatility of the clear points of the dawn, the stench is rich in what they run into. The greater number of scholars under civilization should achieve a high level of development of material culture and the most important signs of civilization should be respected: the appearance of the city, the vindication of writing, the rise of sovereignty to the class of enlightenment.