Categories "action" and "practice" in psychology. The role of practice in the development of the welfare Practice as a function in the whole category

1.3 Practice as a type of human activity

Consume that people's interests as the basis, as you define the method of labor activity. Aimless busyness chimos not to feel sensation. Such a robot is shown in the ancient Greek myth about Sizif. The gods called yogo an important pratsyu - a great stone to the mountain. Like a little way the path was close, the stone was looking up and rolling down. And so I renew and renew. Sizifova pratsya - a symbol of a headless robot.

Pratsya at the sensi of the word vinikaє todі, if the diyalnіst of a person becomes comprehended, how the meta is set for them to be realized. The sense of practice is based on the attainable results, on the creation of material and spiritual blessings.

To material goods one can see food products, clothes, living quarters, transport, equipment, and servants. To the spiritual blessings one can reach the reach of science, art, ideology, too.

Pratsya is the main form of life and labor activity and labor activity in the form of initials, directed to the knowledge of the volodinnya by the minds, that playful activity, which is not so important as the result, as the process itself. Vkonuyuchi trudovі її, people vzaєmodіyut, enter vіdnosini one with one and the same practice є ієyu primary category, in which everything is laid out all the variability of specific suspіlnyh yavisch and vіdnosin. p align="justify"> The social work is changing the establishment of different groups of workers, their social identity, in which the reality of practice is manifested as a basic social process. The most social reality of practice is revealed in the categories “character of practice” and “change of practice” (Appendix 1).

At the process of labor activities, constantly exerting their physical and spiritual forces, supporting the forces of nature, vibrating more and more folding forces, the person herself is constantly developing. Otzhe, working as if having created people, and gradually developing, perfecting yoga, tobto. a person is a subject and a product of his labor activity.

Labor activity is characterized by:

Vzhivannya that preparation is a good practice, їх savings for a distant vikoristannya; purposefulness of processes in practice.

Subordering the practice of stating about the product of practice - labor method, as the law determines the nature and method of labor activities.

Suspіlny character pracі, zdіysnennya yoga for the minds of spіlnoї dіyalnostі.

Straightforwardness of the work of transformation of the outer world. The preparation, the survival of that znaryad pracі, the rozpodіl pracі shriveled the development of abstract thought, mov, mov, the development of suspіlno-historical vіdnosin between people.

The productive nature of practice; pratsy, zdіysnyuyuchi process vyrobnitstvа, vіdbivaєtsya at the wet product, tobto. the process of instillation, objectification in the products of the activity of people of their spiritual forces and vitality is being observed. In this way, the material, spiritual culture of humankind is an objective form of reaching the mental development of humankind.

To reach the goal of labor activity, victorious work is carried out by various workers: various technical attachments, necessary for virobnitsia; energy and transport lines; other material objects, without any impossibly labor processes. Usi stink at once to become praci. In the process of virobnitstva, the subject of practice, tobto, is added. on materials that know the transformation. For whom there are various ways, which are called technologies. For example, it is possible to remove foreign metal from the harvesting using the help of metalorizal control, but using the electric pulse method allows you to achieve a similar result 10 times faster. Tse means that 10 times more productive work. Won is measured by the value of an hour spent per unit of production.

Also, in the structure of practice, elements are seen (Fig. 3): Ibid. - P.18.

1) svіdomo stavіlі tsіlі - vіrobnitstvo sіvnoї produktsії, processing of natural materials, svіdоmo stavlenі і mehanіzmіv іn;

2) objects of practice - those materials (metal, clay, stone, plastic and other), on the transformation of which the activity of people is direct;

3) take care of that smart work - I will arrange everything, attach, mechanisms, attachments, energy systems, for the help of which, the objects of work are transformed;

4) victorious technologies - adopt the methods to be involved in the victorious process.

Figure 3 - The structure of labor activity

To characterize the practice of vicorist such parameters: Klimenko A.V. Suspіlstvoznavstvo: Navch. help for schoolchildren st. class and students to universities”: / A.V. Klimenko, V.V. Ruminina. - M: Bustard; 2004. - P.20.

1) the productivity of work - the number of products, viroblenoy in one hour;

2) efficiency of work - spivvіdnoshnja materialіlіh і labor vitrat, from one side, that otrimanih results - from the other side;

3) rіven podіlu praci - rozpodіl specific virobnicheskih funktsіy mіzh participants in the labor process (on the scale of the suspіlstva and in specific labor processes).

In a skin specific type of labor activity, labor operations are conspicuous, as they are divided into labor priyomi, diy and ruhi. Especially fallow od of chi іnshogo mind pratsі, obumovlenih subject pratsі, zasobami pratsі, sukupnіstyu vikonuvanih pratsіvnikom operatsіy, їh spіvvіdnoshennyam that vzaєmozv'yazkom, od rozpodіlu funktsіy (vikonavchih, reєstratsії that control sposterezhennya that nalagodzhennya) on robochem mіstsі mozhna govorito about zmіst іndivіdualnoї practice. Before the new one enters the level of diversity of labor functions, monotony, smartness of work, self-reliance, level of technical equipment, spivvіdnoshennia vikonavskih and managerial functions, the level of creative abilities thinly. Changing the warehouse of labor functions and spending an hour on the їхнє vikonannya means changing the work.

Figure 4 - Cost of individual practice

Fallow due to the participation of the practitioner in the selection process following the differentiation of functions: Dikareva A.A. Sociology of practice / A. A. Dikareva, M. I. Mirska. - M: Vishcha school, 1989. - P. 110.

1) energy, if the worker gives the rush to work;

2) technological - careful control over the movement of the subject and the benefits of work with taxes and regulation;

3) managerial, involved in the preparation of the production and the construction of the vikonavtsy

The head clerk, who thinks about the change of labor functions, is scientific and technical progress.

Head of personnel management services at the system of state labor contracts

The role of practice as the basis for the life of the Suspension confuses the need for development and development of the state policy in the cases of problems arising from it in interdependence with professional workers and robots (subsidiaries).

Follow-up factors in the motivation of a practitioner of vocational entrepreneurship

The formation of the current market economy in Ukraine cannot be accepted by people as a sense and purpose of their practice.

Methods of management for business

Economic transformations, which are being developed in the country, are accompanied by serious work to improve the forms and methods of management.

Model of reflexive care

Oskolki problematization of management "in the middle" of the management itself is impossible, let's try to understand it in the context of a short historical analysis of understanding the practice of yoga institutions. Problematization can be done differently.

Science look O.O. Bogdanova and their significance for the development of system analysis

“Tectology. Global organizational science” (M., 1913-1929) - Bogdanov’s main theoretical work, as if it was ahead of its time for money, but it didn’t understand and was accepted by the co-workers. Only the development of scientific knowledge has shown...

Organization of the appearance of bills for payment of benefits and social security from a non-profit organization

Before the state guarantees for the payment of labor, it is necessary to establish the legislator's transfer of the substantiation and the settlement of the payment of wages. Utrimannya from the wages of the worker are less likely to be lost in depressions ...

Fundamentals of the theory of system analysis: quality and vibir

In its development, humankind has passed through three organizational and technological frontiers of systemic activity, which signified a growth in the productivity of work, and through mechanization, automation and cybernetization.

Improving the efficiency of the enterprise management system of the BAT "Gomelprombud"

Let's represent graphically the average number of staff Figure 1.1 The average number of staff of BAT "Gomelprombud" for 2008-2010 r.r. Analysis of practice and її efficiency of presentation in table 1.2 Table 1...

The problem of female unemployment

Women, like mothers of small children, self-possessed and wealthy mothers and others. put in mind, if the robot does not have to choose. Tsim іnodі koristuyutsya nebrosovіsnі robodavtsi.

Problem molding for staff at the butt of production of TOV TD "Kupets"

Pratsya є the main factor of virobnitstv. The importance of the development of labor resources is evident. The development of the community's viability has a significant role to play in promoting its effectiveness...

Professional qualities and characteristics of a library manager

Our life does not stand on the mission. She's changing every day.

Regulation of work to personnel

Interested - tse public recognition of labor achievements, as zdіysnyuєtsya in the form of zahodіv zakhodіv moral and material character, as well as a way to gain knowledge and gain. Interest stimulates the practitioner's activity.

Pratsya manager in the ієrarchії state

The essence of a practical manager's workmanship is determined by the roles that the organization plays. Role - tse set of sing rules of conduct, yakі vіdpovіdat konkretіnіy organіzatsії chi posadі.

Labor activities of people

Consume that people's interests as the basis, as you define the method of labor activity. Aimless busyness chimos not to feel sensation. Such a robot is shown in the old Greek myth about Sizif.

Management and acceptance of management decisions at the PUE "Beltransholod"

One of the main resources, which is in the distribution of business, labor resources, in terms of efficiency and the degree of security of those, is to lay down the maximum income for less for less equal minds.

Vicorovychi ONE C basher is the mains of Kathagorіyi, Vіtchiznyan Psychologist Roviladє Putsu Peace Same Same Yak Dyalnіst, incorporated into the Suspianni Vіdnosin І not ІСнує соость сими ими имольсь стнования can be implemented differently, like the activity of specific people "

The concept of duty by O.M. Leontief, called the "theory of activity", and later - "the activity approach". The activity is considered by O.M. Leontief is like a system (and not a series of reactions), is included to the suspension, like a process, which has a mutual transition between the poles "sub'єkt-ob'єkt". Suspіlnі svіd zhiznі zhiznі to set motives і її її ії ії ії dіyalnostі, її zabі ta svoi: "suspіlstvo viroblіє іyalnіst utavlyuyut yoga іndivіdіv" The main її characteristic is objectivity. Psychic fermentation of the objective world is generated by these processes, from which the subject enters into the vision of this objective world, accommodating him to the powers, ties, sounds. The objectivity of activity evokes the objective nature of images, needs, emotions and feelings of people.

In psychology, activity is considered in its own special function - "the function of the subject's assignment in object activity and transformation into the form of subjectivity". Genetically vihіdnou є zovnishnya diyalnіst. During the process of interiorization of the external activity, an internal plan of communication is being formed. In the historical and ontogenetic development of human activity, there is a place for the mutual transition of outer and inner activity, as it is possible that “outward that inner activity may be the same wild life”. The splitness of the macrostructure of the outer (practical) and the inner (theoretical) activity allows one to analyze it, depending on the form, while passing through.

The concept of activity is related to the understanding of the motive: "The subject of activity is the right motive." Її "warehouse" є dії-processes, "under the order of the results that can be reached, i.e., processes, under the order of the mind." The role of the solemnity is resonated through the sukupnіє dіy, which “under the order of private purposes, as they can be seen from the main goal ... the role of the main goal is to mark the motive, which is transformed into a motive-meet”. In general, the psychological analysis sees “there are (especially) activities for the criteria of motives that spur them on. Further, we see di-processes, under the order of our goals. Nareshti, tse operations, yakі lie in the minds of the reach of meti ”A.N. Leontiev vvazha, scho tsya macrostructure reveals that characterizes the activity of internal blue, transformation, development. Shards of human activity are framed both by social factors, and by a psycho-physiological mechanism that we implement, “a systemic analysis of human activity is necessary and we also analyze it”

The concept of S. L. Rubinshtein will be on the folding links of various components of the scheme "ruh - action - operation - insertion" with goals, motives and minds of the activity of the subject. . Psychically speaks like a mindful diyalnistyu, and її obumovlyuyuche, regulating. The adequacy of vikoristannya vyroblennyh suspіlstvom methodіv is ensured by individual psychological mechanisms and transmission of procedurality, “co-regulation of the individual with reality”.

p align="justify"> The main type of human activity is work, the main characteristics of which are also recognized as the characteristics of professional (subject) activity. Remain, however, in order to respect the practice itself, and not just the singing activity of the subject, which may serve such psychological signs of practice.

1. Svіdome transferring socially valuable results. So that activity can be called labor, transfer

the result is to blame for thinking that it is positively valuable for a wide group of people, that it is socially valuable.

2. Svіdomіst obov'yazkovostі reach the socially-fixed mark. Dialnost becomes a practice in that situation, if it is not only obov'yazkovoy for the subject, but not necessarily dotsilnoy. For example, in the period of frequent organizational and structural changes, government officials can show increased activity, ensuring the preservation of their working position. But such diyalnіst, navit folded and required professional competence and social skills, can not be called a practice. For a strict sense of professionalism, the activity of public servants is less practical in the period and in the context of vikonannnya zvnіshnіh funktіnіh organіzatsії, i.e., at the hour of cherishing quiet zavdan, the social significance of these and led to the creation of a structure.

3. Svіdomy vibіr, zastosuvannya, thoroughly created znarad, zabіv dіyalnostі. The remainder of the conversation is not spontaneously chanting songs, but for understanding the knowledge of their possibilities, that encirclement of suspenseful viroblenih rules. Vikoristannya to instill such a “simple” task of practice, like a voice, in the activity of the state service, transferring knowledge to them, and to endure the liberation of the self with this tool. Whether at Que Doping VizhiStovna Kerіvnik Abo settling Zadan Pillemim, Mooletzії Voice (Guchunist, Temp, Visita, Ton), Styrin Articulatsi Marking Passing the Sobilian Putting Ta Sistor Distributing Incuriousness, and Torzhe Reagine in Rosuminnya Sensa Raymontnya Persian gestures, semantics clarifying food

4 Svіdomіst mіzhosobistіsnyh virobnicheskih fallows and vіdnosin (“live” and urechevlenih). Lyudina, as a subject of practice, takes part in this third phase, the stage of the community production of singing products and social services. Knowing that the practitioner is ahead of the nature of the social activity of people, direct and indirect connections between people at different stages of cultivation, sometimes in the middle of the hour and the expanse of interpersonal interactions of people as subjects of daily mental practice.

For example, due to objective consistency, in general, the results of the activity of the sovereign service can be presented in the same terms. Tsya furnishing can spontaneously come to a person opportunistically, rob those who especially can bring dividends to you, otherwise repair it otherwise - work is objectively necessary in this hour in these furnishings.

Otzhe, pratsa zavzhd diyalnist, but s be-yak diyalnist can be called pratseyu; Pratsya is a kind of professional activity (for example, suspіlno korisna praccia, praccia z look after a child, for an ailment), and professional activity is a kind of practice (pseudo-dialnіst, dіyalnіst іz zero socially significant zmіstom).

Entry

1. Labor activity of a person

1.1 Specifics of labor activity

1.2 Material versatility

1.3 Practice as a type of human activity

1.4 The role of practice in the development of suspіlstva

2. Contemporary practitioner

3. Problems of humanization of practice

Visnovok

List of victorious literature

addendum

Entry

Practice is the main, historically primary type of human activity. Practice is the subject of the development of various secondary sciences. Yes, look economy Pratsiyu is accepted as planned, svidoma activity from the method of reworking those that nature gives, the subject is calm. Ekonomika vyvchaє pratsyu as іz chinnikіv vrobnitstva, doslіdzhuє mekhanіzm di ії ekonomіchnyh zakonіv v sferi prіtsi, trudovі vytratі usіm stаіyakh virobnicheskogo tsikl, spіvvіdnoshennia pіvvіdnoshennia pіvіdnoshennia prakі z yogo results. Psychology cultivating the psyche of the practitioner, illustrating the peculiarities of practitioners, shaping labor attitudes and behavioral motives, psychophysiological characteristics of various types of labor activities. Pequals vyvchayut problems, pov'yazanі z pravovishche pratsіvnikiv, juridical registration of labor permits mіzh practitioners and roboticists, guardian pracі. Sociology we look at labor activity as a lot of fixings in the hour and space and a number of operations and functions that are created by people who are united by the labor organizations. Sociology of practice doslіdzhuє the structure and the mechanism of social and labor relations, as well as social processes in the sphere of practice. Philosophy comprehend the practice as a process of creation of people's minds and zasobіv іsnuvannya, in which human forces, intelligence, knowledge are infused. For philosophy, it is important to determine how a person manifests itself in this process, how he realizes himself in practice.

In this rank, the understanding of "practice" may be of primary importance in the characteristics of the succession as a whole and the same number of individuals. Otzhe, actual tsієї those sumnіvіv do not call.

Meta work: discussions and discussions on the topic of labor activity. Important things to do: look at the basic understanding of the topic; characterize practice as a kind of human activity; reveal the peculiarities of the practice of modern people and identify the problems of humanization of practice.

The work is composed of an entry, three divisions, revisions and a list of selected literature.

1. Labor activities of people

From the course of history, we know what role the work played in the formation of the historical development of people and society. What is the role of play in the life of a modern person, in the molding of special features?

1.1 Specifics of labor activity

Activity is active in the interplay of living nature with the necessary light, in the course of which it is purposefully poured into the object and for the sake of which one satisfies your needs.

Be-yaka diyalnіst include in your own metu, sobi її reach, dії, creation for reaching the goal, and the result (Fig. 1).

An invisible characteristic of activity is є її svіdomіst. The activity is the real driving force of the suspensive progress and the mental very basis of the suspense (Fig. 2).

Figure 2 - Characteristics of the activity

Main forms of activity: gra; primary activity; labor activity; dozville. The highest form of activity is work.

Pratsya- a fundamental form of activity, in the process of which the whole collection of objects is created, which is necessary for satisfaction of needs.

1. 2 Material virobnitstvo

The labor activity of people, like material manufacturing process- є one of the forms of human activity, directed at the transformation of the natural world and the creation of material goods. It is necessary for the mind to live a life of suspіlstva, shards without hedgehogs, robes, veins, electricity, likіv and impersonal various objects that people need, suspіlstvo can not be used. Such is the necessary life and various services, so it is impossible to show life, for example, without transport services. Bogolyubov, L.M. People and Suspіlstvo. Suspіlstvoznavstvo. Navch. for uchniv. 10 cells / Ed. L.N. Bogolyubova, A.Yu. Lazebnikova. - M: Prosvitnitstvo, 2002. - P.186.

If it seems "material virobnitstvo", then hang on uvazі, scho іsnuє i intangible (spiritual) production. At the first vipadku - tse speech production, for example, swivel televisions, attach or paper. The other - tse idea generation(more precisely, spiritual values). - Actors, directors created a TV show, a writer wrote a book, teaching new things in the world of today. Vidminnist between them - in created Pproducts.

The result of material vibration - various items and services. But it does not mean that the fate of the people does not take the fate of the material world. Be-yak diyalnіst people zdіysnyuєtsya svіdomo. In the process of material production, both hands and head take their part. The role of knowledge, qualifications is growing in the modern world.

At the finished look, nature gives us more than enough, it is not easy to pick up wild fruits and berries; without significant zusil it is impossible to take vugillya, naphtha, gas, wood from nature. Most natural materials are foldable. in such a manner, virobnitstvo post as a process of active transformation of nature by people (natural materials) with the method of creating the necessary material minds for your foundation. There. - P.186.

Three elements are necessary for the formation of whether a speech is necessary: the subject of nature, from which qiu river can be prepared; soobi pratsі, for the help of those who are prepared, we are here; purposeful activity of a person, її practice. Otzhe, material virilityє the process of labor activity of people, as a result of which material benefits are created, directed to the satisfaction of human needs.

1. 3 Pratsya as a kind of human activity

Pratsya words vinikaє todі, if the diyalnіst people become sensible, how the meta is implemented. Sens pracі polyagaє at the attainable results, at creativity material and spiritual blessings.

To material wealth lie food, food, clothes, living quarters, transport, equipment, servants. to spiritual blessings one can see the reach of science, science, ideology, too.

Pratsya is the main form of life of the household and the labor activity is considered in the beginning, directed to the knowledge, and volodinnya in the mind, that game activity, in what is important, not only the result, but the process itself. Vkonuyuchi trudovі її, people vzaєmodіyut, enter vіdnosini one with one and the same practice є ієyu primary category, in which everything is laid out all the variability of specific suspіlnyh yavisch and vіdnosin. p align="justify"> The social work is changing the establishment of different groups of workers, their social identity, in which the reality of practice is manifested as a basic social process. The most social reality of practice is revealed in the categories “character of practice” and “change of practice” (Appendix 1).

Labor activity is characterized by:

Vzhivannya that preparation is a good practice, їх savings for a distant vikoristannya; purposefulness of processes in practice.

Subordering the practice of stating about the product of practice - labor method, as the law determines the nature and method of labor activities.

Suspіlny character pracі, zdіysnennya yoga for the minds of spіlnoї dіyalnostі.

To reach the goal of labor activity, victorious work is carried out by various workers: various technical attachments, necessary for virobnitsia; energy and transport lines; other material objects, without any impossibly labor processes. Must stink at once take care of the work. The process of virobnitstva has an influx on item of practice, then. on materials that know the transformation. For whom different methods are established, as they are called technologies. For example, it is possible to remove foreign metal from the harvesting using the help of metalorizal control, but using the electric pulse method allows you to achieve a similar result 10 times faster. Tse means that 10 times more productive work. Won is measured by the value of an hour spent per unit of production.

Also, in the structure of practice, elements are seen (Fig. 3): Ibid. - P.18.

1) svіdomo stavіlі tsіlі - vіrobnitstvo sіvnoї produktsії, processing of natural materials, svіdоmo stavlenі і mehanіzmіv іn;

2) objects of practice - those materials (metal, clay, stone, plastic and other), on the transformation of which the activity of people is direct;

3) take care of that smart work - I will arrange everything, attach, mechanisms, attachments, energy systems, for the help of which, the objects of work are transformed;

4) victorious technologies - adopt the methods to be involved in the victorious process.

Figure 3 - The structure of labor activity

1) the productivity of work - the number of products, viroblenoy in one hour;

2) efficiency of work - spivvіdnoshnja materialіlіh і labor vitrat, from one side, that otrimanih results - from the other side;

3) rіven podіlu praci - rozpodіl specific virobnicheskih funktsіy mіzh participants in the labor process (on the scale of the suspіlstva and in specific labor processes).

In a skin specific type of labor activity, labor operations are conspicuous, as they are divided into labor priyomi, diy and ruhi. Gallery species of peculiarities of Prazi, Zoomovlenii, the subject of Pratsi, films Prazі, Sukupnіstii Vikokvyvniki Opertsіyi, ї ї Spevvizimynem, Ovezzi, ї спdvіvіv'l'yu Funkіyi (Vikovavchi, Reypsertsyіїi, Society, Tom Salary) on a timid mіstsі you can talk about free of charge. Before the new one enters the level of diversity of labor functions, monotony, smartness of work, self-reliance, level of technical equipment, spivvіdnoshennia vikonavskih and managerial functions, the level of creative abilities thinly. Changing the warehouse of labor functions and spending an hour on the їхнє vikonannya means changing the work.

Figure 4 - Cost of individual practice

1) energy, If the pracіvnik bring praci to the ruh;

2) technological - guarding that control over the movement of the subject and the benefits of work with taxes and regulation of possession;

3)managerial, pov'yazanu with the preparation of virobnits and kerіvnitstvom vikonavtsy

The main factor that influences the change of labor functions scientific and technical progress.

1.4 The role of practice in the development of suspіlstva

The role of practice in the development of people and prosperity is manifested in the community, which in practice are created as material and spiritual values, recognition of the satisfaction of people's needs, and the practitioners themselves develop, as they acquire new skills, reveal their own znabnosti, improve their health. The creative nature of the practice is to know its manifestation in the people of new ideas, the emergence of progressive technologies, advanced and highly productive materials, new types of products, materials, energy, yak, their own, to develop the needs.

From the same time, the last place of work, from one side, the market is filled with goods, services, cultural values, and, moreover, the progress of production, the emergence of new needs, and the next satisfaction.

The development of that thorough cultivation is beneficially signified on the development of the population, the promotion of material and cultural equalities. Such an ideal scheme for injecting practice into people and society, as shown in Fig. 5.

Figure 5 - Schematic role of practice in the development of people and suspіlstva

However, these processes are aware of the strong infusion of politics, international and international powers. The protagonal trend towards the development of human society is spurred by the progress of human development, the growth of material well-being and the cultural level of people, the recognition of the rights of people as the highest value on earth.

How can I be a practical worker, how can I confirm the nature of modern warfare? Tse nutrition is looked at at the offensive division.

2. Modern practitioner

Podіl pratsі yogo ogo sládnennya vede up to zakriplennya for an individual singing profession, which requires special knowledge that vmin, especially qualifications. On the basis of the same labor functions, specific professions are formed, united by a common name (for example, a turner, a waterman, a zootechnician, a doctor, a teacher, etc.).

The nature of the vimog, which hangs up to the participant of the labor activity, to lay a lot of rich chinnikiv, we are in front of a particular change of practice in the system under the labor force. Zagalni vimogi like this:

1) the practitioner is guilty of all kinds of tricks and ways of virobnitstva, from which the technological process is formed (vimogi professionalism);

2) the qualifications of a practitioner cannot be lower than that which is determined by the nature of the practice. Chim skladnіsha pratsya, tim vishchi help to special training of a participant in the labor process (vimogi qualifications);

3) as a practitioner, there is an insane amount of law on the practice of the rules of the internal labor order, on the tasks of the parameters of the manufacturing process, on obov'yazkiv, which is to be extorted from the employment contract disciplines).

Mastery, grace, literacy of the labor functions of the singing profession are called professionalism. If the robot is broken down, it often seems that it is professionally beaten. If a person allows hats, then talk about a non-professional job. Professionalism is the result of training and getting the job done.

Scientific and technical progress is increasing the role of qualified practice, which requires special professional training, knowledge, understanding, learning to win folding robots. Qualification practitioner is confirmed by a document on assigning him a rank, category, title. The one who wants to earn more, can report the zusil for the improvement of your higher qualification. It is easy for a qualified practitioner to know a good job.

To characterize the labor activity, there is a lack of qualifications. We are more important and understand disciplines.

Normal labor activities are impossible without a voluntary, well-documented practice by the skin practitioner of the rules and order of behavior in the team, obov'yazykovyh all members. Law on the practice of the rules of the internal labor order to ensure a productive working hour, a total improvement of one's shoes, a high quality of work. Vikonannya tsikh vimog і є labor discipline. Today, the versatility of the machine requires the development of the first technological regime (methods of processing the material, speed, temperature, pressure, etc.) otrimannya product іz given yakіsnimi pokazyniki. Suvore vikonannya technological standards are called technological discipline. If the undertakings are connected with each other by an agreement, initial, for example, the supply of syrovin, nap_vfabrikativ, details, knots for the production of a finished product, suvore dotrimanny minds to the agreement are called contractual discipline. Її nedotrimannya viklikає disruption of the labor rhythm of the enterprise, zboї in the workforce of the labor force of wealthy people. Vikonannya rules, norms, agreements, instructions, order of the kerіvnikіv of the selection are also called diligence. But diligence is impossible without initiatives. It is impossible for rules, orders, instructions to convey all situations that are to be blamed on the labor process. Pratsіvnik is guilty of specific minds to know the optimal solution, which allows you to do this at the same time to vikonate this order. Initiative and diligence in mutual cooperation. The order of special training at modern virobnitstv is of great importance sacred culture of the practitioner, building up to an independent vision of creative workers

Culture of practice manifest in any scientific organization. Scientific and technological progress is radically changing the position of people in the system of manufacturing: the wines are introduced between the process of creating the finished product without intermediary, become instructed and act as a controller, adjuster, and regulator. Even earlier, the person handed over the machine to the beginning of the vikonavch function (plunging in for an additional tool on the subject of practice), and then to the rukhov, the energy one. Now, at the same time, due to the short-term, non-intermediate participation of people in the process of choosing, there is an expansion of mediating types of practice, connected with the control and management and logical functions of the dedale of the greater equal, with the adoption of appropriate decisions.

The most important particularity of a class of people are those who, as a rule, use their best efforts to achieve their goals. However, collective activity does not mean that all members of the team, who create any product, win the same work. Navpaki, vinikaє nebhіdnіst podіlu pratsі, zavdyaki why yogo efficiency. Podіl pratsі in the middle of pіdpriєmstv vznachaєtsya vіdіlennyam іn technіchіchі protsesі yogo warehousing elements. Vіdpovіdno before them work functions, vіdbuvaєtsya technological specialization.

Interaction of participants in the labor process allow them to coordinate their activities, to transfer accumulations of cumulative evidence and mastery. At the scale of the entire industry, there is also a rozpodil praci, which establishes different spheres of labor activity: industrialism, the state government, the service is too thin. It is embedded in the numerals of the modern virobnitstv, specialization of enterprises of a different profile.

Scientific and technical progress - computerization, complex automation, unification of the installation - leading to the integration of industrial processes in the middle of the enterprise and to the expansion of the field of practice at the scale of the enterprise. Scientific and technological progress calls for a change in the role of people in the process of manufacturing, adding to the improvement of yoga practice.

Іstotno change the spіvvіdnoshennia between physical and rozumovy practice, physical and intellectual zdіbnosti. As earlier, the worker realized the process more importantly than physical zdіbnosti, then the folding of machines, which vykonuyut logical operations, mathematical rozrahunki just, vysuvaє first plan such human zdіbnostі, ak mіnnya stavlіnnya, setting the data, setting the situation, setting the data,

The scientific and technical revolution in the world of science is strong in its own strength of rozumovyh functions of practice, in its own growing creative cob - the ability to assess the situation and accept independent decisions. New technics and technologies stimulate the development of the human habits and at the same time raise high vimogi to the individual practitioner. So, the last pardon of the operator at the AES can become a burdensome legacy, because. Emotional stress, mental tension, growth of a sense of strength, self-discipline, self-control are here.

The growth of the informational component of the practice is connected with the growth of the pace of old information in various spheres of human activities. Zvіdsi - vymoga up to the practitioner but by building without interruption of his working life to improve and improve his knowledge.

In this way, the order of the transformations of the technical factor of variation is signifi- cantly the role of the human factor is increasing. New qualifications are emerging to become current professions, which may be right for high-tech possessions. Among them:

Building up to an abstract idea, that vmіnnya is free to grow up my informatics;

Cleverly analyze statistical and graphic information, think logically, gnuchko and quickly react to any change in the general situation;

Knowledge of some important educational disciplines (mathematics, physics, programming) is obligatory, which surpasses the level of middle school.

They said to him, what kind of practitioner is necessary to work: labor activity leads to professionalism, qualifications, foreign culture, discipline, diligence, and initiative.

At the attacking razdіlі mi dіznєmosya: naskolki trudіlnіst іdіyalnіst vіdpovidає prirodі people, yak spryає (or pereskodzhаєє) rozvitku nіmu sverdі human yakostі.

3 . Problems of humanization of practice

With the development of industrial production, people have grown up due to the rich physical demands of the hour of labor operations. However, as a craftsman, having completed the rіch, as if he had instilled in him a special mastery, as if he had manifested his special quality, a practical worker of industrial practice, in order, with the help of practice, is taken only as a factor of variation. Tse destroy the harmony of practice with the main biological and psychological rices, power development of human life. Tobto. in the process of industrial development, the human being turned into an appendage of the machine - it became the transformation of the human being into the "factor of development". The result of industrial production is called dehumanization of practice.

The most recent dehumanization of practice was seen in this organization in the system of the American engineer F.W.Taylor (1856-1915). Taylor developed a system of organizational visits, which included the timing of labor operations, instruction cards were also accompanied by a system of disciplinary sanctions and incentives for work. The differential system of payment for labor meant that a practical worker would have to drink wine, and a ledar could not take away unearned pennies.

Taylor's system was characterized by a lack of worker training and control of the labor process; to the beast of a working rhythm, and break; blaming the workers for their creative roles and the exchange of their activities for the victors. Taylor himself wrote: "... The development of the scientific organization of practice transferring the variation of numerical rules, laws and formulas, as if to replace the special judgment of the individual worker..." Vipadkіv's bіlshostі vipadkіv reported letters інstruцій, ШОО соольнує віх in detail lesson, Yaki Vinnen Vikonati, Yak і Diffasures, Shahko, Zoho Side Wickristening in Robotі "" Skin is hanging in the robot, Vіdov's іndivіdualnye arrivals roboti, trust and call to accept and accept the directives that are worthy of all the other and great acceptances of the work, as earlier they were left for special investigations. Taylor F.W. Scientific organization of practice // Scientific organization of practice and management / Ed. O.M. Shcherbanya. - M: Prosvitnitstvo, 1965. - P.217.

Although Taylor's system ensured a significant increase in the productivity of labor in their own minds, which would give the equal of material virobnitstvo to the cob of the XX century, the problem was called: how much is it possible for these technical and supple minds to humanize people?

This kind of labor process speaks to the participants, as if they dominate the machines with their special features, which denies their individuality. They are blamed for apathy, negatively put to work, as much as to be tempted, which is more than necessary.

Great meaning wash your hands. The stench turns on the steps of the unsafety of the safety of the subject and the safety of the practice, their infusion of health, mood and practicality of the people. You see such groups elements of minds work:

1. Sanitary and hygienic elements (lighting, noise, vibration, ultrasound, various vibrations).

2. Psychophysiological elements (physical tension, neuro-psychic tension, monotonous work, working posture lean).

3. Socio-psychological elements (psychological climate of the labor process, deeds of yogo social characteristics).

4. Aesthetic elements (artistic and design features of the working area, architectural and artistic features of the interior, too). Encyclopedic Sociological Dictionary / Zag. ed. ak. RAS G. V. Osipova. - M: Nauka, 1998. - P. 843.

Potentially unsafeє factori:

Physically, just like noise, vibration, movement or lowering of temperature, ionizing and other vibrations;

Chemicals - gases, bets, aerosols;

Biological ones can be viruses, bacteria, fungi.

Particularly shkіdlіvі, ekstremalnі іt pratsі (for example, vidobotok vugіllya at mines) unsafe possibility of great accidents, serious injuries, severe occupational illnesses and cause the death of people.

« crowd» - tobto. polypshennia of the minds of the practitioners, promotion of yoga culture, creation of the minds of the creative self-realization of the practitioner. Nasampered, it is necessary to use factors that threaten human health in a technical environment. Unsafe healthy people functions, operations, connected with great successes, monotonous practice, robotics are shifted to modern enterprises. Modern technological processes transfer the maximum intelligence to the practice, such an organization, if the specialty does not lead to a simple round of operations. In other words, let's talk about changing the change of practice, which at the current stage of scientific and technological progress can become different, creative.

Of special significance may i culture of practice. The followers see three components in it. In a first way, tse thorough labor middle, that is the minds, in which the labor process proceeds. In another way, the culture is brought together by the participants of the practice, the creation of a friendly moral and psychological climate among the labor collective. Thirdly, comprehension by the participants of the practice of changing the labor process, its particularities, and inspiring the creativity of the design laid down in the new engineering idea.

Otzhe, humanizatsiya to lie in the objectivity of the practice of the process of labor activity, the minds of the minds of the minds of the mind to the people.

Labor activity is more important for life, whether it be people of the field of self-realization. Here itself, those people’s zdіbnosti are fully developed, and in this sphere itself, you can assert yourself as special. The process of humanization practice expands the capacity. Bogolyubov, L.M. Suspіlstvoznavstvo: / L.N. Bogolyubov, A.Yu. Lazebnikova, A.T. - M: Prosvitnitstvo, 2008. - S. 190-191.

Visnovok

Pratsya- purposefulness of people's activity to satisfy their cultural and social and economic needs. AT structure of labor activity see:

1) svіdomo stavіlі tsіlі - vіrobnitstvo sіvnoї produktsії, processing of natural materials, svіdоmo stavlenі і mehanіzmіv іn;

2) objects of practice - those materials (metal, clay, stone, plastic, etc.), on the transformation of which the activity of people is directed;

3) koshti pratsі - I will arrange everything, fit, mechanisms, attach, energy systems and others.

4) victorious technologies - adopt the methods to get involved in the victorious process.

For Indicators of labor activity vikoristovuyut parameters:

1) the productivity of work - the number of products, turned in one hour;

2) efficiency of work - spivvіdnoshnja mateіlіnіh and trudovih vitrat, from one side, that otrimanih results - from the other side;

3) rіven podіlu praci - rozpodіl specific virobnicheskih funktsіy mіzh participants in the labor process (on the scale of the suspіlstva and in specific labor processes).

Pro zmіst labor activity a person can be judged by him functions, yakі vіn vykonuє, for the equal їхної raznomanіtnostі and folding, for the equal independence and creativity of the practitioner. Zmіst pratsі to deposit in view of the peculiarities of tієї chi іnshої mind pratsі. Changing the warehouse of the necessary operations and spiving labor functions means changing the cost of work. The main factor of such a change is scientific and technical progress.

The nature of the vimog, which is presented to the participant of the labor activity, to lie in a specific place of work in the system under the work. The nature of practice tse vydnosini mіzh participants in the labor process, scho to add to the setting of workers to work on її productivity:

1) the practitioner is guilty of all kinds of tricks and methods of variation, from which the technological process is formed ( help professionalism);

2) the qualifications of a practitioner cannot be lower than that which is determined by the nature of the practice. Chim skladnіsha pratsya, tim vishchi vimogi ( help qualifications);

3) as a practitioner, there is an insane amount of law on practice and the rules of the internal labor order, on the assignment of parameters to the manufacturing process, vikonannya goiter ( help of discipline).

Pratsya- the main development of the people, yoga is nagal need. For help, a person improves and expands his own well-being, materializes his thoughts. Pratsi is the source of the technique of practice, and the setting of people to practice, the main motives of practice.

Power of the human factor in the current world change under the influx of significant ruins in the life of the soul, and inspire the world to develop yoga ( growth of enlightenment, sacred culture, the quality of life). The perfect specialization of a worker is a systemic process. The best way to manifest itself is in connection with the transition to a new information-computer technological method of generation. Vіd nоgo vіmagаєtsya, not only a high rіven zagalnoї osvіti that professіynoї pіdgotovki, but th high moral and moral rіven. The remainder of the help becomes relevant in connection with the greater creative aspects of the labor activity of people and the increased importance of self-control and self-discipline of working people.

Labor activity is more important for life, whether it be people of the field of self-realization. Here you can assert yourself as a specialty. The process of humanization practice expands the capacity. Humanization of practice means process « crowd"- tobto. polypshennia of the minds of the practitioners, promotion of yoga culture, creation of the minds of the creative self-realization of the practitioner.

In such a rank, work is the basis of that non-authoritative mental life of people. Splashing into the natural environment, changing it to fit it to their needs, people do not only take care of their foundation, but create wisdom for the development and progress of prosperity.

List of vikoristansuїmoh literature

2. Bogolyubov, L.M. Suspіlstvoznavstvo: Navch. for grade 11: profile. rіven/L.M. Bogolyubov, A.Yu. Lazebnikova, A.T. Kіnkulkin ta іn; for red. L.N. Bogolyubova and in. - M: Prosvitnitstvo, 2008. - 415 p.

3. Bogolyubov, L.M. People and Suspіlstvo. Suspіlstvoznavstvo. Navch. for students in grades 10-11 zahalnosvit. set About 2 year. / L.M. Bogolyubov, L.F. Ivanova, A.Yu. Lazebnikova and in; For red. L.M. Bogolyubova, A.Yu. Lazebnikov. - M: Prosvitnitstvo, 2003. - 270 p.

4. Dikareva A.A. Sociology of practice / A.A. Dikareva, M.I. Irpin. - M .: Vishcha shkola, 1989. - 304 p.

5. Klimenko O.V. Suspіlstvoznavstvo: Pіdruchnik / О.V. Klimenko, V.V. Rumunin. – M.: Bustard, 2004. – 199 p.

addendum

Principal scheme of the social essence of practice

INSTUP

1. Labor activity of a person

1.1 Specifics of labor activity

1.2 Material versatility

1.3 Practice as a type of human activity

1.4 The role of practice in the development of suspіlstva

2. Contemporary practitioner

3. Problems of humanization of practice

Visnovok

List of victorious literature

addendum

INSTUP