A smear for gonorrhea, how to take it, decoding. A smear for gonorrhea: methods for diagnosing mature and vaginal parts of the nutrition of a doctor
smear for gonorrhea– collection of clinical material from the septal system, anus sputum for the diagnosis of gonococcal infection. In a smear in that chi іnshiy way, there may be manifestations of an illness.
Sound under the word smear to be smeared on the bacterioscopic examination. Vin is also called a smear on the flora. Tse method of diagnostics, if the doctor is vivay otrimaniy in the patient's biomaterial for the increase of the microscope.
Ale є y іnshі, reliable diagnostic methods. The clinical material for them is also a smear.
Indications for obstruction for gonorrhea:
- manifestation of symptoms of inflammation of the urethra
- article act s ill, what can confirm the gonococcal infection
- part of the article contacts with different partners without using barrier contraception
It is possible to build an analysis for gonorrhea and other IPSSh in our clinic.
Below we can look at how a smear is taken, how information can vary in follow-up, if you can take the results of the analyses. 
- Get a swab for gonorrhea
- Testing for gonorrhea
- How to get tested for gonorrhea
- Smears for gonorrhea: how to shy
- Provocation of gonorrhea
- PHR: gonorrhea
- Blood test for gonorrhea
Get a swab for gonorrhea
Patients often cough, as if smearing smears for gonorrhea at the medical examination.
A smear is taken from a woman from the secoviductal canal, cervix and pelvis. In girls or girls, up to the cob of stately life, smears are taken. With this, a gynecological mirror is not victorious. Prior to menarche, the diagnosis of gonococcal infection can only be confirmed with the help of cultural follow-up (bacteria).
A urethral swab is taken from people. 
Our clinic has developed a special algorithm (technique) for the collection of clinical material, for which there are no significant findings. In some clinics, where they give analyzes for gonococcus, they carry out provocation. Її to carry out with the method of improving the immunity of the pathogen.
What is it like that, how to shy away, we will discuss it further. In the meantime, let's talk, like analyzes are given for gonorrhea.
Testing for gonorrhea
What a test for gonorrhea, virishuє likar. Sound, on the back of the hand, all patients are given a smear for microscopic follow-up. Ce express test. The wine is already swishy. Once the clinical material is taken from the veins, it can be carried out under a microscope. The results of a person are taken practically immediately.
This analysis is called microscopic, bacterioscopic, or a smear on the flora. 
Assessing the clinical material, the doctor considers the number of leukocytes. With gonorrhea, a sharp increase in the number of bones is characteristic.
There are also gonococci. The stench is m_stya as vnutrіshnyoklіtinno, i pozaklіtinno. Cerezted with pairs of bean-like bacteria.
At the same time, other microbes can appear in the smear, such as Trichomonas or Candida.
Bacterioscopy- The key is the orientation of the follow-up. Nezalezhno vіd otrimanih danih, prіbnі іnshі diagnostic procedures.
The results might be like this:
- positive (є gonokoki)
- negative (no gonococci)
If there is no gonococcus, it does not mean that the person is healthy. That is why the sensitivity of the method is far from 100%. Therefore, when leukocytosis is avoided, or if symptoms of infection are evident, additional diagnostics should be carried out, using the PLR method. 
Dosledzhennya is assigned as for gonococci, and for other infections.
Another option is if gonorrhea symptoms are detected in a smear. І in this way, regardless of the obvious diagnosis, you need additional obstezhennia. Therefore, the presence of gonococci does not mean the presence of other pathogens.
Greater lower in 50% of cases in people who suffer from gonorrhea, and other sufferers of IPSSH. That is why PLR is needed for all venereal diseases, which are often affected.
How to get tested for gonorrhea
We already talked about how to take biomaterial and stars. This procedure can be unacceptable, especially for people, when taking clinical material from a local scientist.
If you want to avoid inadmissible observations, it is necessary to choose the right place, where to build the analysis. Come to our clinic. We parkan of clinical material is carried out painlessly. Until then, you can not give a smear. As a clinical material for the manifestation of gonococcus, a wounded portion of the cross section or ejaculate can be won. 
Smears for gonorrhea: how to shy
Follow-up can be carried out in different ways.
We have already talked about how the doctor is developing clinical material under a microscope. Ale gonorrhea is also diagnosed in other ways. Tse PLR and bacteriological culture.
Vrahovyuchi, skіlki fight tank posіv, most often carried out PCR. That is why such diagnostics is better. Until then, that's for sure.
The term of the applicability of a diagnostic test to fall in the first place, for example, in your analysis. If you need to show proof here that you don’t have gonorrhea, call for a new report with a term of at least 3 months old.
Smears for gonorrhea: decoding
Let's talk about how the data of laboratory diagnostics are deciphered.
First follow-up, as it is assigned, then a smear. Yoga is examined under a microscope. The doctor will immediately carry out the decryption. The norm is if there are no gonococci, if there are no ailments, and there is no increase in the number of leukocytes. In the urethra they are allowed no more than 5 pieces in the field. The presence of a lot of leukocytes to talk about inflammation.
You take away a lot of data from the decryption. Therefore, in the course of microscopic investigation, low other parameters are shown, except for the presence of gonococci. The presence of health workers of other IPSSH and transient flora. The number of epithelium, key cells, leukocytes is estimated.
During the PLR, the decoding of the results does not become an everyday fold. To that there may be more than two of them: positive and negative. In the analysis, it was indicated that there were no manifestations of gonococci in the analyzed biomaterial.
Under an hour of cultural diagnostics, the result can be positive or negative. But there is also assessed the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics.
For this to the life-giving medium, add different preparations. Let's wonder how the zone of presence of growth of microbes is changing. 
You can get stronger or weaker.
In certain vipads, the zone of growth does not change.
Vykhodyachi z tsikh parametrіv, dermal antibiotic, yaky dodavatsya in the life-giving center, hopes singing status. Він is denoted by the Latin letters S, I chi R.
If you get an R status, it means that this antibiotic does not contribute to the life of gonococcus. Otzhe, gonorrhea is not treated well with such a drug.
Status S means that the antibiotic, to which it is assigned, can have the maximum effectiveness of this alarm. By prescribing this drug, you can be sure that gonorrhea is on the rise.
Nareshti, the letter I denotes the intermediate variant. Responsiveness to the drug є, but weak.
Provocation of gonorrhea
Different methods of diagnosing gonococcal infection may differ in information, sensitivity and specificity.
Provocation- the same method of increasing sensitivity is lasting, as it does not always allow you to show gonorrhea, to instill like a person's illness on the same sickness. We are going to go about bacterioscopic examination. In some cases, smear microscopy gives sensitivity, close to 100%. Tobto, like gonococci, the stench will be revealed at any time.
It is possible in case of occurrence of advancing factors:
- human patient
- smear taken from the urethra
- at the time of taking the clinical material, there was a large number of urethral visions
But there are other situations that reduce sensitivity. Won can sometimes become 50-60%, or less.
In women, gonorrhea is more important, lower men. The stench of pathology can affect like the urethra, and the pihva, cervix, internal organs. Vision is often seen in significant quarters. It is especially important to detect gonococcus, as a swab is taken from the mouth and rectum. Most sensitive - with asymptomatic gonorrhea.
Schob її pіdvishchiti, zastosovuє provocation. Tse complex of entries, yak allow to increase the sensitivity of the follow-up. The method of provocation is the reach of gonococcal infection. It is hoped that the gonocococcal population will grow, and it will be easier to detect them in a smear.
There are many kinds of provocations:
- chemistry
- mechanical
- biological
- alimentary
- thermal
- physiological
Often їх to eat among themselves, to achieve the best effect. Chemical provocation in a different state is different.
In people, the sichovipcal canal should be injected with 0.5% nitrate.
In women, the cervix of the uterus should be coated with 5% sribl nitrate, and the urethra with 2% nitrate. As an alternative, you can use Lugol's victories.
Mechanical provocation is shown only to people. She transfers physical activity to the walls of the urethra. For whom before her, a bougie is introduced on a sprat of fluff.
Biological method of intravenous administration of gonococcal vaccine. The recommended dose is 500 million bacterial cells.
Alimentary provocation I believe in the fact that the doctor recommends people to get used to it, as if they are being shrewd.
Price zha:
- saline
- fat
- gostra
Thermal provocation- Tse warming up of sechostate organs.
Physiological provocation is important to take swabs from women at the time of menstruation. Really, be like provocations, the Daedals will be more likely. The rest of the investigations will show that provocations do not in any way affect the sensitivity of diagnostic tests. Apparently, there is no sense in winning them.
PHR: gonorrhea
The most common way to confirm gonorrhea is to follow up on PCR. There can be a kіlkіsnim chi yakіsnim.
In fact, it may be possible to win the exact test. Therefore, the number of bacteria in the structures of the urogenital tract does not matter. It goes into the therapy regimen.
Gonococo- unambiguously pathogenic microorganism. Vin cannot be present in the systemic system in the norm. Therefore, the manifestation of a large number of copies of DNA is a direct indication to antibacterial treatment. 
The amount of bacteria also does not contribute to the scheme of antibacterial therapy. Trivality to the course and dosing is determined solely by the localization of the infectious process.
It is easier to enjoy gonococcal lesions of the urogenital tract, pharynx and rectum. Higher doses stagnate when the eyes are inflamed. Trivale is shown for aggravated gonorrhea.
PLR is carried out in a rich swidshe, nizh bak pos_v. At whom doslіdzhennya is more precise. For PLR, you can buy any biomaterial. For example, a swab from the sac, pharynx, anus, slash, prostate secretion, etc.
Blood test for gonorrhea
Sometimes they ask the doctor what can be determined by the blood of gonococcal infection. Theoretically, it is possible. For example, it is rare to win the Bordet-Jangu reaction or IFA. Ale tse method may be obmezhene zastosuvannya.
Yogo vikoristovuyut at times of gonococcal infection of extragenital localization. Moreover, if the pathogen is found there, it is impossible to take smears. Therefore, blood tests - ce serological follow-up. 
The stench of directing the titer of antibodies to the alarm clock. Qi antibodies are synthesized in different regions, regardless of localization of infection. The stench at the bedside can be appointed for additional reactions.
The appointment of a race for blood analysis is a great rіdkіst. It is rich to inspire great laboratories to start not to conduct research. To that there is no special drink on the new one.
How to test for gonorrhea
Getting ready for gonorrhea for a number of days. Keep everything in order, as the gonococcal infection is diagnosed.
Different analyzes are carried out in different ways.
At microscopy the result can be taken away in a second. To that already, for a sprat of whilin, after taking a smear of a doctor, you can look at it under a microscope. The following is the shortest, but at the same time the least reliable.
The optimal method of diagnosis remains PLR. Tse doslіdzhennya shvidko be carried out, and there may be more sensitivity among the middle of the methods. The results can be taken from the coming day. That is why it takes only a few years to carry out the PLR. Laboratories allow us to speed up the process.
Your analysis should be reviewed by us in front of you, so you will pay extra for the terminology. 
Therefore, the data of laboratory research can be taken from the first day, for a year.
Nareshti, found to be carried out cultural heritage. It stays for 3-4 days. If the result is positive, further testing of susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs should be carried out.
And here the diagnosis is more advanced. One more day is added to the term. Itself through the trivality of the dosledzhennya the tank of sowing zastosovuetsya to finish it rarely.
Vіn is needed less in case of depression, if:
- a person could fall ill in the end
- infections are not common
- ailment of a postmenopausal woman
The tank of posіv also zastosovuєtsya at different ineffectiveness of the course of antibiotic therapy. The antibioticogram helps to choose the right drug. That is why in the course of investigation it is shown that the greatest sensitivity of the world is up to some antibiotic races.
If you need to give smears and other tests for gonorrhea, come to our clinic.
Our achievements:
- the availability of the most recent laboratory findings, which may be the most sensitive
- taking tests without pain, including taking swabs from people with urethra
- high qualification of doctors
- the possibility of an anonymous obstezhennya and likuvannya
We specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of state infections.
We have certified venereologists, who are ready to give first class medical help.
Gonorrhea is called venereal disease, which often becomes the main reason for the development of various ignition processes of the female organs. This disease is called gonococcal infection.
In contact with
Most often, gonorrhea is transmitted from a person to a woman for a few hours, in case of unsafe bacteria, they are consumed from the pharynx, the stars penetrate the uterus, cervix, ovaries and tubes. Nadali gonokoki zdatnі hit the rectum and sechivnik.
If women are to be swabbed for gonorrhea
The main symptoms of infection with gonorrhea are liver and liver damage, as well as purulent vision. In the rest of the hour, to clear up the expansion of the asymptomatic overrun of various gynecological diseases, the middle ones, which are transmitted by the path.
In other words, there are no pathological visions due to such illnesses, so it is difficult to treat it as normal visions without the task of analysis. In case of a chained break, the disease is not afraid of pain in the stomach, disruption of the menstrual cycle, bleeding, so the skin woman needs to regularly conduct a prophylactic examination at the gynecologist and get tested.
The main indications for a smear test for gonorrhea are:
- bezpіddya;
- presence is a sign of acute inflammation;
- presence of chronic urogenital infections;
- pathology of vaginess;
- mimic abortions;
- the presence of a state partner with urogenital infections.
How to get ready for a smear test
As a gynecologist, having acknowledged a smear from pichvi, it is necessary:
- take a look at the statutes one or two days before the time of the decontamination;
- pripinit syringing and vіdmovitysya vіd be-yakіh sobіv іntimnoї іgієni 2-3 days before obstezhennia. It is recommended to miti state the organs with warm water;
- zupiniti vikoristannya be-yakikh likіv at viglyadі pills, candle chi sprays for tyzhden to obstezhennya. Vynyatkom є ti vipadki, if їх vikoristannya zazdalegіd zamomovlen z doctor-gynecologist;
- in the evening before the obstezhennyam it is necessary to carry out the hygiene of state organs. On the day of obstezhennya vrantsі podmivatis not required;
- try to go to the toilet two or three years before the smear.
A bacteriological smear from the penis is most often carried out at the first few days after the end of the month or up to the first cob. As the months rose by the day, it was recognized that it was cold, it is necessary to try to reschedule the visit to the doctor.
How to take a swab for gonorrhea
In order to carry out an analysis for gonorrhea, a small amount of mucus and mucus taken from the cervix, cervix, and also from the sciatica is small. The most common bacteriological smear is taken for an hour of simple examination by a gynecologist.
At the very beginning of the eye, the doctor should introduce a gynecological mirror at the pihva, pick up for a rosemary, for the help of such a vein, you can open the walls of the pikha. Through the sight of a cold third-party object, the introduction of a mirror can be an unacceptable procedure. In order to make the work of the doctor easier, it is necessary to try not to strain, dihatively evenly and deeply.
After a gynecological examination of the cervix and walls of the uterus, the doctor will take a small number of views from the uterus, the cervical canal, and the uterus. Fight for the help of special sterile swabs. Selected vision of the doctor-gynecologist should be applied on a special slope for the help of tampons, after which they are sent to the laboratory, there they are harvested and vibrated for the help of a microscope.
How many smears are being prepared for gonorrhea. Call the smear results ready on the same day in a couple of years or in one to three days. Sometimes, depending on the results of the primary examination of the gynecologist, the doctor can praise the decision about those that need to recognize some additional analyses, such as cytology and colposcopy.
The most common smear for gonorrhea is easily tolerated, even more convenient. In rare cases, after looking around at the gynecologist and taking a smear for gonorrhea, a woman may have a slight dull pain in the lower abdomen, or a small miserable sight of pikhvi. Everything is pripinyaєtsya for the kіlka years.
Varto go back to the gynecologist, so after a few days after a gynecological examination, the following symptoms are observed:
- trivalі pain, scho to pull, in the lower abdomen;
- temperature;
- chills;
- bloody vision.
Smear for gonorrhea under the hour of vagity
In times, if the woman is vaginal, there are ways to smear gonorrhea. For anterior diagnostics, take a smear on the flora from the urethra to the cervical canal, the leakage of such an examination becomes less than 30-70%.
The next method is a smear of PLR (polymerase lanzug reaction), ale vin can often give a pardon result. The most reliable method is bacteriological testing, which allows detecting gonorrhea in 95% of cases.
Іsnuє pevna group riziku:
- contracted gonorrhea to the point of vaginess;
- the presence of any other infections that are transmitted during the state act;
- girls, like to lead an active state of life for up to 25 years;
- the presence of an active status life from the early age;
- the girls were introduced to the barrier method of contraception.
At your own discretion, the doctor-gynecologist can recognize whether there is additional evidence.
The result of a smear test for gonorrhea
Deciphering the results of the analysis is simple. For the results of the bacteriological examination, write: gonococci were detected (not detected). As an option, the visnovka may have written: detected (not detected) gram-negative diplococci, which means the same. Gram-negative diplococci are a descriptive characteristic of sick people.
Visnovok after cultural investigation is guilty of mischief about those, which are the manifestations of a microbe and in which size (massiveness of its growth), which antibiotics are sensitive denmarks and infectious disease.
Deciphering a smear for gonorrhea is the responsibility of the fakhivtsy, so the correct interpretation of the results is important. The least inaccuracies and lack of respect for the building can be brought up to pardoning the diagnosis and recognition of the wrong.
In this way, a smear for gonorrhea is carried out with a gynecological examination. Most of the wines are carried out easily and do not call for any complications. It is necessary to give a smear test for gonorrhea because of the presence of symptoms of a disease.
We encourage you to also marvel at the videos about those, how to properly prepare for the future task of analyzing for infections, which are transmitted by the state way:
Gonorrhea is an infection that is transmitted by the state path, as if it were the enemy of the sechostate tract. The wake-up call for the infectious process is gonococcus, a bacterium of the genus Neisseria. The main symptoms of inflamed, vulcanized gonococci, vision of the urethra (sich canal), bіl and liver during sichovizannі.
Gonorrhea is diagnosed through laboratory data. Priming less on the clinical picture, it is impossible to confirm that the urethra is seen to be caused by the gonococcal infection itself.
The key methods that are victorious in the diagnosis of this disease are bacteriological. They include bacterioscopy (additional smear under a microscope) and cultural follow-up (sowing of bacterial flora on the living medium).
Bacterioscopy
For bacterioscopy, a smear is taken from the organ, in which there are signs of gonococcal inflammation. Biological material (mucus, rot) is applied to the object and is prepared by a special warehouse. The doctor examines under a microscope the drug from the method of revealing it in a new patient of gonorrhea.
Gonokoki nasty poses are taken by the body of a person. To that, it is important to feed, how many hours to pass between the moment of taking a smear and the cob of yoga. Ideally, this interval is not guilty of revisiting 15 minutes.
Gonokoko looks typical. When gonococcal flora is detected in a smear in that case, if a person has a typical clinical picture of ailment, the diagnosis of gonorrhea is considered confirmed.
Bacterioscopy is a good, quick and cheap diagnostic method with simple deciphering. Proteo s different causes of gonococci can not be treated. Therefore, the presence of gonorrhea in a smear does not include gonorrhea.
Cultural heritage
The cultural method is most often victorious in parallel with the bacterioscopic method. It is the essence of the fact that from the sichovipusny canal chi of other organs of vision are seen, tobto. be applied to a special life-giving medium.
At this midpoint, during the necessary hour (sound until Monday), a colony of microorganisms grows. Lively middle ground to avenge all the necessary speech for the development of this type of microbial flora. At the thermostat, de є cultivating bacteria, p_dtrimuєtsya v_dpov_dny temperature regime.
In addition, as the colonies were formed, for their dominance (shape, color and other signs) it is possible to determine which bacterial organism has created them.
The Danish method also allows the determination of the susceptibility of gonococci to antibiotics.
Cultural investigation - a high-precision method for diagnosing gonococcal infection. This is a short period of time for vikonannya (the analysis is carried out close to the next day).
Zvіdki take a swab
A smear is taken from organs in which gonococcal infection is suspected. In humans, and in women, it can be sechivnik, oropharynx, rectum, conjunctiva of the eye. A smear in women, in cases of overexposure of anatomical zones, may be taken from the pelvis and cervix.
How can a person complain about the classic symptoms of gonococcal infection, that is. vision from the urethra, the material for bacterioscopy should be taken from a sechivnik. The classic overrun of gonorrhea in women in most cases of depression is manifested by urethritis, colpitis (inflamed penis) and cervicitis (inflamed cervix). Therefore, a smear for the bacterial flora is taken from the urethra, pikhvi and cervix.
Sampling technique
A universal rule for women and for people is that the material for bacteriological analysis may be taken on the cob when I receive an antibiotic.
Before going to the laboratory, a necessary toilet for the state organ (mittya z darling). Before taking a smear, it takes 2-3 years to get used to the sechovi- sion. Directly at the laboratory, wipe the head of the penis with a sterile servlet.
Take analysis for gonococcal flora with a special swab probe. The technique of taking a smear for gonorrhea in people is simple. If rot is clearly visible from the urethra, then inserting a tampon deeply into the septum is often not necessary. In case of chronic gonorrhea, if the vision is wretched and low in memory, the tampon is inserted into the middle of the urethra by 3 cm and is checked there for 10 seconds. The procedure is not so sick, it is uncomfortable, it is easily tolerated by all patients.
Preparing to the finish line for women is similar to pre-training for people. Necessary toilet of the sechostatic organs and morning after the sechovi- sion is 2-3 years old.
The collection of biological material is required for the additional help of a tampon, which is introduced into the septum and/or the uterus and the area of the cervix.
Deciphering the results
Deciphering the results of the bacteriological examination is to be done with a downtime. According to the results of bacterioscopy, the doctor writes: revealed (not detected) gonococci. As an option, Wisnovka may say: gram-negative diplococci were detected, which means the same. Gram-negative diplococci are a key characteristic of gonorrhea patients.
Visnovok for the results of cultural research to collect information about those, what kind of microbe of manifestations, in what quantity (massiveness of growth) and what kind of antibiotics is sensitive.
A smear for gonorrhea is the best way to detect venereal disease. The procedure is vikonuetsya like in women, so in cholovіkіv, however, there may be a lot of authority. Before folding the analysis, it is necessary to know how to properly prepare for the new preparation, in order to obtain the most accurate results.
How to prepare for a smear for gonorrhea?
Before taking the analysis, I need to ask, what is the smear for gonorrhea? Vіn є vіn є vnbhіdtja nebhіdnі for dolіdzhnіnі biomatіalії z vіnі vіdnії mucosal membrane of statuіh organіv. If there is a suspicion of gonorrhea of the oropharyngeal type, a swab can be taken from the throat, rectum, or apples of the eyes (as a child is obstezhuetsya).
In advance of the procedure, women need to take into account a number of rules:
- Do not join the link at the link 1-2 days before the obstezhennia.
- For a day before the biomaterial is taken, do not take in any medicinal preparations.
- Take the best care of intimate hygiene for 2-3 days before taking a smear, stop drinking more clean water.
- At the day of the building, the analysis is not supported.
- For 2-3 years prior to the procedure, you need to get out of the toilet.
In times of non-conformity, if you want one of the refurbishment points, the woman is obliged to obov'yazkovo reconfirm the doctor.
A smear cannot be performed before the hour of menstruation. It is best to analyze the first few days after the completion of menstruation, or before the її cob.
Training of people follows the same principle. It is necessary for both sexes to carry out a final toilet of the state organs (without zastosuvannya sweet, helive toshcho) before the task of analysis.
For the chronic form of illness, provocation of gonorrhea may be indicated. The doctor conducts a special visit to ensure the exit of the gonococcus on the mucous membrane of the sechostatic system, which is easier to decompress.
Bacterioscopy
Gonokok vіdrіznyaєtsya nestiykіstі posture human body, to dosledzhennya due to carry out stretching 15 minutes after taking biomaterialu.
Bacterioscopy (followed by the Gram method) - taking a smear from the organ, may show signs of gonococcal inflammation. In women, the cervix of the uterus and the mucus membrane melt in such cases, in men - the urethra. The rejected material is subdivided on the subject scale and is covered by special methods. To reveal the gonorrhea alarm (Neyser's gonococo), fakhivets look at the vision under the microscope. When walking on aphids of an erysipelas color, it is easy to show brighter gonococci (photo below).
Bacterioscopy allows you to quickly take the necessary result, however, in some cases, gonorrhea may not appear (as a material for follow-up sampling from the patient's cervix). Therefore, the absence of gonococci in a smear should not be known about the presence of venereal disease.
How to take a swab from women
Smear for gonorrhea indications in various situations, including vaginess. Before this building, it is important to know, biomaterials are taken, and some traces of it. In women, the fahivets penetrates from the place of the greatest accumulation of mucus that is seen - from the womb, the cervix, the sciatica. To make it easier to look at the uterine cervix and open the lining of the uterus, the doctor or the nurse should insert a gynecological speculum near the vagina.
The procedure often reveals unacceptable symptoms, the majority of symptoms do not show up. Patients need to relax as much as possible and not collapse, in order to make it easier to get access to the necessary nurseries, that necessary biomaterial for the required amount.
In order to take the necessary material, put in sterile medical tampons or plastic spatulas. After taking the necessary amount of mucus, apply it on the subject, and send it to the bacteriological laboratory. As a rule, a visnovok about the day or the presence of an ailment can be taken from the doctor in 2-3 days.
Most of the time, the procedure is tolerated without complications. In some cases, it is possible to have a weak dull pain in the lower abdomen, or smearing visions of the stomach. Such unacceptable appearances pass independently for a long time after analysis.
As if the camp does not get better for a few days, the temperature of the body rises in pain, the chills that see the house of blood appear - the situation leads to the death of the doctor.
Taking a smear for gonorrhea from people
In people, taking a smear for gonorrhea is different, but in women. The algorithm is simple. Perebuvayuschie in the office, the patient once again wash the state organ and resolutely rub it dry. A special probe is introduced into the urethra immediately after the cessation of the urethra.
The material for analysis is taken at a depth of a few centimeters and is accompanied by wraparound ruhi, through which the patient can be blamed for pain. Which is more pronounced, the ignition process proceeds, the stench is warm, the prote in the greater fluctuations is tolerably tolerated.
After the manipulation is completed, the probe is removed, and the material taken away is prepared for laboratory investigations. Often after taking a smear, a person continues to experience discomfort, especially when it is more painful. To relieve discomfort in the first days after analysis, it is recommended:
- drink analgesics;
- take a warm shower and bath today;
- to live a sufficient amount of rіdini (protizapalny vіdvar іz chamomile leaves);
- wear white lightly from natural fabrics.
In the case of an injured person, it is necessary to call the doctor and go through the medical examination.
How to carry out doslidzhennya mazkiv on gonokok?
Crim bacterioscopy, go into the pursuit of other techniques. Often follow-up smears for gonorrhea are carried out by the method:
- RZK (complement binding reactions).
- Immunofluorescence.
- Sending the material.
In mixed infections, gonococcus can be identified by a path of immunofluorescence reaction. At the process of seeing the patient, they are heated and filled with a special warehouse, building glow (fluorescence). When viewed under a microscope, the gonococci become kindly commemorated, as if looking at the brothel, which glows, round in shape.
The submission of the material (bacteriological investigation) is considered as reliable as possible. Wines are often carried out in case of a negative result after bacterioscopy, in cases of complicated situations. Visions of the patient, which are being treated, hang on Wednesday with living speeches (ascites agar). For a period of 5-7 days, we are vigilant for the possible growth of colonies of gonococci. As such, the diagnosis of "triper" is considered to be confirmed.
The background of the material does not only help to establish a reliable diagnosis, but also to determine the choice of appropriate antibiotics. The Danish method of directing on the manifestation of resistance of microorganism to different types of medicinal preparations and is now easier to go further away.
In case of vaccinity, sowing on gonococci should be carried out for a few times: at the stage of taking on the appearance, on the 28-30th of the month, and without the middle in front of the canopies.
Deciphering the results
Outside the state institutions, you can get a gonorrhea infection at independent medical laboratories (Invitro, Helix). The price of the service is affordable, and the results are the most reliable and reliable.
Deciphering the results of obstezhennya - the robot of the doctor-venereologist. The norm demonstrates the presence of the gonococcal stick (GN). As a smear analysis to confirm the illness of gonorrhea and the presence of gonorrhea, it appears as follows:
- the number of leukocytes - 10-20;
- the presence of gram-negative bacteria (positive diplococci);
- change in indications of mucus (greater than 1+), to speak about inflammation of the infectious type;
- increased the number of epithelium.
Symptoms of gonorrhea infection often overlap with other venereal diseases. To this end, a comprehensive follow-up of the vaginal flora, which also includes trichomoniasis, chlamydia, is carried out. Due to the presence of trichomonas or chlamydia, diagnosis can be complicated, which requires the reduction of these microorganisms.
Timely analysis of gonorrhea is even more important. The carelessness of setting up to good health, and the progression of ill health, lead to the worst consequences - acute peritonitis, prostatitis, impotence, bezplydya, gonorrheal sepsis.
Gonorrhea is an important infectious infection of the systemic system, which is transmitted by the path. It attacks the mucus membranes of the liver and the internal organs, which provokes the appearance of a vision from the urethra, I will overthrow that liver when I see the vials. Analysis and diagnosis of gonorrhea help to reveal the ailment of the ailment - gonococcus of the genus Neisseria, and also to show sensitivity to various groups of antibiotics.
Main methods of diagnostics
Gonorrhea, or in the people "triper" - is a disease, the first one is similar to other bacterial infections, so it is impossible to establish a residual diagnosis only on the basis of the patient's actual examination and the symptoms present in the new one. Comprehensive diagnosis of gonorrhea is required, including bacteriological methods:
- bacterioscopy: taking a smear for gonorrhea and visualization under a microscope;
- cultural analysis: bacteriological analysis of microflora
Bacterioscopy
To conduct this analysis for gonorrhea, it is necessary to take a view from the sechivnik (in men) or the cervical (in women) canal. Apply a smear on a sterile subject and fill it with chemical reagents, which allows you to detect bugs after a bagatorasis infection with a microscope.
A small amount of such a technique is the fact that it is not always possible to carry out it quickly. And gonokoki pose the human body to bend with a stretch of 15 strands, after which it is impossible to reveal them.
IMPORTANT! Mіzh smears taken and nadhodzhennyam їх to the laboratory may pass no more than a quarter of a year.
The sonic appearance of gonococcal microorganisms is characteristic, for example, a smear for gonorrhea in people or women, having shown their presence, the diagnosis can be confirmed. Today, it is similar to obstezhennia - the most popular and most affordable method for diagnosing gonorrhea, which can be built at any polyclinic.
Cultural heritage
Sometimes they blame super-evident situations: the clinical picture of the triper is daily, and the decoding of analyzes for gonorrhea shows that it is a daily routine. Such a result cannot be considered as confirmation of a healthy patient, it is only a drive for additional diagnostics.
Cultural conditioning is most often carried out simultaneously with microbiological analysis. In urology and gynecology, wines can also be called bacpos. Yogo zavdannya - place (place) mucus from state organs in a special life-giving medium, de microorganisms begin to actively multiply. The whole process for an average loan takes 5-7 days. If colonies of pathogens are formed, they grow for obvious signs and signify a microorganism that has created them.
IMPORTANT! Crimean gonococides, cultural diagnostics help to detect other pathogens: chlamydia, mycoplasma, Trichomonas, fungi, etc.
Bacterial culture is a high-precision laboratory analysis, which makes it easy to identify a pathogenic pathogen, and also to show sensitivity to antibiotics, tobto. understand that some groups of strong-smelling speeches are the most accommodating. This deciphering is a normative document that forms the basis of the residual diagnosis and the selected therapeutic method of treating ailments. Ale, no matter how high the reliability of the obstezhennia, I may not be able to sum it up - it’s a long time ago.
Blood follow-up
Krіm smears, if you take a urologist or a gynecologist, you may need a blood test for gonorrhea. The most popular clinical manipulation in suspected triperitis is the Lantzug polymerase reaction (PLR). Another technique is LCR - ligase Lanzug reaction. The task is to reveal the DNA structure of gonococci in the blood. The advantage is the fact that the stench can work even more quickly, and at the same time accuracy can be high. It is possible to carry out PLR at any clinic, LCR - only at specialized great diagnostic laboratories (for example, Invitro, Helix, Citylab). The minus is important for the variety of analyses.
IMPORTANT! As the disease may be chronic in nature, when diagnosing vicorist, use the Bordet-Gangu method: serological follow-up, which allows the identification of antibodies to a pathogenic microorganism.
If the development of gonorrhea is at an early stage, if the worker has not yet reached the phase of active growth, use the method of provocation of gonorrhea. For this state, the organs are treated with sribl nitrate, and smears are taken through the doba, moreover, the stench is to blame for three times with a difference of 24 years.
When obstezhennі on triper next to give also severe blood tests and sections. The doctor does not rely on their results when the alarm is revealed, but the decoding of the building will show the general picture of a healthy patient. Vivchivshi norms of SHOE and leukocytes, the doctor of understanding, like a shkoda, the infection of the body and the intensity of the igniting process led the way.
Features of the fence smears
Smears for gonorrhea in women and people - how do they smell? The algorithm of the technique is even simpler: when looking at the doctor with a special sterile instrument, conduct a scraping of the mucus from the organs of the body. Zvіdki fahivets brother smears? The representatives of both articles still have empty:
- sechivnik;
- oropharynx;
- Back passage;
- conjunctiva of the eye.
Also, a smear for gonorrhea in women can be taken from the pelvis and cervical canal. Because in girls, gonorrhea often manifests itself as symptoms of inflammation of the pelvic organs (colpitis, urethritis, cervicitis), and it is indicated to take swabs from three empty spaces: pichv, urethra and cervix.
An important aspect of obstezhennia is taking swabs from children. A child can also be infected with gonorrhea from grown-up fathers by contact - through a path through the process of gently sloping from an infected mother. The triper attacks not only the organs of the baby, but the mouth, throat, eyes, rectum and intestines, and deep spleen. The obstezhennya is carried out in a similar way, showing caution when taking a smear from a girl: it is important that the host of the cytoscutis not damage the color.
How to take a smear
So that the results were accurate, important and correct preparation before taking a smear. The first rule is to perform all analyzes required on the cob for taking antibiotic preparations. It is important to have a home toilet of state organs - it is very important to minimize, but without stagnation of antibacterial agents: it is antiseptic, which can damage gonorrheal microorganisms.
IMPORTANT! Before passing the analysis, the remaining samples of the sich mihur may pass at least two years.
In humans, the laboratory assistant's robot uses a special probe, a tampon, inserted into the urethra. Because in case of triperie mayzhe, there is always a presence of rotten light, a deep introduction is not necessary. Carrying out such a parkan is not more painful, but it is uncomfortable to do it. For girls, the procedure is less unacceptable: a cotton swab is placed on the required organ for a few seconds, allowing it to seep through the vision. 
Smear for vagity
Dosledzhennya for gonorrhea - one of the obov'yazkovyh analyziv, scho enter the medical examination when the girl is placed on the appearance of a vein. As it is negative, additional activities are not carried out. As if suspecting the presence of a health worker, a gynecologist-obstetrician should send the patient for additional follow-up: blood donation, bacterial culture.
Obov'yazkove komplekshennya obstezhennya chekaє on tih women, yakі go to the group risk for the presence of the tripper. Tse:
- women who suffered from gonorrhea until conception;
- if they suffer from other diseases: trichomoniasis, chlamydia, herpes virus, etc.;
- how to lead a lifeless state of life;
- may have close contact with gonococa-infected people.
Decryption of taken results
Skіlki rush to doslіdzhennya? The results of the smear should be ready for a few years, sometimes the term of the preparation of the loan takes 2-3 days.
Fahivets is engaged in deciphering laboratory data. At the letterhead, next to the column “gonococo”, there is a note: it was revealed or it was not revealed. So, depending on the type of pathogen, it is necessary to indicate the stage of this growth and that group of antibiotics, which microorganism can be sensitive.
The next stage is the choice of therapy. Treat gonorrhea slid obov'yazkovo, tk. This pathology belongs to socially unsafe groups of ailments. Therapy should be carried out with antibiotics at home, all preparations of the drug are taken independently, based on the data of laboratory diagnostics and the patient's general life.
It is quite possible to choose triper as much as possible, so that you can reach all medical recommendations and, if necessary, approach the procedure of treatment. It is possible to escape the infection, so as to reach the purity of the state links, regularly undergo medical treatment, treat all the sickness every hour. It is not possible to analyze the presence of state infections without any cost today, but it is necessary to remember that your health is the price of well-being and a long happy life.
Doctor sexopathologist-andrologist of the 1st category. Head of the Kherson center of the Ukrainian Association of Family Planning.
