Pokhodzhennya old words'yan short zmist. History of words - golovnі taєmnici
The Slavs are the largest ethnic community in Europe, but what do we really know about them? Historians dossi sperechayutsya and about those who stink like, and about those, de bula їhnya batkіvshchina, and zvіdki came self-name "slov'yani".
Pohodzhennya words'yan
Іsnuє impersonal hypotheses about the movement of words. Htos to bring them to the Scythians and Sarmatians, who came from Central Asia, htos to the Aryans, Nimtsiv, and others and zovsim to be compared with the Celts. Usі hypotheses like words can be divided into two main categories, one directly opposite one. One of them is a good version of the "Norman" house, which was hung in the XVIII century by the Germans Bayer, Miller and Schletser, although similar ideas appeared earlier in the period of the reign of Ivan the Terrible.
The essence of it was in the attack: the words were the Indo-European people, which, if they entered the "Nimets-Slov'yanska" spln_st, but they came out of the Nimtsiv at the time of the Great Migration of Peoples. Yaks leaned on the periphery of Europe and attacked the onslaught of Roman civilization, the stench even stood at the rosette, flooring, which could not create a powerful state and asked the Varangians, then the Vikings, to rule them.
The basis of this theory is the historiographic tradition “About the Years of Time” and the famous phrase: “Our land is great, rich, but there is no order in it. Come prince and rule over us.” Such a categorical interpretation, which was based on an obviously ideological subversion, could not but provoke criticism. Today's archeology confirms the emergence of international cultural links between Scandinavians and Slavs, but it is hardly possible to talk about those who played a vital role in the formation of the old Russian state. Ale superechki about the "Norman" pojzhennya words'yan and Kievan Rus' do not smell, and dosi.
Another theory of the ethnogenesis of words, however, has a patriotic character. I, before the speech, she is a rich old woman for the Norman - one of the founders of the Croatian historian Mavro Orbіnі, who wrote, for example, the XVI-ear of the XVII century, the work under the name "Slovian kingdom". The look of the new one is even more extraordinary: to the words “yan vin vіdnіs vandalіv, burgundiіv, gotovyi, ostgothіv, visigothіv, gepіdіv, getiv, alaniv, verlіv, avarіv, dаkіv, swedіv, normanіv, fіnіv, ukrov, marcomanіv, kvadіvіrіvіlіvіv and others: "All the stinks were of the same word'yansk tribe, as you will see from afar."
The last exit from the historical fatherland of Orbin dated 1460 BC. Little stench did not overtake him: “The Slovians fought mayzhe z usima with the tribes of the world, attacked Persia, ruled Asia and Africa, fought with the Egyptians and Oleksandr the Great, supported Greece Macedonia and Illiriya, occupied the Czech Republic, Moravia, Poland ".
Yoma was echoed by a lot of court scribes, who created the theory of the reversal of words from the ancient Romans, and Rurik from the emperor Octavian Augustus. In the 18th century, the Russian historian Tatishchev published the title of “Joakimovsky Litopis” in such a way, which, in contrast to “About the Past Years”, ottognuvav words from ancient Greeks.
Offenses from theories (when there is truth in the skin of them), two extreme nights, as if the authorities were free to interpret historical facts and records of archeology. They were criticized by such "veletny" vіtchiznyаїhistoria, like B. Grekov, B. Ribakov, V. Yanin, A. Artsikhovsky, stverzhuyuchi, that the historian is guilty of his accusations not on his likeness, but on facts. On the other hand, the historical texture of the “ethnogenesis of words”, and until this day, the flooring is not perfect, which leaves impersonal options for speculation, without the possibility of residual smut on the smut of the question: “Who are these words?”.
For the people
The problem of historians - the age of words of the Jansk ethnos - has come. If the words were still seen as a single people from the Western European ethnic "cataclysm"? The first test of evidence on the chain of nutrition lies with the authors of "The Story of the Past Years" - Chance to Nestor. Taking the biblical paraphrase as a basis, and recounting the history of the words of the Babylonian creation, which divided the people into 72 peoples: Mavro Orbіn, a fortune-teller, generously bestowed words on the Yang tribes with a couple of thousand of histories, dat ing the їhnіy іz іz istoricheskoї batkіvshchina 1496 rock: Later, after subordinating their rule of Sarmatia, the word-Janian tribe was divided into kilka kolin and took away different names: venedi, slov'yani, anti, virli, Alani, Masayti…. ... In short, seemingly, the words of the Janskian language are felt from the Caspian Sea to Saxony, from the Adriatic Sea to the Nimetsky, and in the middle of these borders lie the words of the Janskian tribe.
I realized that there weren’t enough similar “visuals” for historians. Archaeology, genetics and linguistics were studied for the development of the "wik" of the words. The results, far from the reach of modest, but still results. According to the adopted version, the words lay down to the Indo-European sleepiness, yak, more than everything, they came from the Dnipro-Donetsk archaeological culture, near the inter-Iridian Dnipro and the Don, at this thousand roki in that same hour of the stone age. Year after year, having poured in the culture, expanding on the territory from the Wesley to the Urals, wanting to accurately localize it, so far no one has come a long way. Vzagali, speaking about Indo-European spіlnіst, it is not a single ethnos but a civilization, but the influx of cultures that linguistic similarity. Nearly 1,000 years before ours, there were three groups of minds: the Celts and the Romans on the Sunset, the Indo-Iranians on the Skhodі, and here in the middle, near Central and Skhіdnіy Europe, one more group was seen, from which the Germans, the Baltics words'yani. From them, approximately in the 1st millennium BC, the words of the Jansk language began to be seen.
But there is little evidence of linguistics alone - due to the unity of the ethnic group, the advance of archaeological cultures can be uninterrupted. In the lower lanka, in the archeological language of words, it is customary to take into account the so-called “culture of the dead burials”, which took the name out of the name of the cremation of the remains of the great vessel, the Polish “flare”, tobto “upside down”. Vaughn founded in the V-II centuries BC between the Vistula and the Dnipro. For some sensi, one can say that її noses were early words. Itself z it goes to reveal the decline of cultural elements right up to the old words of the early Middle Ages.
Praslovyanskaya Batkivshchyna
Where, after all, the word-yansk ethnos was born, and how can the territory be called “quietly word-yansk”? The records of historians vary. Orbіnі, relying on a number of authors, stverdzhuє, scho words'yani came out of Scandinavia: "May all the authors, blessed is the pen of those who have brought to the surface the history of the words of the Yang tribe, stverzhuyut and lay, that the words have come out of Scandinavia ... Japhet's Naschadki Noah's sina) were destroyed in Europe on a pіvnіch, penetrating into the country, as if they were called Scandinavia. There, the stench multiplied indefinitely, as St. Augustine instructed at his "City of God", de writing, that the blue and blue patches of Japhet were mali two fathers and occupied lands, roztashovanny on the pіvnіch in the mountains of Taurus near Kіlіkії, along the Pivnіch ocean, half of Asia British Ocean."
Nestor naming the ancient territory of words - the land beyond the lower flow of the Dnieper and Panonia. The drive for the settlement of words on the Danube was attacked by Volohiv. “According to rich hours, the essence of Slovenia was along the Danube, de є ninі Ugorsk land and Bulgarian.” Zvіdsi і Danube-Balkanskaya hypothesis of the movement of words.
Have your own prikhliniks and the European fatherland of words. So, the great Czech historian Pavlo Shafarik, having taken into account that the prabatyvschina of words is necessary to be found on the territory of Europe by land from the disputed tribes of the Celts, Germans, Balts and Thracians. Vіn vvazhav, that in ancient times, the words occupied the great territory of the Middle and the Middle Europe, the stars were frightened beyond the Carpathians under the onslaught of the Celtic expansion.
I founded a version about the two proto-Batkivshchina of the words, zgіdno with some first pra-bіvshchina there was a place, de the pra-slov'yan language was formed (between the lower flow of the Niman and the Western Dvina) and there, deforming the author’s mind itself (on the word it happened slowly from the 2nd century BC) - the pool of the river Visl. Sounded already zahіdnі those skhіdnі words'yani. The first settled the area of the river Elbi, then the Balkans and the Danube, and others - the banks of the Dnieper and the Dniester.
The Vistula-Dniprovsk hypothesis about the origin of words, although it is abandoned as a hypothesis, is still the most popular among historians. Її mentally confirm the mystical toponyms and vocabulary. As if to believe in “words”, that is, lexical material, the ancestral home of words was located on the side of the sea, near the forest plain zone with swamps and lakes, as well as at the borders of the river, which flows into the Baltic Sea, judging by the ancient Slavic names of the fish - salmon vugr. Before the speech, the regions are already familiar to us with the cultures of the graves of the graves, according to these geographic signs.
"Slov'yani"
The very word "slov'yani" is a riddle. It’s already lived in the 6th century of our land, admittedly, the Byzantine historians often have riddles about words at this hour - don’t create good-natured courts of Byzantium. In the words themselves, this term is already victorious as a self-name in Serednyovichchi, accepted, as judged from litopisiv, including according to the "Post of Time Litas".
Prote yoga hodzhennya dosi nevidome. The most popular version, which looks like the same as the word “word” or “glory”, which involves one Indo-European root ḱleu̯- “chuti”. About tse, before the speech, writing and Mavro Orbіnі, schopravda, in power yoma “arranged”: “for the hour of their residence in Sarmatia, they took the stench (words) of their own “words”, which means “glorious”.
There is a middle linguist version, which I will call the landscape by its self-name word "yani goiter". Imovirno, in the basis of the toponym "Slovutich" - another name for the Dnipro, which is to avenge the roots of the meanings of "wash", "cleanse".
The version about the presence of a link between the self-name "slov'yan" and the Middle Greek word "slave" (σκλάβος) called out to the noise of its hour. Vaughn was even more popular in the middle of the western centuries of the XVIII-XIX centuries. Basically, the idea is that the words, as one of the largest peoples in Europe, became a significant number of brothers and often became an object of the slave trade. Today, this hypothesis is recognized as a pardon, the shards on the basis of "σκλάβος" stood for the Greek word for the meanings of "get military trophies" - "σκυλάο".
The Slovyansk alphabet is young for many other writing systems. Їy "all" three more than a thousand years. Vaughn vinikla not as a result of a step-by-step thoroughness of the already clear alphabet, but was specially created in the middle of the 9th century at the court of the Byzantine Patriarch Photius by the great man of his hour Kostyantyn the Philosopher. Zgod won bula called "glagolitic". Through the pіvstolіttya vinylla one more word'yansk abetka - "Cyrillic". At її the foundation was laid by the Greek alphabet, which was familiar to that hour, to which new signs were added, which meant the specific sounds of the words of the Jansk language. This is how the word-Janian alphabet became, which gets used at once.
The emergence of writing was not a vipadical undertaking, as it became the will of a large number of people. Youmu reblowing the old path of the development of the Slavic tribes from the tribal harmony to the early feudal powers. At the same time, at the rest of the stage, vinyl was needed by the created high-quality writing culture, without any earlier words, a lot of hundreds of years did. We wonder how the words lived before the advent of writing, which called out the need for winemaking, that for such furnishings there was vinyl.
Old men of words have lived in Europe for a long time. The stench came there from the II thousand years before the new era at the warehouse of the old European sleepiness, to which they entered, besides them, the bearers of the future Italian, Celtic, German, Baltic and Illirian languages. Todi stink became a little divided among the dialects of modern spіlnіst, the middle ones like the tribes made constant contacts. As an independent ethnos, the Slavs were formed in the middle of the 1st millennium BC as a result of the interaction of a part of the ancient European population with small foreign groups that penetrated the territory of Europe, yak diverging into the Mistsevy population.
Vcheni vvazhayut that a handful of words lingered on the lands near the pool of the river Visl. It is worth noting that if the ancient Slavic language became independent and developed its own development of other languages, the Slavic tribes of Mali were also in contact with the Balts, Germans, Iranians, Celts and, Ymovirno, Thracians. At the pivnіchny entrance, the words of the Germans were bouldered by the German tribes, at the pivnіchny gathering of the words, the Baltics stuck around, at the pivdenny gathering, the stench intermingled with the fractions, which were then seen by the Scythians (random population). From the first day before them, the settlements of the ancient Europeans adjoined, as if they were still rooting for that hour.
You can admit that the words of the population were called "venets". Tsya was named until a deep antiquity, for an hour the foundation of a long-standing European sleepiness. That was the name of the population of the Pivnіchnoi Adriatic. The ancient writers were familiar with the Celtic tribe of the Venetians near Brittany, rooted by Caesar for an hour of trips to Galii in 58-51 years before the new era. Another Celtic tribe "Veneli" lived near the peninsula-western Normandy, here, between the Alps, Helvetia and Norik, the Celtic tribe "Vennoni" lived. One of the Ligurian tribes was called "Veneni", and one of the Alpine tribes - "Vyanni".
In all of these ways, we can rightly follow the archaic name of the ancient European tribes. Slov'yani or їх significant part could also mother such a name. The very same pіd tsim іm'yam at the early middle dzherelakh stench in the house like a judge of the Germans. Tse ethnіchne іm'ya words'yan was saved to the deyakih dialects of many Germanic tribes, social and movami Finnish groups.
In the other half of the 5th - 6th centuries of the new world, words are spreading on the great territory of Pivdenno-Skhidnaya Europe in the lower Danube and Prykarpattya at the entrance to the Siversky Dintsya at the exit. At this time, another name of the words was saved - "anti". The historian prepares Jordan at his work, completed close to 551 fate, reminiscent that the successor of the Gothic king Germanarikh (died at 376 r.) Vinitariy sent the army to the earth antiv. At the first battle, Vіnіtarіy buv of perseverance, and yet they gave vіn wins of antiv and roses of their leader God.
The name of the "anti" non-Slovakian adventure. It’s better for everything, it can be Iranian or Indo-Iranian travel and signify quiet, who “sacks on the outskirts”, “cordon residents”. Ready-made historian Jordan says: "Anti are expanding from Danastre to Danapr ...". In this rank, the inhabitants of the 4th century were called ants, as they lived near the forest-steppe region between the Dnistrom and the Dnipro. Here there was an interplay between the words of the Yang and Iranian tribes: the center was near the Scythians, and the word of the Yenian world. "Anti" is not a self-name of words. Vono originated among the random population of Pivnichny Pivnichnogo Prychornomor'ya for the recognition of their susіdіv. Behind the archeological signs of the stink one can see up to the Penkiv cultural and tribal grouping.
Jordan talks about one word of the Yang tribe - "Skloveni". Vіn write that the "wealthy tribe of Venetіv" in the house of Ninі "under three names: Venetіv, antiv and sclavenіv". Sklaveni live "in the place of Novientuna and the lake, which is called Mursiyansky, to Danastra, and on the pivnich - to Viskli". The place Novyentun is marked by the modern past with the place Neviodun on the Savi River, and Lake Mursijane - with Lake Balaton, and the old place of Murs is in the same order. In this manner, the tribe of "Slavens" lingered between the river Savoy at the entrance, the Vistula at the beer and the Dnistr at the exit. Tsya words'yansk spіlnіst vіdpovіdaє prazko-korchatskiy archeological culture.
According to the Byzantine historian Procopius of Caesarea (1st half of the 6th century), that Yordan word-yansk tribes first guess at their names. "Skladenі" on vіdmіnu like "venetіv" and "antiv" - the self-name of the words. It's true, it's not up to the whole world of words, but to the great tribal grouping. The choice of the name of the tsієї was hung up with a sprinkling of hypotheses. It is established that "-to-" in this word is inserted. The most controversial hypothesis is the one that puts the self-name "Slovene" (as it is conveyed in early letters) from the understanding of the "word". Tobto "Slovene" - tse "clearly speak" or "people, yakі vodіyut word", to vіdmіnu vіd "nіmtsіv", scho not vodіyut words'yanskoy mine, that's "nimikh".
Podіl svítu svіtu svіtu Serednyovіchchya on venetіv, antivі і slaven not maє zhnіshnogo vіdnoshnennia to pіznіshogo poіlі svіt 'yan on zahіdnyh, skhіdnyh і vіvdennyh. All archaeological materials clearly show that the modern subdivision of the word into three groups is the product of the latest historical development and does not have a direct fallow in the dialect-tribal subdivision of the Proto-Slovian period on the cob of the Middle Ages. Jordan, who writes about veneti, anti and clans, it seems that words became not three tribal associations, but much more. Warehouses and anti - tse names of the tribes that settled in the vzdovzh pivnіchnyh and pivnіchno-skhidnyh cordons of Byzantium, and to that found the Byzantine authors. Jordan explains that "if their names are now changed to different births and births, it is still important that they are called sklavens and ants."
Vіdnesennia to tsієї splnostі okremih mov є sprіnim. Німецький вчений Г. Крае дійшов висновку, що в той час як анатолійські, індоіранські, вірменська та грецька мови вже відокремилися і розвивалися як самостійні, італійські, кельтська, німецька, іллірійська, слов'янська та балтська мови існували тільки у вигляді діалектів єдиної. Long-time Europeans, who lingered in the Middle Europe on the Pivnich in the Alps, vibrated the savage terminology in the hallows of the strong state, social connections and religion. Introducing the Russian linguist, academician O. N. Trubachov on the basis of the analysis of the words of the Jansk vocabulary of pottery, blacksmithing and other crafts, they developed a visnovka, which carried the early Slavic dialects (or their ancestors) in the hour when the vіdpovіdna termіtalіkіоmіy was formed Central Europe. The Orientation of the Kremlin of the German Languages in the Baltic and Proto-Slovak Jansk Ages of the 7th Century. to the sound e. (according to the low linguist scores - a lot earlier), but in the very mindset, there are practically daily exact methods of chronological linking to historical processes.
Early Slavic lexicon and life of Praslovian
We tried to try to put in the words of the "Janian prabatkіvshchina" in order to analyze the early Slavic "Janian" vocabulary. At the thought of F. P. Filina, the words of the people grew up in the forest conflagration with a great number of lakes and pains, far from the sea, mountains and steppes:
“Razmaїttya in the lexicon of the Zagalno-Slovakian movi name for various lakes, it hurts, it hurts, it speaks for itself. Occurrence among the native words of the yansk movi different names of creatures and birds that live near the forests and swamps, trees and roslins of the peace forest-steppe zone, ribs, typical for the waters of the tsієї zone, and at the same time in the same hour in the the seas - all these are unambiguous materials for a singing visnovka about the prabatkivshchina of words... ... "
The Polish botanist Yu. The Slavs of the Western European Indo-European name yew were transferred to willow, willow and did not know modrini, yalits and beech.» Beech- taken from the German language. In today's era, a wide cordon of beech falls approximately on the Kaliningrad-Odessa line, probing the file in archeological knowledge, pointing to the wide area of beech in ancient times. In the Bronze Age (in the Middle Holocene in Botany) the beech grew practically on the whole territory of Northern Europe (Crimea Pivnochi), in the Eastern Age (Piznіy Holocene), if the thought of more historical forms of the words "yansky ethnos, the remaining parts of the beech Coastal Sea, Caucasus, Krim, Karpaty. By such a rite, as a milestone for the ethnogenesis of words, Belarus and the pivnichna and central parts of Ukraine can be. On the pivnіchny entry of Russia (Novgorod lands), beech grows in the middle ages. Bukovy lіsi ninі wider near Western and Pvnіchnіy Єvropі, in the Balkans, Carpathians, near Poland. In Russia, beeches grow in the Kaliningrad region and the pivnіchny Caucasus. Yalitsa in a natural medium not growing on the territory of the Carpathians and the shid cordon of Poland to the Volga, which also allows localization of the old words here in Ukraine and Belarus, as a rule of linguists about the botanical lexicon of ancient words.
All words of the yansky language (and Baltic) have a word Linden for the recognition of one and the same tree, the stars are screaming about overlapping the area of the expansion of the linden with the fatherland of the Slavic tribes, but because of the great area of \u200b\u200bthe tsієї growth, the localization is spreading to the greater part of Europe.
Baltska and old slovyanska movie
Map of the Baltic and Slovian archeological cultures of III-IV centuries.
It should be noted that the regions of Belarus and pivnіchnoy Ukraine lie up to the zone of wide expansion of the Baltic toponymy. A special study of Russian philologists, academicians V. N. Toporov and O. M. Trubachov showed that in the Upper Dnieper region the Baltic hydrogens were most often decorated with the words of the Yang suffixes. Tse means that the words appeared there later for the Balti. Tsya superechnіst znіmaєtsya, as if to accept the thought of some linguists seeing the words of the Jansk movie from the general Baltic.
From a glance of linguists, according to the grammatical mode, and to other ostentatious people, the ancient Slavonic language was closest to the Baltic language. Spіlnimi є, zokrema, rich words, yakі are not used in other Indo-European language, including: rock(hand), golva(Head), lipa(Linden), gvezda(star), balt(Swamp) ta іn (close є up to 1,600 slіv). The name itself Baltic derived from the Indo-European root *balt- (standing waters), which may be common in Russian swamp. The greater width of the English language (words "Yansky" and "Baltic") is respected by linguists by a natural process. V. N. Toporov, having taken into account that the Baltic movies are the closest to the new Indo-European movies, the same as other Indo-European movies were seen at the rosette in the cob mill. On the other hand, the Proto-Slovakian language was a Proto-Baltic pivdenno-peripheral dialect, a kind of transition from the Proto-Slovakian language approximately from the 5th century. to the sound i.e. and then we rose independently from the ancient Slavic language.
Data of archeology
The study of the ethnogenesis of words for the help of archeology is faced with such a problem: modern science is not able to prostegize to the very beginning of our eri change that decline of archaeological cultures, which can be taken to the words of their ancestors. Okremі archeologists accept deyakі archeological culture at the borders of our eri for words'yanskі, a priori knowing the autochthonicity of words'yan on this territory, to navіt yakshcho її inhabited in vіdpovіdnu epoch іnshі people zgіdno with synchronous historical records.
Slovian archeological culture V-VI Art.
Map of the Baltic and Slavic archeological cultures of the V-VI centuries.
The appearance of archeological cultures, known to most archaeologists by the words of the Janskians, is only known until -VI centuries, indicative of the advancing close cultures, geographically divided:
- Prazko-Korchatskaya archaeological culture: the area stretched in a swarthy way from the upper Elbi to the middle Dnieper, sticking on the pivdni from the Danube and the upper Wesley. The area of the early culture of the 5th century was surrounded by the Pripyat basin and the upper Dniester, the Pivdenny Bug and the Prut (Western Ukraine).
Vіdpovidaє mіstsyam residing slavіnі vіzantіyskih avtorіv. Characteristic signs: 1) crockery - potters of hand-made molding without embellishment, other earthenware frying pans; 2) dwellings - square dugouts with an area of up to 20 m² with stoves or in the middle in a kutka or gravel budins with a pichchyu in the center 4) the presence of inventory at the funerals, the speech is less pronounced; daily brooches and brooches.
- Penkiv archeological culture: range from the middle Dniester to the Siversky Dintsya (a tributary of the Don), hoary right bank and left bank of the middle part of the Dnieper (territory of Ukraine).
Vіdpovіdає mozhlivym mіstsyam residing antivіvіzantіyskih avtorіv. They are so called Antsky treasures, who know bronze cast figurines of people and creatures, painted with enamels at special shirts. The figurines in the style of Alanska, although the technique of the most frequent enamel came perhaps from the Baltic states (nayranishi znahidki) through the provincial-Roman art of the European Sunset. For a different version, this technique has spread to the world within the framework of the early Kiev culture. The prazko-Korchatsky culture of the penkivska is reminiscent of the characteristic shape of the miners, the outstanding richness of the material culture and the commemorative influx of the nomads of the Black Sea. Archaeologists M.I. Artamonov and I. P. Rusanov, the Bulgars-cultivators were recognized as the main bearers of culture, adopted at the її cob stage.
- Kolochin archeological culture: range near the basin of the Desnya and the upper Dnieper (Gomel region of Belarus and Bryansk region of Russia). Admire on pivdnі to prazkoї and penkіvskoy cultures. Zmіshuvannya zone of Baltic and Slavic tribes. Despite being close to the Penkiv culture, V.V. Sedov considered it to be the Baltic hydronism, but other archaeologists do not recognize it as a sign of ethnic origin for archaeological culture.
At II-III Art. Slavic tribes of Przeworsk culture from the Vistula-Oder region migrate from the forest-steppe regions of the Dniester and Dnipro rivers, populated by Sarmatian and Pizno-Scythian tribes, which belonged to the Iranian modern group. At once, the movement of the German tribes of the Gepidiv and Goths to the pivdenniy skhіd, as a result of which, from the lower Danube to the Dnipro forest-steppe left bank, a political Chernyakhiv culture is formed with the re-importance of words. A new ethnos is being formed in the process of the words of the Mystic Scythian-Sarmatians in the Naddniprianshchyna, and in the Byzantine dzherelakhs, as an anti.
The middle words of the Yangan anthropological type are classified as subtypes, connected with the participation of the ethnogenesis of the words of the tribes of the various tribes. The most common classification indicates the fate of the formation of the words of the Jansk ethnos of two European races: pivdennoy (shodo broad-faced mesocranial type, covers: Czechs, Slovaks, Ukrainians) and pivnіchnaya (shodo broad-faced dolikhokranny type). The fate of the Finnish tribes in the ethnogenesis was fixed at the pivnochi (importantly, through the assimilation of the Finno-Ugric peoples in the process of expansion of the words into the skhid), that they gave the deyak a Mongol house to the skhidnoslovyansk people; on pіvdnі buv pіsutnіy skіfskiy substratum, designations at the craniometric data of the tribe of polyan. Prote not Galyavins, but the Drevlyans designated the anthropological type of the Ukrainians of the future.
Genetic history
The genetic history of all human beings and other ethnic groups is shown in the diversity of the human state Y-chromosome, and in the non-recombinant part itself. Groups of Y-chromosomes (an old designation: HG - haplogroup) carry information about a sleeping ancestor, but as a result of mutations they are modified, the haplogroups are different, or, in other words, the accumulation of these other mutations rose in the chromosome . The genotype of the people, yak I Anthropologist Budova, do not zbiga with the ethnic Identiface, Ale Shvidzhezhazi Migratsіini processes of the great groups in the era of the Paleolite, the vitality of the people who are in the place of the people.
Letters of evidence
Slov'yanskі tribes first appear at the Byzantine writings of the VI century under the names of the slavs and antiv. Retrospectively in tsikh dzherelakh anti zgadanі in the description of podіy IV Art. Imovirno to the words'yan (or the ancestors of the words'yan) one can see the Venedi, about the yaks, without identifying their ethnic signs, reminded the authors of the Roman hour (-II century). Larger early tribes, designated by the moderns in the area before the birth of the words of the Jansk ethnos (middle and upper Podnіprov'ya, pіvden Belarus), could contribute to the ethnogenesis of the words'yans, but the steps of the contribution to the ethnogenesis were left without due diligence due to the lack of tribal traditions I, so і for the exact boundaries of the residence of these tribes і vlasne praslov'yan.
Archaeologists know the geographic and Timchasian appearance of neurons in the Milograd archaeological culture of the VII-III centuries. to the sound e., the range of which expands to Volin and the basin of the Pripyat river (pivnіchny entry of Ukraine and pivdenna Belarus). From the nutrition of the ethnic affiliation of the milograds (Herodotian neuros), the thoughts of the vchenih were divided: U. U. Sedov recounted them to the Balts, B. A. Ribakov bachiv among some of the ancients. There are also versions about the fate of the Scythians-tillers in the ethnogenesis of the words, founded on the names, which they called bear an ethnic (belonging to Iranian tribes), but an ugly (belonging to barbarians) character.
At that hour, as the expedition of the Roman legions led the civilized world of Nimechchyna from the Rhine to the Elbi and the barbarian lands from the middle Danube to the Carpathians, Strabo in the description of Skhidnaya Europe on the pivnich of the Prychornomor'ya is covered with legends, chosen by heroes. Strabo, who critically comprehends the available views, directly stating about the white flame on the map of Europe on the crossroads of Elbi, between the Baltic and the mountainous lance of the Western Carpathians. However, vin povidomiv important ethnographic vіdomostі, pov'yazanі z appearing in the western regions of Ukraine bastarnіv.
Who would not have been ethnically the bearers of the zarubinetskoy culture, they would have been prostzhuetsya in the early monuments of the Kievan culture (it was classified as piznyozarubynetska), the early Slavic to the thought of a great number of archaeologists. For the admission of the archaeologist M. B. Shchukin, the bastarny themselves, assimilating with the local populations, could play a commemorative role in the ethnogenesis of the words, allowing the rest to see the so-called Balto-Slovak "Janian" sleepiness:
“A part of [bastarniv] ymovirno, lost its place in the world and order with representatives of other “post-Zarubinets” groups could then take a part in the collapsible process of the words of the Yan ethnogenesis, bringing to the formation of the “zagalno-slovak” movi like “centum” elements, like a word in the yang vіd їх balts balto-slovyanskih ancestors.
“I don’t really know how to bring spіvkinіv, venedіv and fenіv to Germans and sarmatіv, really […] Wendi adopted a lot from their vdachas, for the sake of a hornbeam, they go through the forests and mountains, as if they are only known between spivkins [bastarns] and fens. However, you can zarahuvat them to the Nimtsiv, to that stench sporadzhuyut their budinki, wear shields and put on clothes, and before that, with a great swidkistyu; tse vіdmezhovuє їhnyu vіdmіnіst vіd sarmatіv, іkі spend uѕt life аt vіzku i konі.
Acting historians will hypothetically admit that it is possible for Ptolemy to guess among the tribes of Sarmatia and words to create them stavani(per day per vessel) and suloni(On the right bank of the middle Vistula). Pripuschennya obґruntovuєtsya spіvvzvuchchiam slіv i areas of residence, scho intermingle.
Slov'yani ta guni. V century
L. A. Gіndіn аnd F. V. Shelov-Kovedyayev vvozhayut most primed words'yansk etymology of the word strava, pointing to the same meaning in the Czech “funeral benquet” and Polish “funeral benquet, commemoration”, while allowing for the possibility of Gothic and Hun etymology. German historians try to spell out the word strava from the Gothic sûtrava, which means a bunch of firewood and possibly a funeral bagattya.
The preparation of chovnіv by the method of dovbannya is not in the way, the words are powerful only. term monoxyl zustrіchaetsya in Plato, Aristotle, Xenophon, Strabo. Strabo points out to dovbannya as a way to prepare chovniv from a long time ago.
Slavic tribes of the VI century
Indicative of the close controversy of the sclavins and antives, the Byzantine authors did not point to the old sign of the ethnic podіla, the Crimea of different places of residence:
“In both of these barbarian tribes, all life and laws are the same […] In those and others, one and the same language, dosit barbarian. And at a glance, the stench does not look like one kind of one […] I if you inspire them with the clavens and antivs, they were the same. In ancient times, offenses among tribes were called disputes [Greek. rozіyanimi], I think to the one who stinks lived, occupying the country “sporaden”, “rozіyano”, surrounded by settlements.
“Beginning in the city of the people of the river Vistula [Vistula], in the worldless expanses, a wealthy tribe of Venetivs flourished. Although their names are now changed in a different way to different births and births, all the same, it is important that they are called sklavens and ants.
In the "Strategikon", the authorship of which is attributed to the Emperor Mauritius (582-602 pp.), there is information about the place where words lived, which are related to the manifestations of archaeologists of early Slavic archaeological cultures:
“To settle in the forests, or else there were rivers, pain and lakes - ignited in the places of great access […] The rivers flow into the Danube […] . Because the stench is in the forests, or in the swamps, or in the forests, which are overgrown with an outline, then they often strike, that the expeditions are against them, that they are trampling, and right on the borders of their volodins, the turmoil of zupinity, to that all the expanse in front of them is impenetrable and other ."
Vіyna is ready with antami to come here near the Pivnichny Prychornomorskoe for example of the 4th century, as if to be attached until the death of Germanarikh in 376 years. Food about anti in the Black Sea is folded like a point of dawn for deacing historians, like bachils in the cich ants of Caucasian Alans or ancestors of adigiv. Prote Prokopij expands the area of residence of antiv to the city on the pіvnіch vіd the Sea of Azov, even without an exact geographic reference:
“The people who live here [Pivnichne of the Sea of Azov] used to be called Cimmerians, and now they are called Utigurs. Dali, pivnich in them, occupy the lands of the unknown tribes of antiv.
Procopius spoke about the first raid of antiquities on Byzantine Thrace in 527 (the first reign of Emperor Justinian I).
In the most recent German epic "Vidsidi" (the name of which is perverted from the -V century), the list of tribes of pіvnіchnії Єvropi zagaduyutsya vinedi (Winedum), but there are no other names of the words of the Yan peoples. The Germans knew the words under the ethnonym Vendian Although it is impossible to turn off the situation, naming one of the Baltic Baltic tribes, close to the Germans, was transferred by them in the era of the Great Migration of Peoples to the word "Janian ethnos" (as it happened in Byzantium with the Russians that ethnonym). Scythian).
Letters from a dzherel about the journey of words
The world of civilizations has been recognized about the words, which had been blasted before by the warlike nomads of Northern Europe, if the stench reached the cordons of the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantines, yakі poslіdbіvіl hvіlі barbarian heaps, perhaps not іnrazu іnіtіfіkulyа slov'yan yоkremia ethnosі і did not voіdomlyali legends pro yоgo viniknennya. The historian of the 1st-7th half of the 7th century Theophylact Simokatta called the words getae (" so for the old hours they called these barbarians”), Obviously zmіshuyuchi Thracian tribe of Getіv zі slov'yanami, scho they planted their lands on the lower Danube.
Long-standing Russian literature on the beginning of the XII century "The Tale of Time" to know the fatherland of the words on the Danube, there, where the Byzantine writings of the dzherel were fixed:
“After a rich hour [after the biblical Babylonian creation] the forces of the words of the Danube, now the land of Ugorsk and Bolgar. In the midst of these words, the words rose through the earth and were called by their names in the place, de force. So some, who came, settled on the river named after Morava and were called Morava, others were called Czechs. And the axis of these words is: there were Croatians, Serbs and Horutani. If the Volokhi attacked the words of the Danube, and settled among them, and squeezed them, then the words and forces came to the Vistula and were called Poles, and in the midst of the quiet Lyakhs came the Poles, and the Poles - Lutich, and the others - Mazovians, and others - pomoryan. So the very number of words came and the forces along the Dnipro and were called glades, and the others - Drevlyans, more they were in the forests, and the other forces between Pryp'yattu and the Dvina that were called Dregovichi, the other forces along the Dvina were called Polochans, according to the river, which flows into the Dvina, which is called the Polota, in the presence of which they were called Polochans. Those words'yans, which were the strength of Lake Ilmena, were called by their names - words'yans.
Independently, in accordance with the scheme, the Polish chronicle “Great Poland Chronicle” follows, talking about Pannonia (a Roman province that lies up to the middle Danube) as a fatherland of words. Before the development of archeology and linguistics, historians used to come from the Danube lands as a place for vindication of the Slavic ethnos, but now they recognize the legendary character of the tsієї version.
A glance and a synthesis of data
In the past (Radyansk epoch), two main versions of the ethnogenesis of the words were expanded: 1) this is the name of the Polish, which shows the proto-Batkivism of the words of the Wisli and Oder; 2) autochthonous, under the influx of theoretical glances of the Radian Academician Marr. Reconstructions a priori recognized the word's nature of the early archaeological cultures in the territories inhabited by the early Middle Ages words'yans, and the ancient times of the word'yansk movement, which independently developed from the pra-ndo-european. The accumulation of data in archeology and in the light of patriotic motivation in the past led to the development of new versions based on the seen localized core of the formation of the Slovak ethnos and the wide migration path on the sum lands. Academic science has not singled out a single point of view on those de same if becoming the ethnogenesis of words.
The results of geneticists also confirm the prabatkivism of words in Ukraine.
As the expansion of early words from the region to ethnogenesis was observed, migrations and settlements in Central Europe follow the chronological development of archaeological cultures. Call the ear of expansion induce the migration of the German peoples to the arrival of the resettlement of the German peoples from the bik pivdnya; At the beginning of the 6th century, words went to the Danube, and further away their history is described in the letters of the 6th century.
Inclusion of other tribes in the ethnogenesis of words
The Scytho-Sarmatians plunged into the formation of words through trival geographic land, and then they poured in the data of archeology, anthropology, genetics and linguistics, basically having surrounded themselves with vocabulary words and victories of horses from the state. Behind the data of genetics, the distant ancestors of some nomadic peoples are not included, they are called by the common name Sarmatians, and words at the borders of the Indo-European sleepiness, but at the historical hour, peoples evolved independently from each other.
The contribution of the Germans to the ethnogenesis of words for anthropology, archeology and genetics is insignificant. At the borders of the region of the ethnogenesis of the words (Sarmatia), there were water-cremations in the place where the Nimts lived in the singing zone “mutual fear” behind the words of Tacitus. The foundation of the uninhabited region between the Germans and the proto-Slavs of Shidnoy Europe is confirmed by the commemoration of archeological monuments from the Western Bug to the Niman near the first century AD. e. The presence of similar words in both movs is explained by the single journey of the Indo-European era of bronze doby and close contacts in the 4th century after the cob of migration was ready for the day.
Notes
- Additional notes by V. V. Sedov “Ethnogenesis of Early Words” (2002)
- Trubachov O.N. M., 1966.
- F. P. Pugach (b. 1962). Z dopovіdі M. B. Shchukin "Narodzhennya slov'yan"
At the turn of the 3rd - 2nd millennium BC at the period of the Bronze Age, if the swedish rosette of the Indo-European tribes was enchanted with metal projectiles, the stench began to brew one kind of one and speak Indo-European dialects. The tribes, which were scribbled by the words of the Yang govirka of the Indo-European language, miraculously understood those of their own Indo-Europeans - the Germans and the Baltic tribes. Close letters of the word "yansky dialect" and iranian language, which were spoken by the Indo-Europeans, who lived on the same day in the future words "yan.
Ale de well lived tsі ancestors of the words, who were the closest succes?
It has been established that in the 2nd millennium BC. i.e. the ancestors of the words, even though the deyak peoples were divided, lingered here between the Balts, Germans, Celts and Iranians. The Balti lived on the pіvnіchniy zahіd vіd slovyan, the Germans and the Celts - on the vіdіnі vіd them, on the pіvnіchny skhodі lived іndоіranіnіkі tribes, аt the ріvіnіі іvdіnі ііd іd - the Greeks, іtalіki.
At the II thousand years to the stars. e. we are the ancestors of the words, as if they occupied the majestic territory of Northern Europe. Their center, like before, is overflowing with land along the Vistla river, and yet migration stretches right up to the Oder river on the Sunset and the Dnieper on the Skhodі. Pivdenny cordon of this settlement rests in the Carpathian Mountains, the Danube, the pivnіchna part of the river Pripyat.
Until the middle of the 2nd millennium, the process of consolidating the native tribes, which settled in their own places, among the great ethnic groups, began to emerge.
From the other half of the 2nd millennium BC the one-manhood of the ancient Slavic world is being destroyed. The European tribes have a bronze armor, and in the middle one sees a team of warriors. Everything should be brought to the point of strengthening the military activity. The era of war is coming, conquest, resettlement. At the turn of II and I millennium BC in Europe, new spіlnosti appear, which are formed for an hour from different tribes, where some tribes are poured into others. New groupings of old words are at the same time in two places.
One of them was planted in the peninsular half of Central Europe and christened the Western part of the Proto-Slavic world and part of the Celtic and Illyrian tribes. Tse grouping on long-term rocky took away the name of Venediv.
Near the skhіdnіy part of the pre-Slovian svіtu, the grouping is formed from the center near the Middle Podnіprov'ї. The very district of us tsіkavit the most, shards of the same here appeared similar words і vinikla power Rus.
Here rіlle farming becomes the main occupation of the ancients; on the cob I thousand years to the stars. i.e., the stench is already open to the melting of the bay from the swamp and lake ore. Tsya the situation sharply changes the їhnіy butt, which allows you to successfully master nature; conduct defensive and offensive wars.
3rd hour, 30th - 7th century to the sound That is, we begin to talk about that gulka of words of the yansky world, as if the changes and historical cataclysms are low, step by step transform into the world of skhidnoslov'yansky tribes. The protyag of a hundred years was the foundation of Balto-Slovakian spіlnіst. The Balti occupied the half-way along the coast of the Baltic Sea, reached the upper reaches of the Oka, and the ancestors of the words lived on the half-day - from the Middle Dnieper and the Pryp'yatsky Poliss to the pools of the Wisli and the Oder.
Balti and words were spoken by one of my own, were close to the traditions of the post, the state, the stink of the sleeping gods. Nadali, seeing each other, the Balti and the Slavs were peoples - cousins. A lot of things in my life that mov told me about a long-standing sleepiness.
These days, at the same time, there were contacts and mutual ancestors of the words with the Pivnichno-ranian tribes, from which in the past there were seen the post-superonics of the words - the Scythians and the Sarmatians. Nevipadkovo, the words of the "Janian mov" appeared in such a position from the Iranian mov, like "God", "sokira", "kit" (small zagіn, hlіv) and others. And yet there is only one light. Vіn to speak with one Balto-Slovyansk mine, while there is no way to live in the neighborhood of the people.
Until this hour, the first time we see a pile of stepovik-nomads on the bottom of the Dnieper land. Kіnnі tribes kіmmerіytsiv fell upon the diggers Podniprov'ya. Protiborstvo thrived for a long time.
In VI - IV Art. to the sound e. the lost lands of the Slavic proto-batkivshchina recognized a new heap and conquered from the side of the Scythians - Iranian nomadic tribes. The Scythians traveled around like great masses, lived in wagons.
At that very hour, the tribes of the adoption of a similar word are born. At the area of settlement of earth-growers in the Scythian hour, a tribe of glades appeared, which gave the cob to Kiev.
For periods from 400 to 100 rubles. to the sound that is, on a wide territory between the middle flow of the Oder and the Pryp'yatsky Polis and Subdniprov'yam of the population, as they spoke already in slov'yansky.
Z kintsa II. to the sound e. that up to V st. n. that is, on the same territory, the decline of early words lingers. The stink to set up their settlements on the coastal heights or in the middle of swampy lowlands, which is important to pass for the enemy. Їхні budinki derev'yanі, rubanі; podіl on okremі svіtlitsі sche vіdsutnіy, priіmіschennya odno, zagalne. Small lords' arrivals and hoverings adjoin to the booth. At the center of the booth there are stones or a pit of adobe. Podekudi are already coarse, folded from stone and clay. In the midst of the wooden houses, there are huddled and great dugouts with hearts, where the population, perhaps, lingered in the cold winter season.
Starting from II. to the sound e. tsі zemlі recognized a new onslaught of enemies. From the bottom of the Don, from the Black Sea steppes, nomadic hordes of Sarmatians poked their way into the midst of the Podniprov. And again, the inhabitants of Dniprovsky partly went to the pivnich, wandered around with forests, and partly turned over to the pivden, where together with the Scythians they stood against the invasion.
Peace and calm in the Slavic lands of II - V Art. gave their fruit. Starting from V Art. on the lands where the Scythians and Sarmatians ruled earlier, near the basins of the Dnieper and the Dniester, an intense union of skhidnoslov'yansky tribes was formed under the name of anti.
Now, on the skhіd vіd slov'yan there was no intermediate lining with a step. The Turkic tribes stepped up to them, which became their calm opponent in the new century.
Z V Art. pіdyom near the skhіdnoslovyansk lands called for a sharp increase in the slovаnsky population in the regions of the Carpathian region, the forest-steppe and the steppe, the development of hard social processes. The role of tribal leaders, elders was emphasized, squads were formed around them, a new rozsharuvannya was born when the single middle was born. The population, which was buried in the forests of the forests, begins to resettle on a spring day, on their ancient quiet lands, in the areas of the Middle Dnieper, in the basins of the Dniester and the Bug.
All this became the basis for what was indicated in the V Art. the straining movement of the skhіdnoslovyansk tribes to the regions of the Danube, to the Balkan pіvostrіv, to the inter-Byzantine empire. Voyovniki, good words of the Jansk squads begin to work and far away, to study military enterprises. At the end of the day, words create strong military alliances, unite their squads, form majestic rivers and sea flotillas, among which they move far away.
The first decade of the VI century. became a triumph of the words of the Janskian grip of Byzantium. Byzantine authors talk about the post-Danubian Slovenes' incursions, as well as the anti-Volodynia empire. The stench is constantly crossing the Danube, appearing in the Byzantine provinces of Thrace and Illyricum, investigating the Greek cities and villages, hoarding the inhabitants of the full and taking greatness for them. The Slovyansk retinue elements of the Gulf Under the Danube and the Pivnichni Balkans, surrounded by the streams of the stream, encroach on the territory of the ancient Sparta and the Mediterranean coasts. In fact, the words begin the colonization of the Byzantine Volodya, settle at the borders of the empire, begin their master there.
Not looming the forces of strimatii tsey unimpressive grip by force, the Byzantine power is bought up in the words of the Jansk bulk of territories, with rich gifts - gold, expensive fabrics, expensive ships, they took the words of the Jansk leaders to their service.
- 6942Without knowing the past, it is impossible to correctly perceive the current day and predict the future. We know: the people, the relief of the recession of the Ancestors, You can bring in a good time.
Ninety vіdsotkіv vіdomosti, scho shoyuyuschisya litopisnogo past rosіyskogo people, yogo pozhennia, especially during the khristianіzatsії, vіd us іz you prihovanі dosi. We suggest only the deacons of science, who are closing in.
In the middle of the 11th century, the daughter of Yaroslav the Wise, prince Hanna, became the French queen. But the prince didn’t care that she came from the “wild” Kievan Rus, that she came to the “illuminated” Europe and took Paris, like a great village, she wrote about it on her sheets. Vaughn brought with her to a remote province, such as France was fond of, part of the library, some of the books turned to Russia at least in the nineteenth century, having spent up to the private library of Sulakadzaev. After his death, the widow sold most of the library to the Romanovs, after which there was nothing more about books. Only a small part of this library was consumed by other collectors, including Velesov's Book, for which Mirolyubov in 1942 took photographs.
In the years 1653-1656, people were born. X. a religious reform was carried out by Patriarch Nikon, after which Nikon himself was suddenly “shoved” at the shadows, zmusivshi looked at the Black Ecumenical Council in the form of the patriarchate. But why yogo "pishli" ?! Everything is right in the fact that before Nikon Christianity even though it was a sovereign religion, but the main masses of the Russian people accepted it as an inevitable necessity. At that time, people lived according to the norms of Pravoslavia - the system of manifestation of the norms of life of the words of the Yang Vedism, based on the wisdom of rich thousands, for some kind of words, the boules of the Heavenly Family and the onuks of Dazhdbog. Christianity began to be called Orthodox, in order to satisfy the spirit of the words, introducing the whole of the low ancient Orthodox rites into Christianity. One hour in the winter, in the summer of 1682, the fate of Russia was slain and burned all the Ancestors and famous Roots of the Book, which avenged the history of sovereign appointments and stalked the genealogists of the most important prizvisch of the empire.
Already Peter I carried out another grandiose reform. Saying the patriarchate, supporting the Christian church of the state, actually becoming the її head, Peter I, vltku 7208 vіd Z. M., introducing the Christian calendar on the lands of Moscow Russia. In one stroke of the pen, at a direct roaming word, leto 7208 the Creation of the World, behind the bazhanni of Peter, turned into 1700 rivers in the plank. x. In this manner, 5508 fates of their history were stolen from the Russians.
In Tsarist Russia, from the hour of the Code of Oleksii Mikhailovich, having established the law, for yakim for "blasphemy", to be "pagan", the penal servitude was imposed, and until the 18th century to bring bagattya (the very basis of this law is passed on to those ).
Chi varto marveled at the fact that a lot of monuments loomed and appeared without a trace. So, at the last century in St. Petersburg, a whole library of runic books arose, which belonged to A.I. Sulakadzev.
To whom the wisdom and knowledge of archaeologists are hidden, they do not invest in the infamous picture of the old-fashioned words of the Jansk history. So, for example, in the past century, the ruins of the Buzko pagan temple with inscriptions, reliefs are not twisted, without regard for those who stink in special literature, moreover, with such authority, like academician B.D. Greek.
Like before, there are super girls and for now there are no known remembrances of the words of the Yan Vedic tradition. Ninі us anew they are trying to reconcile, that the Russian people can’t write, saying, not in the olden days, they didn’t do anything miraculous, but they became less learned in foreigners.
And how beneficial it can be to change a modern person, based on the “Veles book”, “Boyanov hymni”, “Words about the departure of Igor” and the old folk tradition! Lyudina, as she has become on the paths of the Right, otherwise we will bachitim ourselves and those who will rob her.
Swinging on love to Vitchizni, you will become a right patriot, clearly discern good and evil, the truth and falsehood. You see yourself as a part of Nature and you cannot destroy this living world.
To expand the svіdomіst lyudiny, movі z'yavlyayutsya zabutі words, understand, light on the future of new farb
TO THE HISTORICAL ROOT OF RUSSIA - MILJONI ROKIV, Facts:
1.997.994 BC: on the Len river, the oldest human settlement - Diring-Yuryakh.
In 1983-1984 rock. revealed a unique parking lot of an ancient person who lived 1-2 million years ago.
At the spring of 1982, on the right birch of the Oleni River, 140 kilometers higher than Yakutsk, near Deering - Yuryakh, the expedition of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the SRSR (Head Yu. today. The settlement is named "Diring". Excavation of Diringa for the scale of the work does not find analogies in the world. Over the past 13 years, close to 32,000 square meters of the ball have been opened to avenge culture. Over 4.5 thousand objects of material culture of ancient Rus were revealed, including - kovadla, wreaths, various znaryaddya and іn, for example, in two million years BC. e. The dating was determined by the shortest modern archaeological methods and revised again by geological-geomorphological, paleomagnetic and other latest methods.
[History of Siberia. Tomsk: View. TGU, 1967., Academy of Sciences of the SRSR. History of Europe from the most recent hours of the Don, 1988]
22.994 e.: Siberians on the Angara volodymyr mystekstvo.
The images on the Angarsk statues of women with pronounced Mongolian rice are brought to a visnovka, which the Siberians were the bearers of the high Paleolithic art in Siberia, who lived on the Angara 25 thousand years ago.
15.994 BC: Siberians created the monthly and sleepy calendars.
In 1972, during the excavations of the Achinsk (Minusinsk Ulogina) Paleolithic settlement (18000 to that), V.Є. Larychovim of manifestations of a sculptural wand from a polished mammoth tusk with rows of ancient graves, which make lines, which snake like a snake, on the surface of the wand. It was established that the numbers of the next few days became digital rows, which matched the calendar records. The knowledge of the wand, being the oldest calendar of the Paleolithic people, for the help of which it could develop the trivality of the monthly and sony fate, as well as the trivality of the periods of the river wrapping of five planets - Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. This calendar allowed the Siberian to exactly save the hour of sleepy and monthly glooms.
[Novgorodtsev N.S., Siberian Motherland. At the whispers of Hyperborea. M: Bili Alvi, 2006]
7000 e.: the most recent historical writings-lithopis.
In the 1960s, near the Kam'yanіy Mogilita in the numerical grottoes on the river Molochniy (the left bank of the lowlands of the Dnipro), the archaeologist O.M. Bader and V.M. Decipher tsyu writing, and contagiously and vіdkriti at nіy i found, zі znaydenih at an hour, the Earth's mytho-historical litopis of the 7th millennium BC. e. Kifishin. This is the most recent literary memo from the house of Nina, but not the rest:
I am the high priest, of appointments with a clean hand (Innani).
The scepter of the heavenly king, Volodarka of the all-world,
"In" of all laws, light of Inanna
She truly brought me to Aratta, the land of pure rites.
3500 BC Reference: Slovian sun mounds in the Pivnichny Caucasus.
From the other half IV yew. BC Great models of Sun-mounds are blamed on the Pivnіchny Kavkazі. At the plan, the mounds were small in round shape, and the tables were sharpened with stone belts of cromlechiv. On the Kostyantynivsky plateau (on the outskirts of the P'yatigorsk metro station), mounds with spiral cromlechs were revealed. In the rest of the decade, the beginnings of the aerial photography method, in a number of mounds, the so-called "vusa" was revealed - twisted and bent vuzkі kamyanі pavement, which can be seen from the mounds and stretch up to a few kilometers. The plan has a mound with “wuses” already known by various types of Swastikas, which have been swelled in a thousand times.
[Kuznetsov V.A., Methodology for the follow-up and interpretation of archaeological materials in the Pivnichny Caucasus. Pivnichno-Ossetian Research and Development Institute of History of Philology and Economics under the Council of Ministers of the SOASSR.]
2.750 BC: golden and bronze vrobs of the Words were found near the burial mounds of Stavropill.
A group of six burial mounds, planted in the Novoselitsky district of the Stavropol Territory, trimmed in 1977 by the expedition of the Institute of Archeology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Znahіdki: sprat of dozens of pohovans, orientated at the bіk zahіd-skhіd; vessels of a dark gray color with a squat shape with a slightly flattened bottom and a polished surface, crushed with good singed clay; chotiri creamy wood chips; a grater with rounded outlines and a flat base; bronze adzes; bronze awl; bronze chisel; two rings-pendants with non-closed ends of a tendit porous mineral of white color; gold pіdvіska in the second wrap that flat gold ring.
Dated to the last quarter of the III millennium BC.
(Munchaev R.M. The Caucasus bronze doby. M., 1975.]
2500 e.: Arkaim - the most ancient place, the cultural center of words.
In the spring of 1987, two schoolchildren discovered the oldest proto-city of Arkaim (the Earth's Ridge) on the Chelyabinsk region. Further investigations carried out by archaeologists G.B.
250 BC: Revelation of a religious and trading center on the territory of Perm.
The knowledge of Permian archaeologists confirms the fact of establishing a religious one for a shopping center on the territory of Perm already in the 3rd century BC. e. Near the area of Pivdennogo Ural, beside the village of Chandar, in 1999, professor Chuvirov, having revealed a stone slab, on a yak was applied a relief map of the Zahidno-Siberian region, vikonan with technologies, unknown modern science. It is impossible to create a similar card today. Crimean natural landscape, there are depicted two systems of canals with a deep length of twelve thousand kilometers, a width of five hundred meters, as well as twelve rows of a top of 300-500 meters, a length of up to ten kilometers and a depth of up to three kilometers. There are letters on the stone slab, applied with a hieroglyph-warehouse sheet.
