Pohodzhennya words'yanskogo people. The first reports about words

The Slavs are the largest ethnic community in Europe, but what do we really know about them? Who stink like, de bula їhnya batkіvshchina, і zvіdki pіshla self-name "slov'yani"? Let's take a look.

Pohodzhennya words'yan

Іsnuє impersonal hypotheses about the movement of words. Htos to bring them to the Scythians and Sarmatians, who came from Central Asia, htos to the Aryans, Nimtsiv, and others and zovsim to be compared with the Celts.

In general, all hypotheses of the likeness of words can be divided into two main categories, one directly opposite one. One of them - good vidoma "Norman", was hung in the XVIII century by the Germans Bayer, Miller and Schlozer, although earlier similar ideas appeared during the reign of Ivan the Terrible.

The essence of the offensive was: the Slovyans are the Indo-European people, which, if they entered the “German-Slovak” spіlnіst, ale vydkolovsya in the Nimtsіv at the hour of the Great Migration of the Peoples. Yaks leaned on the periphery of Europe and attacked the onslaught of Roman civilization, the stench even stood at the rosette, flooring, which could not create a powerful state and asked the Varangians, then the Vikings, to rule them.

The basis of this theory is the historiographic tradition “After the past years” and the famous phrase: “Our land is great, rich, but there is no order in it. Come prince and rule over us.” Such a categorical interpretation, which was based on an obviously ideological subversion, could not but provoke criticism. Today's archeology confirms the emergence of historical intercultural links between the Scandinavians and the Slavs, but it is hardly possible to talk about those who played a vital role in the formation of the ancient Russian state. Ale superechki about the "Norman" pojzhennya words'yan and Kievan Rus' do not smell, and dosi.

Another theory ethnogenesis of words, navpaki, may have a patriotic character. I, before the speech, she is a rich old woman for the Norman - one of the founders of the Croatian historian Mavro Orbіnі, who wrote, for example, the XVI-ear of the XVII century, the work under the name "Slovian kingdom". The look of the new one is even more extraordinary: to the words "yan vin vіdnіs vandalіv, burgundiіv, gothovіv, ostgotiіv, visigotiіv, gepіdіvіv, goіtіv, аlanіv, verlіv, avariv, dаіv, dаkіv, swedіv, normanіv, finіv, ukrov, marcomanіv, quadіvіrіvіlіvіvіvіv" and others: "All the stinks were of the same word'yansk tribe, as you will see from afar." The last exit from the historical fatherland of Orbin dated 1460 BC. De tіlki stinks of the next one did not overtake:

“The Slovyans fought with us with the tribes of the world, attacked Persia, ruled Asia and Africa, fought with the Egyptians and Alexander the Great, supported Greece Macedonia and Illyria, occupied Moravia, Czech Republic, Poland and saved the Baltic Sea.”

Yoma was echoed by a lot of court scribes, who created the theory of the reversal of words from the ancient Romans, and Rurik from the emperor Octavian Augustus. In the 18th century, the Russian historian Tatishchev published the title of “Joakimovsky Litopis” in such a way, which, in contrast to “About the Past Years”, ottognuvav words from ancient Greeks.

Offenses from theories (when there is truth in the skin of them), two extreme nights, as if the authorities were free to interpret historical facts and records of archeology. They were criticized by such "veletny" vіtchiznyаїhistoria, like B. Grekov, B. Ribakov, V. Yanin, A. Artsikhovsky, stverzhuyuchi, that the historian is guilty of his accusations not on his likeness, but on facts. On the other hand, the historical texture of the “ethnogenesis of words”, and until this day, the flooring is uneven, which leaves impersonal options for speculation, without the possibility of residual moisture on the smut food: "Who are these words?"

For the people

The problem of historians - the age of words of the Jansk ethnos - has come. If the words were still seen as a single people from the Western European ethnic "cataclysm"?

The first test of evidence on the chain of nutrition lies with the authors of "The Story of the Past Years" - Chentsi Nestor. Taking the biblical paraphrase as a basis, and recounting the history of the words of the Babylonian creation, which divided the people into 72 peoples: Fortune-telling Mavro Orbіnі generously bestowed on the tribes of the Jansk tribes a couple of thousand years of history, dated the їhnіy vihіd іz istoricheskoї batkіvshchina 1496 fate: Later, after subordinating their rule of Sarmatia, the word-Janian tribe was divided into kilka kolin and took away different names: venedi, slov'yani, anti, virli, Alani, Masayti…. …

Shorter than seemingly, the word'yansk mova is chubby from the Caspian Sea to Saxony, from the Adriatic sea to the Nimetsky, and in the middle of these borders lie the word'yansk tribe.'

I realized that there weren’t enough similar “visuals” for historians. Archaeology, genetics and linguistics were studied for the development of the "wik" of the words. The results, far from the reach of modest, but still results. According to the adopted version, the words lay down to the Indo-European sleepiness, yak, better than everything, came out of the Dnipro-Donetsk archaeological culture, near the inter-Iridian Dnipro and the Don, this thousand roki in that first hour of the stone age. Year after year, having poured in the culture, expanding on the territory from the Wesley to the Urals, wanting to accurately localize it, so far no one has come a long way. Vzagali, speaking about Indo-European spіlnіst, it is not a single ethnos but a civilization, but the influx of cultures that linguistic similarity. Nearly 1,000 years before ours, there were three groups of minds: the Celts and the Romans on the Sunset, the Indo-Iranians on the Skhodі, and here in the middle, near Central and Skhіdnіy Europe, there was one more group, from which the Germans, the Baltics words'yani. From them, approximately in the 1st millennium BC, the words of the Jansk language began to be seen.

But there is little evidence of linguistics alone - due to the unity of the ethnic group, the advance of archaeological cultures can be uninterrupted. In the lower lanka, in the archeological lantern of words, it is customary to take into account the so-called “culture of the dead burials”, which took the name out of the name of the cremation of the remains of the great vessel, the Polish “flare”, tobto “upside down”. Vaughn founded in the V-II centuries BC between the Vistula and the Dnipro. In my sensi, one can say that її noses were early words. Itself z it goes to reveal the decline of cultural elements right up to the old words of the early Middle Ages.

Praslovyanskaya Batkivshchyna

Where, after all, the word-yansk ethnos was born, and how can the territory be called “quietly word-yansk”?

The records of historians vary. Orbіnі, relying on the low authors, stverzhuє, scho words 'yani came out of Scandinavia: "May all the authors, blessed is the pen of those who have brought to the surface of the history of the words of the yansk tribe, tverdzhuyut and stack, scho words have come out of Scandinavia... Japhet's tips Noah's sina) were destroyed in Europe on a pіvnіch, penetrating into the country, as if they were called Scandinavia. There, the stench multiplied indefinitely, as St. Augustine told his "City of God", de writing, that the blue and blue patches of Japhet were small and two fathers occupied lands, roztashovanny on the pіvnіch in the mountains of Taurus near Kіlіkії, along the Pіvnіchnomu ocean, half of Asia British Ocean."

Nestor naming the ancient territory of words - the land beyond the lower flow of the Dnieper and Panonia. The drive for the settlement of words on the Danube was attacked by Volohiv. “According to rich hours, the essence of Slovenia was along the Danube, de є ninі Ugorsk land and Bulgarian.” Zvіdsi і Danube-Balkanskaya hypothesis of the movement of words.

Have your own prikhliniks and the European fatherland of words. So, the great Czech historian Pavlo Shafarik, having taken into account that the prabatyvschina of words is necessary to be found on the territory of Europe by land from the disputed tribes of the Celts, Germans, Balts and Thracians.

Vіn vvazhav, that in ancient times, the words occupied the great territory of the Middle and the Middle Europe, the stars were frightened beyond the Carpathians under the onslaught of the Celtic expansion. I founded a version about the two proto-Batkivshchina of the words, zgіdno with some first pra-bіvshchina there was a place, where the pra-slov'yan language was formed (between the lower flow of the Niman and the Western Dvina) and there, deforming the author’s mind itself (on the word’yansky people it happened slowly from the 2nd century BC) - the pool of the river Visl. Sounded already zahіdnі those skhіdnі words'yani. The first settled the area of ​​the river Elbi, then the Balkans and the Danube, and others - the banks of the Dnieper and the Dniester.

Vistula-Dniprovska hypothesis about the prabatkіvschinu of words, even though they become hypothesized, they are still the most popular among historians. Її mentally confirm the mystical toponyms and vocabulary. As if to believe in “words”, that is, lexical material, the ancestral home of words was located on the side of the sea, near the forest plain zone with swamps and lakes, and also at the borders of the river, which flows into the Baltic Sea, judging by the ancient Slavic names of fish - salmon vugr. Before the speech, the regions are already familiar to us with the cultures of the graves of the graves, according to these geographic signs.

"Slov'yani"

The very word "slov'yani" is a riddle. It’s already lived in the 6th century of our land, admittedly, the Byzantine historians often have riddles about words at this hour - don’t create good-natured courts of Byzantium. In the words themselves, this term is already victorious as a self-name in Serednyovichchi, accepted, as judged from litopisiv, including according to the "Post of Time Litas".

Prote yoga hodzhennya dosi nevidome. The most popular version, which looks like the same as the word “word” or “glory”, which involves one Indo-European root ḱleu̯- “chuti”. About tse, before the speech, writing and Mavro Orbіnі, schopravda, in power yoma “arranged”: “for the hour of their residence in Sarmatia, they took the stench (words) of their own “words”, which means “glorious”.

There is a middle linguist version, which I will call the landscape by its self-name word "yani goiter". Imovirno, in the basis of the toponym "Slovutych" - another name for the Dnipro, to avenge the roots of the meanings "wash", "cleanse".

The version about the presence of a link between the self-name "slov'yan" and the Middle Greek word "slave" (σκλάβος) called out to the noise of its hour. Vaughn was more popular among Western scholars of the XVIII-XIX centuries. Basically, the idea is that the words, as one of the largest peoples in Europe, became a significant number of brothers and often became an object of the slave trade. Today, this hypothesis is recognized as a pardon, the shards on the basis of "σκλάβος" was the Greek word for the meanings of "get military trophies" - "σκυλάο".

Did you know a pardon? Seen її and press levi Ctrl+Enter.

It would have been given, if we all knew: Cyril and Methodius, whom the Orthodox Church calls equal to the apostles for their merit. How about the alphabet itself, having invented Kirilo - Cyrillic chi Glagolitic? (Methodius, apparently, and it was brought, having supported his brother in every way, but with the “brain operation” that illuminated person, as if she knew the magistrates, being the black Kirilo herself). About tse in the scientific world dosі to sharpen superchicks. Some of the glories seem to say: “Cyrillic! Vaughn is named after the creator. Others will repeat: “The Glagolitic! The first letter tsієї of the alphabet looks like a cross. Kirilo is black. This is a sign. It is also confirmed that there was no written language in Russia before Kiril's practice. Professor Mikola Taranov is categorically unsuitable for this.

Today, the historians and theologians of the Russian Orthodox Church affirm that Russia has become Orthodox, it’s less than a baptism of the Christianization of Russia and the expansion of Byzantine Christianity among the dark, wild, which immersed in the paganism of words. Such a formulation is more conveniently created history and belittling the importance of the ancient culture of all the Slavic peoples. What could the Christian missionaries know about the culture and faith of the Slavic peoples? How could stinks perceive a culture alien to them?

A cycle of programs "The Year of Truth", dedicated to ancient words and the formation of Old Russia. One can see the nourishment of ancient words, the call of the Varangians, the vindication of Novgorod and others.

Russian barbarians rushed into villages, camps and villages, occupying places of their own, theaters and libraries. They wore it, not in a sensible way, hutra and walked in trousers, just like cultural Europe wrapped itself in ganchirki.

For a long time, one-state hats have been fenced and they have no respect for tolerance, and European people have loved to endure one by one. The Russians lived in bagnyutsі and rarely traveled, but in the lazni, as if they were close to the Finns, they did not go out during the nights. The first place they had was wrong, behind the European middle ring, near the center of the place, there was a flurry of “katapka”, and special ditches went down the street, where good-natured hulks civilized angered uncleanness.

We need to remember our history, and go our own way. In this hour, we celebrate the date of the birth of Christ and the Gregorian calendar. Do not forget the Julian calendar, so the titles of the "old style". In the meantime, we think about the new one, if we mean the “old” Novy Rik. So sobi masovoї іnformatsії dbaily predict about the change of fate for the Chinese, Japanese, Thai and other calendars. Madly, expanding our light-gazer.

Christianity flooded Russia 988 p. n. e. for the hours of the reign of Prince Volodymyr. How did you feel? The official version can be read from the official history of Russia, for example, from Ishimov's "History of Russia", Novosibirsk, 1993 Briefly, the picture was no different. Before Prince Volodymyr, paganism was in full swing, and Russia flourished.

The native peoples urged Volodymyr to go over to the new faith, and before that came a lot of messages from the Kama Bulgarians, from the German Catholics, from the Jews and from the Greeks, and from the skin praising their faith. Volodymyr on the back of his head appreciated the qi vіri z the beauty of the vigadan. Rejoiced at the boyars. They said to you: “Leather to praise the faith, but rather send it to different lands to know, de faith the best.” Volodymyr sent ten most intelligent boyars to the Bulgarians, Germans and Greeks. Among the Bulgarians, they knew many temples, sumn prayers, sumn individuals; Nimtsiv have rich rituals, but without beauty and greatness. Nareshti stinks came to Tsargorod.

The Grand Duke Svyatoslav is one of the most important articles in the rich Russian history, unfortunately, it is actually forgotten by our official government that historiography. As other individuals, as if they made a majestic deposit at the rosettes of the Russian civilization, such as Ivan the Terrible and Josip Stalin are regularly watered with ford, then about Svyatoslav they wrote promos, zabul. Maybe, if you don’t ruin the days of the past, too much painful food, you can yell about that turning point era - about the Khazar Khaganate, Judaism, rachdonity, the Christianization of Russia, її heritage, from Byzantium and Rome, the decline of civilization in Central Russia.

The history of the abbreviation of the alphabet of ancient words - the whole history of the people to spend their intelligence - in the form of a total brain to the current 3-5 vіdsotkіv. Our current language is only a shadow, a projection of an old rich language. In order to galvanize and stupefy the process of degradation, it is necessary to turn to one's roots - to learn how to combine images. For whom it is necessary to simply recognize the language of their ancestors, to become equal in their rights.

The first to look at the numerical versions of the translation of the words, next to indicate that all the middle-aged authors up to the 9th century did not know such a people, like the words tell only about clavi or clavini, if I want to translate my works with Russian translations, the form of “words” is everywhere victorious.

The people under the name of "skloviny" became known from the 6th century. The people who lived in such bulos with the territories of the future words of the Jansk lands, which settled down like the 1st thousand years of the stars, were brought to these words by the people. e.

1 Scythian-Sarmatian theory

For this theory, words - Scythians, Sarmatians and Roxolani

The Scytho-Sarmatian theory of the movement of words assumed that the ancestors of the words came from Western Asia and settled near the southern part of the Northern Europe under the names of the Scythians, Sarmatians and Roxolans. Having first appeared at the Bavarian chronicle of the 13th century, Scythian-Sarmatian theory was developed by Western European historians until the 18th century. One of the adventurous words of the Sarmatians (Sauromatians) was the English historian E. Gibbon, who created a general practice in the history of Europe.

In Russia, the idea of ​​the movement of words without intermediary between the Scythians and Sarmatians was suggested by M.V. Lomonosov (1711-1765) in his "Short Russian Chronicler" and "Ancient Russian History". Russian teachings writing that " the homogeneity of words from the Sarmatians, miracles with Scythians do not compare with a wealth of clear evidence" (34, 25). In our hour, this theory is not seriously considered, although we still have our own prihilniks.

2 Danubian theory

This is the widest theory of the movement of words

The Danubian theory of the movement of words admitted that the ancestors of the words settled their ethnic group on the territory that lies up to the Middle Danube, and then settled in Central, Pivdenniy and Skhidnіy Europe. The most wide-ranging theory, especially among Russian historians, shards at the head Russian historical dzherel - the Laurentian Chronicle says, after the destruction of the Babylonian stovp and under the peoples “in a rich hour the forces of the words of the Danube, now the land of Ugorsk and Bolgar. In the midst of these words, the words rose through the earth and were called by their names in the place, de power” (72, 25). Before prihilnikіv tsієї teorії it is possible to add such number of foreign Slavic authors, like

• Kadlubok,
• Bogufal,
• Dalimile,
• Safarik,

as well as Russian historians

• S.L. Solovyova,
• V.I. Klyuchevsky,
• MM. weather,
• O.M. Trubachov.

3 Danube-Balkan theory

Before this theory, the Danube-Balkan theory of the movement of the words of the Jansk prabatkivshchyna, one of the oldest for the hour of the movement, but then for a long time did not know the enemies through nibito the impossibility of old resettlement praslov'yan near the Vistula-Odersk area of ​​the possible expansion of words through the Sudeten-Carpathian bar'єr. For example, in the 20th century, the Polish archaeologist V. Hensel, having propagated that through the whole gіrsky lance from pivnіch, they crossed over yet not zovsіm pіvnіch, mova did not take shape and see it like a proslov'yanska, and only here at Povislіnіch original language.

Oskilki in "The Story of Past Years" Sound for an hour її the creation of a rosepovіd starts from the biblical characters - Noah and її blue, it is customary to look at the "historical past" like the proto-Slavs, and їхніх the proto-Slavs. Acting authors (V.M. Gobarev and others) continue the history of words with their successors until the 2nd thousand years BC. e., vvazhayuchi the ancestors of the words'yan skіfіv-skolotіv. Others (A.I. Asov) call the people of the Khetiv from Asia Minor as the ancestors of the words, the names of which came together with Enei and Antenor from Troy to Italy and Illirik.

Vzagali, bazhannya to honor the journey of his people in the name of the heroes of Troy, like the Russian historians, it was deliberately promoted in the historiography of those other European peoples. So, in the middle of the 19th century, the English historian G.T. Buckle, criticizing Bagatov's legend, saying that “no one thought to doubt this fact. Superechka ishla only about those like whom the neighbors of the nation looked like. However, for some reason, the singleness of the house was established: so - without seeming about the other people - they respected that the French looked like Frank, and knowing that they were the son of Hector; so it was self-evident that the Britti looked like Brutus, the father of such a bv was no one else, like Aeneas himself ”(75, 48).

And V.M. Domin to display words'yan in arіїv who came in distant hours from Hyperborea. Yu.A. Shilov, with the improvement of his excavations of mounds of the 4th-2nd thousand years BC. i.e., having grown visnovok similarly to the myths of the ancient Aryans, that the territory of Pivdenny Ukraine was the birthplace of the Indo-European praetnos and the Aryan peoples of the zokrema. Same here, vvazha Yu.A. Shilov, knowledge was accumulated, written down in the “Veles Book”, and the words of the verses turned out to be the uninterrupted arrival. B.A. Ribakov vvazhaє, scho "in the presence of the Proto-Slavic tribes in the disputed with them, the Indo-European tribes were about 4-3.5 thousand. rokіv that, on the cob II yew. BC e." (53, 14).

4 Vistula-Oder theory

Tsya theory of the movement of words was born in Poland

The Vistula-Oder theory of the movement of words, which vinicla in the 18th century among Polish historians, admitted that the word yansk people vinic on the territory of the Mіzhrіchchya Vіsli ta Oder, and bred praslov'yan from the tribes of Lusatian culture a bronze orb on the cob of a salve. Among the Russian pribіchnikіv tsієї teorії archaeologist U.U. e. at the basin of the middle and upper streams of the Wesley and widened far away to the Oder. V.V. Sedov urged to promote the culture of the pidkloshovykh burials from the culture of the ancient Slavs.

5 Oder-Dnieper theory

The Oder-Dniprovsk theory of vindication of words admits that the ancient Slavic tribes of Mayzhe suddenly appeared on the majestic teren from the Oder at the entrance to the Dnipro at the exit, from Pryp'yat at the pivnoch to the Carpathian and Sudeten mountains at the pivdni. Among the Persians, the following types of cultures are respected:

• Trzynetska culture of the XVII-XIII centuries. to the sound e.,
• Tshinetsko-Komarivska culture XV-XI Art. to the sound e.,
• puddles and scythian forest-steppe cultures XII VII c. to the sound e.

The Poles T. Ler-Splavinsky, A. Gardavsky, and Russia P.N. Tretyakov, B.A. Ribakov, M.I. Artamonov. However, in the versions of these authors, there are significant differences.

6 Carpathian theory

Based on a high concentration of words in Jansk toponyms, especially hydrononyms

The Carpathian theory of the vindication of words was drawn up in 1837. by the Slovak scholar P. Shafarik and revived by the zusils of the German cleric Yu. Udolf in the XX century concentration of words in Yan toponyms, especially hydronimiv near Galicia, Podillya, Volyn. Among Russian authors, one can name A.A. Pogodin, who made a great contribution to the development of this theory, systematizing the hydronim of the designated areas.

7 Pryp'yatsko-Polish theory

This theory is based on the current characteristics of peoples from these regions

Pripyatsko-Polish theory of the words of the "Janian Proto-Batkivshchyna" is subdivided into two streams:

1. pryp'yatsko-verkhnyodniprovsku that
2. pryp'yatsko-srednyodnіprovsku theory

and based on the current features of the peoples, as they live in these regions. Adherents of this theory, one of them is the Polish archaeologist K. Godlevsky, vvazhayut what the Vistula-Oderskomu mizhrichchi words'yani slipped out of Polissya.

The Pryatsko-Middle Dnieper variant of the Pryatsko-Polish theory gained significantly greater breadth in Poland and the Nimechchina, and lower in Russia. One of the founders of this version is the Polish ethnologist K. Moshinsky, who also continued the founding of ancient Slavs on the Middle Dnieper until the 7th-6th centuries. to the sound e., regardless of what Protoslov'yani, tobto ancestors of Praslov'yan, who had not yet been seen from the Indo-European community, lived here in Asia in the state of the Vugris, the Turks and the Scythians.

Protoslov'yani - all the ancestors of the Praslov'yan

Among the Russian scholars, yakі pіdtrimuyut znakhodzhennya prabatyvschiny slov'yan in the Middle Dnipro and Pivdenny Bug, following F.P. Filina and B.V. Gortung. Moreover, B.V. Gortung, against K. Moshinsky, vvazhav, scho Proto-Slovakians of Tripil culture lingered in this area 4th-3rd thousand years before the stars. i.e., like a potim, having crossed over from the Upper Wisley and Dnipro, they changed into the old Slavic culture of the 2nd millennium BC. e.

Another pribіchnik tsієї teorії buv on the cob of the XX century. Czech Slavist L. Niederle, a kind of spreading of the proslovian in the middle and upper currents of the Dnieper.

8 Baltic theory

Baltic theory, the creator of which is the greatest successor of Russian chronicles A.A. Chess prabatkivshchina words'yan bula on uzberezhzhі of the Baltic Sea in the lower part of the Western Dvina and the Neman, and with more than a year the words went to the Vistula and other lands. On confirmation of this, a layer of the old word "Janian hydronism" between the Nєman and the Dnipro was revealed.

Vіdpovidno up to one theory words'yani were a numerical people which is not a sleeping place for all places of resettlement. Nіbito tsey people on the brink of the appearance in Europe of buds of rozsіyany among the wealthy places of the middle іnshih narodіv, nіbіshіh іn this region and more іnіdomіh istorikiv. Therefore, the old hour of words, the yansky people of history, buv nevіdomy, inkoli well guessing under other people's names.

With whom it is important that on the Middle Danube words appeared under the names of Illyrians and Celts, at the pools of the Vistula and the Oder - Venetiv, Celts and Germans, and in the Carpathians and on the Lower Danube - Dakiv and Thracians. Well, in Сhіdnіy фvropі words, naturally, acted under the names of scythians and sarmatians. That is why the ancient and middle-aged authors did not say anything about the words about the united people. Before this theory, the version is close to the fact that the European peoples resemble the Protoslovyans, as they were the core of the Indo-European sleepiness.

Mustache European peoples resemble protoslovyans

V.P. Kobichov at the book “At the Search for the Probability of Words”, having analyzed the significant number of versions, diyshov vysnovka, who “introduced the neuros, and also early to the Veneds and superechkas, in the arch, we put ourselves in the vase a camp in the food of the repetition of words” jan. On the ethnic map of Northern Europe, he did not lose a month. Lower Hanging and Poneminnya fall, to those who did not know the words of the sea, the greater pivdenni regions fell the same, to those who lived there neuri, yakі buli, perhaps, Balts, Celts or kim forever, but only not words. In the Carpathians and the Danube lived ... Geti and Dacians; Pivnichne Prychornomorya occupied the Iranian scythians. The upper, and part of the Oka basin, which lies up to the new one, was inhabited by Letto-Lithuanian tribes, and even more pіvnіchnі and similar areas - Finno-Ugrians ... "(53, 17).

Indeed, for such a super-sharpness of the version and theory of the movement of words, it’s easy to develop a single thought, and then it’s better to wrap it up and bring it. And maybe, I can’t feel the sense to carry out these bagatov’s jokes of the black intestine at the dark room, it’s more, what її, more for everything, there wasn’t it? Aje numerical Germanic tribes By the will of the Romans, it was called one name of the Germans, less than a century later they became one and the same.

The Slovyans, on the other hand, took back the blatant names of the Slavs, that buv was divided into the impersonal Slovyan tribes with their own names. Herodotus did not know anything about the peoples on the pіvnіch vіd Danube, although they wanted to know much more about the localization of different peoples in Northern Europe. And yet, through the borders of the Danube, the rivers widened in Europe, one of the largest. ethnic tutelage - Germans and words. As the march of the Germans, on the last call, on the cob of our eri, is important enough to understand and verse, then the march of the words to the skin of the new generations of historians, archaeologists, linguists becomes more and more confused.

The skin is new generation of vchenih daedals more confused by the way of words

The Іsnuє and version of the use of words in the form of numerical slaves, as in the era of the slave-lawyer's mode, were the basis for the development of strong and subdar products and on material values. M. Gimbutas to suggest such an explanation of the version: “A lot of linguists and historians tried to explain the origin of the glory root. primed on "sklavins" and "sklavins", zgaduvanih Jordan and Prokop, deyakі poov'azuvali yoga with the Latin word "sclavus", which means "slave". Tse, perhaps, and explain why the SK was replaced by the following words, but, obviously, does not explain the meaning of the word “Slovene” (22, 69). The prototype version is left with one of the unexplored stretches of a century, and this is left, more for everything, through the possible unpopularity among historians, and, more for everything, through the days of support of the middle of the political elites of the country.

That is why, regardless of the great number of versions about the mystical knowledge of the proto-battleship of the words and their hobbies, backed up by theories and volumes of the dosledzheny at this gallery, the nutrition of the dosі is overwhelmed. But it means that either the theory is not true, or until the 6th century no words were heard by the people. And before the history of the words, Imovirno, varto shukati not among the multiple versions of their adventures, but on the other hand, looking out of them, take a closer look at the adventures of the numerical slaves of the state of gunivs, moreover, that such a version has been completed. As much as possible, what was seen through the “hot patriotism” of the historians of the Slavic lands. However, in order to change the version, it is necessary to complete it more thoroughly.

In our days, there are close to 200 million people on the earth’s backwoods, who speak thirteen words in Yang language, the prote for historians is left with a mystery, where the word Yang language was born and where the ancestral home of words was found, the stars of the stench rose in the Central, Europe.

Already close to two thousand years, the Greek and Roman scholars were aware that at the convergence of Europe, between the Carpathian Mountains and the Baltic Sea, numerical tribes of the Venedivs live. These were the ancestors of the modern words of the Yan peoples. At the same time, the Baltic sea was called the same Venedskaya inflow of the Pivnichny ocean. In the opinion of the archaeologists, the Venedi were the calm Meshkantsy of Europe, the caps of the tribes that lived here near the stone and bronze centuries.

The old-fashioned name of the words "yan" - venedi - was preserved among the German peoples to the middle middle, and the Finnish language of Russia is called Venetia. The names of "words" have expanded more than a thousand years ago - in the middle of the 1st millennium AD. Spopchatku was called so only zahіdnі words'yani. Their brothers were called Antes. Then words began to be called by all tribes that speak words by Yang language.

On the cob of our land, everywhere in Europe there were great transfers of tribes and peoples that entered the struggle for the Roman slave empire. The same word-yansk tribes occupied a large territory. Some of them penetrated to the west, on the banks of the river Audrey and Labi (Elbi). At once from the population, the yak lived along the banks of the Visl river, the stench became

the ancestors of modern Western Slavic peoples - Polish, Czech and Slovak.

Especially grandiose buv ruh words'yan on pivden - on the banks of the Danube and on the Balkan pivostriv. The territories were occupied by words from VI-VII Art. after the three-time wars with the Byzantine (Skhidnoy Roman) empire, which were three times over the hundred.

The ancestors of the modern Pivdenno-Slovak peoples - the Bulgarians and the peoples of Yugoslavia - were the Slavic tribes that settled on the Balkan Pivostrov. The stench sneered with the Thracian and Illirian populations, as before the Byzantine slave-owners and feudal lords had spread rot.

At that hour, when the Slavs inhabited the Balkan Island, the Byzantine geographers and historians got to know them closely. The stinks pointed out the number of words and the breadth of their territories, they said that the words are well known from farming and animal husbandry. Especially the quotes from the Byzantine authors about those words in the VI and VII centuries. more small powers. The wolves lived in independent tribes. On choli

tsikh numeral tribes were vіyskі vozhdі. We know the names of the leaders who lived over a thousand years ago: Mezhimir, Dobrita, Pirogost,

Hvіlіbud ta іnshі.

The Byzantines wrote that the words were more good, right in the military right and good; stinks of willfulness, do not recognize slavery, that order.

The ancestors of the Slavic peoples of Russia long ago lived in the forest-steppe and forest regions between the rivers Dnistr and Dnipro. Then the stench began to protrude pivnich, up the Dnipro hill. It was more povіlne, which was seen by hundreds of zemlіtnya zemlіtnja zemlіrabskih hromada and okremіh sіmey, sho husk new viable places for the settlement and rich in animals and fish of the region. The settlers harvested valuable foxes for their fields.

On the cob of our eri, words penetrated near the upper Dnieper, where tribes lived, arguing with modern Lithuanians and Latvians. Dalі on pіvnochі slovyani populated oblastі, de podekudi lived ancient Finno-Ugric tribes, disputed by the modern Mari, Mordovians, and inspire the Finns, Karelians and Estonians. Mistseve population for the equal of their culture signifi- cantly sacrificed words. Through the sprat of a stone, it rushed out

with pribultsy, took over their culture. In different regions, the skhidnoslovyansk tribes were called differently, which we know from the most recent Russian chronicle: V'yatichi, Krivichi, Drevlyans, Polans, Radimichi and others.

Even to our days, on the high banks of the rivers and lakes, the relics of old words of the Yan settlements have been preserved, as archaeologists are turning. At that turbulent hour, if the war was not less than a few tribes, and among the dry masses it was a real thing, people often settled at important places, sharpened by high shilas, deep yarami and water. The stinks built earthlings near their settlements, dug deep ditches and surrounded their donkeys with wooden mud.

The remains of such small forts are called settlements. The dwellings were like dugouts, in the middle there were adobe stone stoves. Near the skin village lived the sound of relatives, as if they often led their dominion in bulk.

Zemledrobske gospodarstvo that hour even a little thrown off at the modern day. With heavy labor, people got their own food. In order to prepare the land for the sivbi, it was necessary to pick up the village from the fox.

Winter month, with a stretch of which they chopped the forest, called the sіchen (from the word "sіch" - rubati). Months passed, dry and birch, at the hour of which the forest was dried and spat. They shone right into the ashes, lightly fluffed with wooden plow, aboral. Such farming is called incendiary chi pidsichnym. Often shone

millet, ale buli used in other cereals: wheat, barley and rye. Zovochіv bula widened rіpa.

The month of stubble was called serpen, and the month of threshing is called sichen (from the word "brech" - thresh). Those who named the months in ancient words were associated with earthworking robots, testify about the primary significance of agriculture in the current state. Ale stinks also made thinness, beat the beast and caught fish, engaged in beekeeping - gathering honey from wild bjil.

The same skin group of relatives prepared everything they needed. In small clay ovens - domnitsa - or pits from mine ores, they were melted down. Forger forged new knives, sokiri, coulters, arrowheads and spearheads, swords. The women made earthenware dishes, weaved linens and sewed robes. At the great move, wooden utensils are stuffed, as well as picking up that bast. They bathed less those who could not get the bulk of the chi robiti at home. The most wide-ranging goods have long been bula strong - even the relatives of її were far from creaking.

They also traded in expensive metals, from which they made embellishments. For everything, they paid with salable and valuable goods, which played the role of pennies: farm, honey, wax, grain, thinness.

Behind the ancient words of the Yansk settlements, it is often possible to see round or round earthen mounds - burial mounds. When excavating, they know the remnants of burnt human bones and fillings that were burned by the fire.

Ancient words spat the dead on the funeral pit, and the remains were buried in mounds.

The Slavs waged a constant struggle with the nomads, they lingered in the coastal steppes and often plundered the Slavic lands. The nomads-Khazars were the most safe enemy, yak created in the VII-VIII centuries. great and strong power in the low rivers of the Volga and the Don.

At this hour, the skhіdnі words began to be called Russ and Ross, as if guessing, after naming one of the tribes - Russ, who are on the cordon of Khazaria, between the Dnipro and the Don. So the names "Russia" and "Russian" began.

Nezabar in the life of words, there were great changes. With the development of metallurgy and other crafts, the work was significantly reduced. The digger mav is now a plow or a plow from a cold lemish. Yoga practice has become more productive. Among the community members appeared rich and poor.

The ancient community fell apart and a new peasant state came to change. The leaders and wealthy community members despised the poor, took their land from them, enslaved them and mocked them for themselves. Trade developed. The country was cut through by trade ways, which is more important to go by rivers. For example, in the 1st thousand years, trade and craft places began to appear: Kiev, Chernigiv, Smolensk, Polotsk, Novgorod, Ladoga and many others. Foreigners called Russia the land of the city.
For the sake of saving, that zmіtsnennya of its own power, the panіvna verіvka created its organization and military. So the class supremacy came to change the tribal order, that power, as it protected the interests of the rich.

Spontaneously in Old Russia, there was a sprinkling of okremy tribal princedoms, houses like those in the IX century. Vinicla is a mighty Russian power with the center near Kiev. The era of feudalism began, the era of the middle class.

Superchicks about the place that hour of the march of the Indo-Europeans, they saw it at the front, they let it go, so you know the blame for the “historical” peoples doesn’t make unambiguous decisions. Tse povnoy miroy stosuetsya and words The problem of changing words has been discussed by science for over two centuries. Archaeologists, linguists, anthropologists, ethnographers propagate various concepts and hypotheses, and yet they are mostly skinless in their thinking.

And the number of upper pits is wider. One supernaturalness lies on the surface: words for such names enter the historical arena only in the 6th century AD, and there is great peace in honoring them “young people”. Ale from the other side - slovyanski movi - carrying archaic rice of the Indo-European sleepiness. The first sign of their deep turns. It is natural that with such significant differences in chronology and territory, and archaeological cultures, which will receive successors, there will be differences. It is impossible to name a native culture, in which it would be possible to attack from III yew. BC to the middle of the 1st yew. not.

The congestion of scientific education to the problem of the rise of slov'yanstva led and kraєznavchi zakhoplennya. So, the German historians of the 19th century, all the ancient archeological cultures of Europe, were voiced in German, and the words on the map of Europe did not know the place, and they were placed near the university district of Pinsk Bolit. Ale “Kraєnavchiy” pidkhіd is more important in the literature of different slovak powers and peoples. In Poland, there is a shuffling of words in the warehouse of the Lusatian culture, and the more prevalent “Vistula-Oder” concept of the movement of words. In Belarus, respect should be given to these “Pinsk swamps” themselves. In Ukraine, respect closes on the Right Bank of the Dnipro (“dnipro-buzka” version).

1. THE PROBLEM OF WORD-GERMAN-BALTIC VIDNOSYANS

For a long time, the history of words ran through the minds of the close relationship with the Germans and the Balts. Before the German language, the German language, in the present hour one can hear the Danish, Swedish, Norwegian, English and Dutch song worlds. And also the monuments of one of the well-known German language - Gothic. The Baltic language is represented by the Lithuanian and Latin language, the Prussian language is less than a hundred years old. Significant is the proximity of the words of the Yan and Baltic mov, and instill in the house the similarity of їх іz German, without translation. Nutrition is more than that, because the similarity is calm, vishіdnoy to a single sleepiness, or it is stuffed in the course of tribal interrelationships of different ethnic groups.

In the classical historical-historical mentality, the thought about the meaning of the words of the Japanese-Nimets-Baltic syllability squealed from the outrageous statement about the articulation of the Indo-European language. Such a glance was reached in the middle of the last century by German linguists (K. Zeiss, J. Grimm, A. Schleicher). For example, the past century, according to the theory of two dialectic groups of Indo-European language - zahіdna - centum, skhіdna - satem (the designation of the number "hundred" in similar and zahіdnyh mov), German and Balto-Slovak language language were distinguished in groups.

In this hour, the number of thoughts and ways of explaining the facts themselves has grown significantly. The diversity is shaped by the tradition of fahivtsiv of various sciences to solve problems less on their own material: linguistics in their own way, archaeologists in their own way, anthropologists in their own way. Such a pidkhid, obviously, is to blame for the fact that it is methodologically wrong, shards of historical nutrition cannot be humbled by the wind of history, and they are more against history. The natomistity of the union with history and in the totality of all kinds of data can be taken away even better results.

Chi were the only ones in the ancient times of the Germans, the Balti and the words? The Bulgarian linguist V.I. Georgiev. Vіn pointing out the low importance of the Balto-Slovak and Gothic language. Tim is no less, for a visnovka about їhnyu vihіdnu єdnіst tsikh parallels is not enough. Linguistics must unprovenly attribute the peculiarities of the Gothic language to the Proto-German. On the right, in the fact that, by stretching for a century, the Gothic language was based on the Kremlin in the form of other German language in sharpened third parties, including the Balto-Slovak language. Seen by the linguist as a whole can be explained by the very same rich intermodality.

Vіdomy Vіtchiznyany fahivets іz nіmetsky mov N.S. Suitcases, navpaki, after podіlyav nіmetsku that slov'jansku movi. "Judging by the tributes of the mov, - having laid the wines, - the direct contact of them with the words of the words of the installations is already pizno, perhaps not earlier than our literal number." Tsei vysnovok was divided again by the most prominent Russian linguist F.P. Pugach, and skilki-nebud vagomі arguments to youmu have not yet been cited. Linguistic material, then, does not give evidence to inspire the fact that the Balto-Slovaks and Germans were molding the order.

In German historiography, the Proto-Germans appeared with the culture of corded ceramics and megaliths. Tim an hour of insulting the stench before the Nimtsiv vіdnoshennia can not be. It seems that there are no calm German toponyms in the territory of the Ninish Nimechchini, even though the non-German is represented clearly. Later, the Germans settled in this territory quite early, until the beginning of our land. Meals are better than alternatives: what came the Germans from the pivnoch, chi from the pivdnya.

The toponymy of some pivdenno-Scandinavian territories is directed at the severity of the pivnіchny campaign of the Germans. Ale and in Scandinavia, the Germans appeared hardly a day before the border of ours, and, for example, the Svevi stick out there from the continent only in the era of the Great Migration of Peoples (IV-V centuries AD). The main array of Scandinavian toponymy approaches neither German, nor Celtic (chi “Celtic-Scythian”), as shown in the works of the Swedish scientist R. Johanson and the American Swedish traveler K.Kh. Siholma.

In this cіkavі genealogical retellings of the Normans, they told about the arrival of their “from Asia”, with some association there was a manifestation of the eternally fluffy land, the insanely rich, the colder shore of the Atlantic. In "Young Eddie", geography is represented by three parts of the world - Africa, Europe and Aeneas and Asia, the rest represents Troy. “From pіvnochі to skhіd,” it is written in sazi, “and until the pіvnya the part stretches, called Asia. In this part of the world, everything is beautiful and beautiful, there is a lot of earthly fruits, gold and a koshtovne stone. To the fact that the land itself is beautiful and beautiful in everything, the people who inhabit it are seen by all gifts: wisdom and strength, beauty and all knowledge.

Tror abo Tor is recognized as the founder of the migrants from Troy among the Sazis, having killed his wielder - the Thracian duke Lorikus and the rulers of Thrace. In the twentieth generation of the Torah, Odin was born, to whom it was handed down, which to glorify him at the pivnoch. Picking faceless people, violating pivnich. Saxony, Westphalia, the land of the Franks, Jutland - are rooted in the same genus, then we go straight to Sweden. The Swedish king Gyulvi, recognizing that people came from Asia, who are called aces, proponing Odin panuvati over the earth.

Tsіkavo Mіrkuvannya about Mov ASIV: "Asi took themselves the teams at Tіy Earth, and the activities of the same name were called і Sinіv, and Schi'ilki Posnozhniya їkhnє offspring, Scho Skonii fucked by Ski Kraїvіv, and Zhvіdti і поi pіvnіchnіyi Schіuta, so from Asia, having become my all lands, and people respect that by the recorded names of their ancestors one can judge that these names belonged to your own mov, that they brought asi here on pіvnіch - to Norway and Sweden, to Denmark and Saksі Kravi. And in England, the old names of the lands and the worlds, which, obviously, do not look like a city, like another”.

"Young Edda" was written in the 20th century of the XIII century. Ale, two earlier versions, related to the Aces-Normans. The “Norman Chronicle” of the 12th century, in which case the rights of the Norman Duke Rollon to the harvest of France (“Normandy”) on the cob of the 10th century, the shards themselves came from the 2nd century of the Normandy from the Don. On the vineyards of France, burial grounds are taken care of, filled with Alans. Sprinkled stench and on other months of the pivnіchny sunset of Europe, the memory of which to serve and immediately expand the im'ya Alan abo Aldan (at the Celtic voice). The last dzherelom is the chronicle of the XII century Annalist Saxo. They name the exact date of resettlement: 166 AD.

In Sazi about Ynglіngakh (recorded as "Young Edda" by Snorri Sturluson, maybe, from the words of the skald of the IX century Tjodolf) there is about the Great Svіtod (it is interpreted as "Great Sweden"), as it occupied the great areas of Tanaїs (tobto Don). Here was the land of asiv - Asaland, the leader of some kind of buv Odin, and Asgard as the head city. Following the transfer, Odin, having left the brothers in Asgard, having moved the greater part of the pivnich, then on the way through Gardariki, after which we turned on the pivden to Saxony. In Saz, you can get exactly the idea of ​​the Volga-Baltic Way, and Gardariki is the region from the Upper Volga to the Skhidnaya Baltic, where the western direction is directly changed to the other. After a number of relocations, Odin settles in Old Sigtuni near Lake Melarn, and this region is called Svіtod abo Mannheim (living of people), and the Great Holy will be called Godheim (living of the gods). After death, Odin turned to Asgard, taking with him the warriors who perished in battles. In this rank, "Great Sweden", which adds even more significance to the Swedish literature and inspires the Normanists, is not similar to Kievan Rus, but the Don Saltivska culture and archeologically, and anthropologically succumb to itself Dzherelakh IX - XII centuries were called "Rus".

Tsikavo, that the image of the Scandinavians is commemorated by the Germans (for the rahun of the patches of cultures of corded ceramics and megaliths, as well as the Ural elements). Language of ancestors and natives Odina is also far away from the continental Germans. The plot of the connection with the “aces” is only one thing understood by the sagas: “aces”, “yases” were called the Alans of the Don region and the Pivnichny Caucasus (under such names they stink in the Russian chroniclers).

Tsіkavo th those that anthropologists consider close to the image of the continental Germans to the Thracians. The very assimilation of the words by the Danubians from the Danubian region of the Thracian population created a somewhat paradoxical situation: all words are anthropologically closest to the Nimts of the Ninish Bulgarians, and not the susidi of Nimechchini. Proximity to the image of the continental Germans to the Thracians gives a direct search for their wild turns: the stinks were in the field of cultures of string ceramics and within the framework of її they protruded on the pivnіchny zahіd, zіshtovkhuyuchi or radiating to their own pace and tribes of a different look.

The Germans are superficially visible on the Lower Elbe at the borders of the Yastorf culture, approximately from the turn of the 7th-6th centuries. to the sound e. Near the midlands there is a commemorative Celtic inflow (of the cultures of the Hallstatt and later Latensian cultures). Like a crack in the buffer zones, between the Celtic and German tribes, there was a repeated interpenetration of cultures, and then one, then another. Ale ahead of the day e. in the wake of the ubiquitous accession of the Celtic cultures, the priority is for the Germans.

The ultimate linguistic argument against the hypothesis about the basis of the unity of the Germans with the Balto-Slovaks is the existence of any intermediate dialects. Three peoples, susidom from the first riddles about them in the letters of the dzherelakh, but it is obvious that for the hour of their territorial rapprochement they were formed into a modern, cultural and social relationship.

Archaeologically, the early stage of the German and Balto-Slovenian interrelationships can be passed around the 3rd century BC. e. groups of the Jastorfsky population beyond the right bank of the Oder to the area of ​​expansion at that time of the Pomeranian culture. Є pripuschennya, scho pіznіshe tsі pribultsі bіdtіsnі back by the tribes of oksіvskoї culture, but the decision can be y іnhim: in the hour of trivalo vzaєmodії groups of yastorftsіv could know the influx of the mass population, if they wanted to save their language. Itself here, ymovirno, the Goths and possibly the deyaks and other tribes close to them were formed, the culture of which was commemoratively revived in the days of the Germans.

Zagalom, nourishing the basis of the German-Balto-Slovak "Janian" sleepiness to do one-way variance negatively

2. THE PROBLEM OF THE WORD-BALTIC VIDNOSYANS

The problem of the Balto-Slovak "Janian" coherence calls for more super-events, less nutrition about the German-Balto-Slovak "Janian unity". The differences appeared already in the 18th century, in the superechtsi M.V. Lomonosov with the first Normanists, under the hour of some Russian teachings, having brought respect to the factual cultural closeness of the Balts and words. In view of the explanation of the reasons for the nature of the nearness of the significant world to lie and the verse of nutrition about the word "Janian prabatkivshchina" and the vagali nutrition about the understanding of the vindication of the word "yanstva". Ale, with all the obov'yazkovo slid vrahovuvati such a way: Germanic shards were autochthonous to the inhabitants of the Zahidno-Baltic territories, nourishment of the great-Baltic region, and the words are not guilty of anything, they are put in staleness in the presence of obviousness, and similarities are similar to that.

The closeness of the words of the Yan and Balto-Lithuanian language is obvious. Well, the problem is related to the identified reasons for this phenomenon: it is the result of a tribal residence in the existence of two ethnic groups, or a stepwise separation of the cobweb of a single sleepiness. Zim po'yazana the problem of establishing an hour of convergence or, navpaki, rozbіzhnosti both linguistic groups. Practically, it means z'yasuvannya nourishment, chi є words'janska mova autochthonous (tobto indigenous) on the territory, which adjoins to the Balts, chi wines of introductions I am centrally or navit pіvdno-evropeyskoy ethnіchnoy group. It is also necessary to specify the expatriate territory of the Baltic states.

In the Russian mentality of the late 19th - early 20th centuries, the thought about the end of the Balto-Slovakian slumber was overwhelmed. Tsey glanced at the situation, zokrema, A.A. Shakhiv. Protilezhnoy thoughts to finish sequentially dorimuvavsya, perhaps, less than I.A. Baudouin de Courtenay, and the Latin linguist Ya.M. Endelin. A. Meijer recognized the closeness of these languages ​​to foreign philosophies. In the past, the idea of ​​establishing a common language mayzhe was safely accepted by Polish linguists and rebuffed by Lithuanian ones. One of the most important arguments for the morbidity of late sleepiness is the fact of morphological proximity of the two, on the basis of which I give special respect to V.I. Georgiev. In the present hour, like beyond the cordon, so in Russia there are prikhilniks and tієї, and other points of dawn.

Chi not more differences are blamed through the difference of knowledge of the external material. The thesis about the autochthonousness of nimtsiv in Pivnichniy Europe among rich robots is accepted as such. The presence of visible traces of the closeness of the German language with the words of the Janskian prompts to the whispers of the “podilnik”. So, in view of the Polish teachings T. Ler-Splavinsky, having placed between the words and the Germans the Illirians, and the Baltics, having observed the pivnіchniy skhid, vvazhayuchi, that the words were closer to the Germans. F.P. Pugach, now, bachiv more mature rice from the Germans with the Balts, and on the basis of the localization of the words on the pivdenniy skhіd from the Balts, in the region of Pripyat and the Middle Dnipro. B.V. The hornung is also corrected in regard to the autochthonousness of the Germans in Pivnochi, so that the territory of the words is meant to be carried far away on the first meeting in the city of their piznishogo living. Ale, Germanic shards were autochthonous to the populations of the Zahidno-Baltic territories, nourishment of the great-Baltic regions and the words of the Baltics are not to blame for anything, because of the obviousness of the presence of the presence of that movi similarity with the Germans.

By itself, the food about the journey of the Balts is forgiven, the shards of the resettlement of the Balts as a whole grow out of the zone of expansion of cultures of cord ceramics. However, there are problems;

There are two anthropological types in Pivnichny Europe and the Baltic States from the Mesolithic and Early Neolithic eras, one of them is close to the population of the Dniprovsky Nadporozhzhya, and the other is Laponoids. With the arrival of the culture tribes of the fighting sokir and the vaga of the Indo-European population, the population grows. Totally imovirno, that the insults of the Indo-Europeans were close in terms of modernity, even if they were imminent, caused by timchasov, they were inevitable. This was a proto-Baltic language, recorded in toponymy to cover the great regions of Northern Europe. The laponoid population, perhaps, spoke only the language of the Urals, which is also indicated in the onomastics of these territories. Significant part of the population was assimilated by the Indo-Europeans, but in the world of the deadly passing of the Finno-Finnish groups of the Finno-Ugric groups, the cordoni of the Indo-European mos again collapsed on the foreign lands. At the 2nd yew. BC the winds of the tribes of the zrubno culture culture reach the Baltic states, but the stench didn’t inject a stench, either through their small number, or because of their cultural closeness.

The tribes that poked their way into the Baltics for hours to establish the Unetitsky and Lusatian cultures (XIII-VI centuries BC) brought more originality. Tse, ymovіrno, those same tribes, yakі brought the ethnonym "Venedi" to the Baltics, and the Baltic Sea itself was turned into "Venedska Zatoka". In due time A.A. Chess, who recognized the Baltic venets by the Celts, having assigned to him the Romance-Italian elements, the stench was also recognized as the Baltic language. Near the most populated coastal smuga of the Baltic Sea, yak was occupied by Venedi, zokrema, on the territory of Estonia (and not only) there is a clearly deviated (and dosi, which is taken) house of the Pontian (or wider - Mediterranean) anthropological type, venetian squalor.

In front of the division, it was thought about the toponymic "trikutnik" - Malaya Asia-Adriatica-Pivdenno-Skhidna Baltic. The waters of the main Baltic territory of the wines do not stick around. Still, the closeness of the Venetians and the Baltics is still visible. At Vіfіnії vіdoma river "Upios". Parallels can be with Lithuanian "upe", and Prussian "ape", and old Indian "ap" - "water". In connection with these parallels, you can but and name the river of Pivdenny Bug and Kuban (iranized by form) - Hypanis. In other words, with the venets to the Baltics come the population, close to the coastal Indo-Aryans, for the movement (the Aryans themselves went not only to the exit, but also to the pivnichny departure).

V.I. Georgiyev to provide an indirect proof of the foundation of the Balto-Slovakian tradition in the history of Indo-Iranian sleepiness. Guess what, such sleepiness is only found in the most recent written monuments, and not in modern language.

Slovian language is fixed for 2000, and Lithuanian for 2500 years later “Rigvedi” and “Avesti”, but we still cannot prove the translation. "Rig Veda" and "Avesta" appeared in the period when the Iranian and Indian tribes were in contact, then the stench practically did not stick together. The Slovyans and the Balti interchangeably interacted as judges less often from the hours of "Rigvedi" and "Avesti", and it is necessary to explain why there are no intermediate dialects between them, tsimi hoch and disputed, albeit movs.

But in the arguments of the opponents, in the concept of the basis of the Balto-Slovak "Janian" law and vagomimi, krіm zgadanih, it is necessary to recognize the obvious differences in such areas, which were important in the old era. Tse i rahunok up to ten, and identify parts of the body, and name the closest relatives, as well as the sign of the practice. In these areas, there are practically no signs of zbіgіv: zbіg pochinayutsya only from the epoch of metal. And it’s logical to admit that in the era that changed to the Bronze Age, the ancient Slavs lived all the same in such a faraway place from the Baltics. Henceforth, it is hardly possible to speak about the basis of the pochatkovo Balto-Slovak "Janian" sleepiness.

3. DE I YAK SHUKATI PRAVODINA SLOV'YAN?

The impossibility of the concept of the emerging Germanic-Balto-Slovoyansk and more local Balto-Slovakian cohesion sounds like possible "candidates" for the role of Proto-Slovakian archeological cultures. Practically, there are whispers of such middle "young" cultures (V-VI Art.), Oskіlki was recognized as being close to the Bronze Age or the Early Salvation Age. For this reason, it was accepted that the thought of A.L. Mongait about the emergence of the Slovak ethnos itself is only close to the 6th century AD. No more support for the concept of I.P. Rusanova, to introduce words from Przeworsk culture - zahіdnі interі Poland II Art. to the sound e. - IV Art. n. i.e., which adjoin with their own borders to the regions with the Baltic populations. The version of one of the most important examples of early and middle-class vocabulary by V.V. Sedov, to introduce words from the region of the Western Balts, summaries from the Lusatian culture of the rest of the century, the foundation is the sub-klosh culture of V-II Art. to the sound e.

F.P. Pugach, who didn’t say the words’ trip to the Balts, introducing words to the territory from the Dnieper to the Zahidny Bug. Doslidnik was ahead of the fact that this territory was inhabited by words from the 1st yew. BC e. Chi buli words earlier and de the same stink buli - wine at any stage, respecting the inseparable food.

Uvaga B.A. Ribakova and P.M. Tretyakov was acquired by the Tshinets culture of the bronze doby (bl. 1450-1100 BC), which occupied the territory from the Oder to the Dnieper. The existence of the Baltic cultures in the Qiu epoch no longer calls for food from the point of view of the current laws, but in the culture itself, it is clearly observed that two different ethnic cremations have been mixed up:

In other words, this culture, perhaps, was the first dotik of the words of the Balti. It’s true that there is a lot of food, that they started talking about the facts, that they pointed to the Balto-Slovak affinity. Ale vinikaє іnsha problem: yakscho tse words'yani, yakі spochatku osvoyuyut neslov'yanskuyu territory, then the stench came here? The culture was firstly revealed by Polish scientists, and the stench was not suspected that it would expand to the Dnieper. On the Dnipro, the most significant manifestations of culture were revealed, and B.A. Ribakov let it go, that the width went not from the entrance to the exit, but from the exit to the exit. However, such a visnovok is before the hour. At the skhodі at this hour panuvala zrubna culture, at the borders of such a place there are no words for chi proslov'yans. That is why it is enough to be attracted to the pivdenno-zahіdnih territories, the summіzhnyh іz ієyu culture.

O.M. Trubachov. Following A. Mey, he logically adopted the fact of the archaic nature of the words of the Jansk language, as a sign of the old age and deyshov vysnovka, that archaism is a legacy of the combination of proto-European and proto-European words. Singingly, it would be better to talk about the zbіg of the territory, which was engaged in the ancient Slavs, with one of the great groups of Indo-Europeans. Vedeniy Timing Zapi Nіmeziy Fakhivtsi, Yaki VM) Vysteropayitskіvshchina Іndoєvropeyitsіv at Centralnіy єvropi (Pivnіchnіsh for Alpi), Alle in the framework of the Central Concept), Ale, within the framework of the Central Concepts), Alletnikhna, Glybin did not go beyond Eneolahi, Scho Svіtlі Bakhatkochochi. As for the search for the most ancient words on this territory, then the number of arguments can be expanded for the sake of understanding both linguistic and archaeological-anthropological material.

Our anthropological literature has two different versions of the problem of the word-Janian ethnogenesis. One of them lies T.A. Trofimova, and the second - T.I. Oleksiyeva. Follow these days, they wake up both for the approaches, and for the visnovkas. One of the essences of differences among T.A. Trofimova and T.I. Alekseyeva Polyaga in the evaluation of the Slavic ethnogenesis of the population culture and strichkovo ceramics. At T.A. Trofimov's population is one of the main components, and itself, virushayuchi in її vvedennija, V.P. Kobichov poov'yazuє vyhіdny slov'yansky type іz ієyu culture. Tim an hour, as shown by T.I. Aleksєєva and confirmed by a number of other anthropologists, the population of the cultures of strichkovo ceramics could enter the warehouse of words either as a substrate, or as a superstratum, but at the warehouse of the nіmtsіv tsey element would be primary.

Tsikava that nasichena article by T.A. Trofimova was guided by autochthonic theories, which were panned in the 40s of the XX century, and was aimed against Indo-European comparative studies. In the result, having pointed out the presence of different components in the warehouse of words, the author did not respect for the possibility of “discerning what kind of these types is like a typical ancient Slavic type”. As well as vrahuvati, that these types were included in the warehouse of the Germans and other peoples, then anthropology was practically excluded from the sciences, which took their part in the virishenny problems of ethnogenesis.

Roboti T.I. Aleksey'voi appeared in the 1960s-1970s, if the borders of autochthonism and stadiality were overhauled. The vrahuvannya of migration of tribes and the inexhaustible position of comparative studies sharply raises the significance of anthropology in the history of the peoples. Anthropology has become not only a tool for revising the position of linguistics and archeology, but also an important source of original information, as it requires a theoretical theoretical understanding. Taking into account the accumulated material, anthropology gives, on a growing scale, a variety of nutrition, as in some spivde relations, ancient ethnic studies converged and diverged.

In kіlkіsny vіdnoshnіnі nіnіprstavіnіshі v sovіlі slov'yanstva є є sovremennya kіl'kіsny vіdnoї keramіki cultures. The most typical for the cultures of Corded Ware, the broad-faced, long-headed population is close to the Slovyans from the Balts, creating an hour of non-exhaustive aggravation of their anthropological delimitation. The presence in the warehouse of the lexicon of this component in the case, prote, on the territory of the richer, lower area of ​​​​the Baltic toponymy, the sporadic population occupied in the Neolithic and Bronze Ages a significant part of the left-bank Ukraine, as well as the pivnіchno-zahіdі uzhopizhya. Here we can see the expansion zone of the Dinaric anthropological type, which is manifested in the current population of Albania and Yugoslavia (especially among the Montenegrins, Serbs and Croatians) and which sound is identified with ancient Illirians.

I commemorate the fate of the folded slov'yanstvo took the same tribes buried in stone boxes and cultures of ringing goblets, as they also died at the cysts (stone boxes). Oskіlki slov'yani, behind T.I. Oleksiyevoy, the type of “pivnichno-European, dolichocephalic, light-pigmented race and pivdenno-European brachycephalic, dark-pigmented” race. The population of the culture of calling cups should be given special respect for the ultimate problem and the prabatkivism of words.

It is a pity that the Mayzha culture is not cultivated. Sounds like it will expand from Pivnichnoy Africa to Spain. Here they change the culture of megaliths, then close to 1800 BC. To finish the shvidko moving partly to the western shores of the Atlantic, entering the storehouse of the future Celts, partly to Central Europe, where their burial grounds are fixed. The coils of this culture are visible here near the Middle Mediterranean, it is possible to see Central Asia near the Front. Obviously, among the native stosunkas, among the populations, heti and pelazgi were exchanged (in times, their resettlement took place at the borders of one and the same tієї and Indo-European hvili). The liguri themselves, who occupied Pivnichna Italy, will appear to the very same Indo-European splendour, which are called by some old-timers a deadly gorilla of pelasgiv. And even more noticeably, the main deity of the ligurs was Kupavon, the functions of which were combined with the functions of the words of the English Kupala, and the main cult of Pivnichny Italy lived to the middle. Viplivaє z tsgogo, між іншм, and those who in the alpine zone, in the order of the proslovyans, were known and close to them for my і, it is possible, viruvannyam, but independent tribes.

Lantsyug toponyms, which go from Spanish Lusitania through Pivnichnu Italy to the Baltic states, belong to the Indo-European population, moreover, yogo ghilka, near the root “meadow” and “wad-vand” signify the valley and water. Strabo stating that the word “vada” among the Ligurians means milk water, but in the Balkans, near the settlement zone of the Pelasgians, among the Roman villages the rivers are called “Vada” for the sake of their appointment. The ethnonym “Pelazgi” itself needs to be fully explained by itself from the words of the Yan language. This is a literal transfer of the ethnos "people of the sea" to ancient authors (in the literature there is a variant for "pelazgiv" like "flat surface"). Back in the 19th century, P. Shafarik, having shown in wide extension in the words of the Yang language, the designation of the water surface as "pelso" (one of the most ancient names of the words of the Yang version is Balaton) or "pleso". Named the lake and the Russian town of Pleskiv (Pskov), and the Bulgarian "Pliska". Take care of the understanding and at the current sign of a wide water surface - "ples". The word “goїti” means to live, also in not so long ago (“ізгой” means “living” from the vastness of the other supple structure). Significant retelling of the early words of the Jansk toponymy in the Danubian region by P. Shafarik. Not long ago, V.P. Kobichovim.

Words from the Baltics are known, the first for everything, the presence in their warehouses of the Central European Alpine racial type and the population of the culture of ringing cups. Ethnic winds also penetrated to the Baltics from midday, and then there were other winds. Pvdenne the population drank here, pevne, less like houses near the warehouses of venetiv and illirijtsiv, perhaps different hvil kіmmerіytsiv, who passed through Asia Minor and the Balkans. І trips, and mov tsikh ethnіchnyh groups bul to dosit close. Mova, perhaps, sounded in the area of ​​the Thraco-Cimmerian culture in the Carpathian region, the shards of such a wine are also blamed for the hour of resettlement from the Black Sea and the left bank of the Dnieper. The language of the near-Alpine population, so the very language of the culture of ringing cups, grew up in the Balto-Dnieper and coastal seaside villages.

Prialpіyske populatednja spochatku, maybe, at the turns of the Indo-European Buv. Although in Celtic language a non-Indo-European substratum is clearly manifested, then this is not visible in the Slovyan language. To this, only the Indo-European tribes gave a real injection to the language of the population, among the most significant were the tribes of the culture of the ringing cups.

In the present hour, it is important to say: the word "Janian language" came in the "ready" look to Central Europe, otherwise it is formed here in the aftermath of the population of the cultures of ringing goblets and various variants of cultures, which go to the front tribes of the culture of corded ceramics. Trivale, the state, without a doubt, mixed the ancient Slavic language with the Illyro-Venetian and Celtic language. As a result, there is an uninterrupted process of mutual assimilation and vindication of intermediate dialects at the borders of different tribal communities.

T.I. Aleksєєva, pripuskaє yak, scho culture dzvonovih kubkіv Je mozhlivim vihіdnim slov'yanskim antropologіchnim type vkazuє on blizkіst davnoruskogo i navіt Suchasnyj pridnіprovskogo population sama prialpіyskіy zonі: Ugorschini, Avstrії, Shveytsarії, Pіvnіchnoї Іtalії, Pіvdennoї Nіmechchini, pіvnochі Balkans. And in this way I go myself about the movement of protoslovyans from going to the skhіd, and not navpak. Historically, this type of expansion stretches back to Moravia and Czech Republic, then to the future tribes of streets, tiverts, drevlyans. Say for an hour, if such a population collapsed from Central Europe to a retreat, anthropology cannot, shards, like in the majority of the tribes of Central Europe, among the words, the corpse-bed expands, and by two and a half thousand anthropologists are spared the ability to step out for the tribes. Natom_st vіd tsієї epoch dіyshov is a significant toponymic and other current material. And here is the most important contribution to lie down O.M. Trubachov.

There are ten years before the development of the region about the birth of the Indo-Europeans and the words of the teachings. The most important stages were books about the roman terminology (the words were close to the ancient Roman one), then about the names of the river and other toponyms in the region of the Right Bank of the Dnipro, de order of the words of the Janskian are used in the Illirian. І nareshti, searches for the words of the "Janian toponymy" in the Danube, the sounds of Russian, Polish, and Czech chroniclers (something in the legendary form) brought up the words "yan and Russian.

At the robots O.M. Trubachov, ring out, the chronology is no longer visible: it’s so old. The chronology of the times is brought in by archaeologists and historians. Ukrainian archeologists, zokrema, O.I. Terenozhkin, made a thought about slovenism cumulatively with the Cimmerians of the Chornoli culture of the X-VII century BC. It is noteworthy that the near-cordon smoothies were mixed with Cimmerians and black leaves along the river Tyasmin in the VIII century BC. e. fortifications of the settlement appeared, which showed about the separation of the Chornolists and Cimmerians, which had become stronger. It is most noteworthy for the one who was revealed by O.N. The trumpeting words of the Jansk toponymy overlapped the Chornolisk archaeological culture, right up to the sunset on the left bank of the Dnipro, there were pivdenno-shidnyh between cultures. Such a zbіg is a rare change in ethnogenetic roses.

Through the war, the Chornolysk culture became a supremacy, and at the ruins it went deep, and at the sight of the advancing attackers. With all the traces of the mother in the countryside, from Central Europe, new settlers pass the old traces, and between the steppe and the forest-steppe, the rich will be the arena for the most crooked zіtknen of the steppe nomads and donkey farmers. It is also necessary to call on those who, with an ear of social development and native tribes, are included in the struggle between themselves.

Virishennya nutrition about the ethnic affiliation of the Chornoli culture helps to understand the nature of the greater early Tshinetskoy. In this language, the path of the most ancient words from the Alpine regions to the Dnipro is indicated. In ciomu, the rite of corpse-sleeping, pevne, and vyyavlyaє vlasne words'yan, the same as in the rite of corpse-laying, the word'yansky anthropological type does not look like ideas. Tse, ymovіrno, was more important for the Baltic population. Imaginatively, the same here and becoming the first contact of words with the Balts, which fully explains the similarity and diversity of quiet and others in the language. Here, within the framework of the culture, the dark-pigmented brachycephalic brachycephalus intertwined with light dolichocranes and asimiluvav їх.

4. MIDDLE PIDNEPROV'YA IN THE SCIAFO-SARMATIAN HOUR

For all the importance of the very ethnic history of the Middle Dnieper, for the sake of explaining the rich aspects in the past history of the word, that molding of the old Russian state of the white flames here is even richer. Weakly reported to Blogrudivska (XII-X centuries BC) and Chornoliska culture, zokrema, their connection with Tshinetska, wanting to show - respectful in every way - connection with Central Europe. Chi is not easy and go to the next crops. There are obvious reasons for this: one of the main indicators of culture (material and spiritual) is the funeral rite - among the tribes from the corpse-sleeping arc, it practically leaves the archaeologists only ceramics. O.M. Trubachov, arguing with archaeologists, who accept the changes in material culture as a change in ethnic groups, respect, not without irony, that the change in the ornament on the ships in the fire may not mean anything, krіm modi, yak, zvіsno, y davnina

Changes in culture on the Middle Dnipro could also be caused by a change in the population in the steppe regions, as well as through permanent migration from the entry or the entry to the skhid and pivdenny skhid. Same on the cob of the VII century BC. Cimmerians go from the Black Sea coast, and after ten years the Scythians come to the steppe. Chi was saved in the city by the large number of agricultural population? B.A. Ribakov at the book "Herodot's Scythia" to bring about what was saved and saved the same self-sufficiency. Vіn zvetaє respect, zokrema, for those who, on the stalk of the steppe and fox-steppe smuga, de and in the Cimmerian hours, the settlement was fortified, the cordon smuga was replaced by a larger world. Tse reconciliation of evidence of the heterogeneity of the territory, designated by Herodotus as “Scythia”. And important is the introduction itself on the basis of the "Scythian" pivnich "Scythian-orachiv" with its cults and ethnological retellings. Tsіkavo, that in these tribes there lived a story about their living in the same place for a thousand years. In this period, the retelling escalates with realities: a thousand rokiv before Herodotus passed from the cob of chimney culture in the Black Sea, and a thousand rokіv watered the “Scythian-orakiv” from the vinification of the Tshinetsky culture.

According to the legend, "golden objects fell from the sky into the Scythian land: a plow, a yoke, a juice and that cup." Archeologists know the cult cups in the Scythian graves, but in their bases there are forms, expanded in the pre-Scythian hour in the forest-steppe cultures - Bilogrudivska and Chornoliska (XII-VIII centuries).

Herodotus was confused by different versions of the number of the Scythians: "It is true that the Scythians are numerically more numerous, and behind the others - the root Scythians ... even less." In the period of the expansion of the Scythian union, the same culture is expanding, richly non-Scythian territories. It seems to be approximately the same as in Central Europe at the link with the birth of the Celts: in practice, all cultures have a Latensian influx. If the rest of the centuries before ours the Scythians have been mysteriously born (according to the version of the pseudo-Hippocrates, the stench has been born), on the territory of the Scythians, old traditions and, perhaps, old movies are being revived. The invasion immediately of the Sarmatians took the fall of the Scythians, but after pouring the Sarmatians on the Mist tribes, they appeared smaller, lower than their predecessors.

In the VI century BC. on the territory of Ukrainian and Belarusian Polissya, a new culture is emerging, called Milogradskaya. Pivdenno-zahіdnі risi, scho in nіy vyznachayutsya, allow to allow moving part of the population in front of the mountains of the Carpathians near the forest area of ​​the Pripyat basin. At the thought of the dosledniks, there is a story about Herodotus' guessing of Neuri, yak, who, not long ago, went up the road to the Black Sea, flooded the first territory through a pile of snakes. Sound loudly that the totem of the serpent was among the Thracians and Herodotus simply literally spread the word about the invasion of the tribe with such a totem. Culture woke up to the 1st-2nd century AD. i.e. it was ruined and crossed by the tribes of the Zarubinets culture, which was vinyl in the II century BC. e.

Peretin, this intertwining of the Milograd and Zarubynets cultures gave rise to a discussion: how can the words of the Jansk be taken into account? With whom, the super girls went mainly about the Zarubintska culture, and took their share from them for the world's richest dosledniks. Most of the archaeologists of Ukraine and Belarus recognized the culture of the Slavic peoples. Consistently on the great material of all the visnovoks, bringing P.M. Tretyakov. Authoritative archeologists I.I. Lyapushkin and M.I. Artamonov, and V.V. Sedov got to know the culture of the Baltic.

Zarubynetska culture was born overnight from Przeworsk in Poland. The rest included a part of the territory, which had previously been part of the warehouse of the Lusatian culture and deyakі archaeologists bachiled in nіy primary words. Ale Slavicism is brought about by the traditions of material culture, and by the logic of the historical and genetic process. B.A. Rybakov vvazhav nevipadkovym, scho insult cultures repeat between tshinetskoy culture, and zarubynetska also і promіzhnu chornoliska. The Zarubintsy were tied up with the Celts, who had settled down to the Carpathians, and the guilty bulis were constantly defending themselves in May, and once they appeared there was a cordon in the forest-steppe of the Sarmatian tribes.

Dosi along the forest-steppe for hundreds of kilometers stretch rows of shafts, which are called “Serpents” or “Troyans” from ancient times. They were dated in a different way - from the 7th century BC. to the era of St. Volodymyr (X century). Alevals were obviously created for the invasion of the same territory of Zarubynets culture, and it is natural that the Kiev enthusiast O.S. Bugay knows materially prove that the stench of the stench was on the border of our land.

It is noteworthy that the settlements of the Zarubinets culture were fortified. Evidently, the citizens of Zarubin lived peacefully from the pіvnіchnym and zahіdnimi suсіdami. And in the steppe, where the Sarmatians roamed at the same time, they were surrounded by ramparts inaccessible to cinematographers. Vali and at the same time to celebrate the defeat. І postaє zavomіrne nutriment: naskіlki organizovanіm can uє buti suspіlstvo, schob zvodіt takі sporud? And the community, judging by the inhabitants, did not yet know the unevenness: there was a mass of free community members in rich settlements.

Zarubynetska culture, nadіyno covered from pivdnya, fell in the II century AD. in the wake of the new heaped from the pivnіchny entry. P.M. Tretyakov knows to prove that zarubintsy moved to the pivnіchniy skhіd and skhіd to the left bank of the Dnipro, and later they are angry with the new slander of the word'yansk migrants from Central Europe.

Being the last pribіchnik of the concept of the words of the Jansk power of the Zarubynets culture, P.N. Tretyakov did not show his position to the milogradivtsiv, repeatedly shirking now to one side, then to the other (the very Baltic) side. O.M. Melnykivska. The main middle of these arguments is the fact of localization of culture significantly on the first day, lower it was transferred earlier: at the top of the Desnya and Pivdenny Bug. Here, the most early reminders of the milogradivtsiv and ruh їх on the pіvnіchniy skhіd were circulated, which are prostzhuєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєє dannym dannymi, chronologically spіvpadє z resettlement of Herodotus neurіv.

O.M. Melnikovskaya does not recognize the ethnic affiliation of milogradivtsiv-neurivs, proving the predominance of words and connoisseurs of milogradivtsiv those signs, like P.M. Tretyakov bringing the wording of Zarubintsiv. Belarusian archaeologist L.D. Pobіl skhilny buv bachiti in milogradіvtsyah zarubintsіv zarubintsіv. V.P. Kobychov, not showing milogradivtsіv z neurami, scribbled about their Celtic trip. Ale zv'yazok here, maybe, indirect, indirect. The tribes that stepped out of the Carpathian Mountains to the pivnіchniy skhіd could have taken the fate of the added milogradіvtsіv. Tse abo illiro-veneti, abo words'yani abo native tribes. Illyrian presence is fixed at the upper Desnya and Bug, even though the toponymy of the region, occupied by milogradivtsy, is slandered. And the Celts were in order. Archaeological investigations in Rumunia made it possible to reveal the existence of the Milograd culture of the Celtic origin of the 4th century BC. e.

Obviously, it is not the Baltian way of the Milograd culture that is nourished in the same way and at the same time Zarubynetska. Baltic culture could be known only in that moment, yakby could be missed when foreigners came from one of the names of the Baltic regions. Ale, in all these regions, after the vindication of the Zarubinets culture, there was a change in life.

Ale, being offended by the words of the Yan, the cultures obviously did not laugh, they quarreled one by one. Having leaned on one territory, the stench did not hesitate. Tse give a suggestion that you have come to the territory of the Zarubintsy yet call. The advent of their milograd culture killed the trade of the Baltic tribes. And the stench could come only from the sunset, from the pivnіchny entry to the pivnіchny entry. L.D. Pobіl means that the culture “has already few elements of western cultures and inconspicuously more of pivdenno-zahіdny, Celtic”. Types of ships that look like seafarers, the author is known from the Hallstatt burials of Radomsk, as well as from the burials on this territory of the Bronze Age.

In this manner, the presence of the Slavic population from the 15th century B.C. to the 2nd century A.D. Ale prabatkіvshchina tsya territory is not є. The ancestral home was lost to Central Europe.

In II-IV Art. not. the words were included to the storehouse of Chernyakhiv culture, the territory of which they ottozhnyuyut from the Gothic state of Germanarikh. V Art. words became the majority of the population of the Hunnic state of Atilli. On the vіdmіnu vіd vіd miyovnіchі hіvіv і teh germantsіv, slov'yani did not take part in the battles. That's why the stench does not linger in the letters of the dzherel, but in the archeological culture at that hour the words of the Jansk risi are clearly spelled out. After the collapse of the power of Attila, words will enter the historical arena.

At VI-VII Art. words spread across the Baltics, the Balkans, the Mediterranean, the Dnieper, reach Spain and Pivnichno Africa. Approximately three quarters of the Balkan Pivostrov were conquered by the words of the century. The whole area of ​​Macedonia, which adjoined to Thessaloniki, was called "Skladannya". Until the turn of VI-VII Art. one can hear reports about the hardships of the Slavic fleets, which sailed around Thessaly, Achaea, Epira and reached to navit pivdenny Italy and Crete. Mayzhe skrіz slov'yani asimіlyuyut mіstseve population. In the Baltics - venedіv and pіvnіch іllіrіytsіv, baltiyskі words are formed at the result. In the Balkans - thracians, the result is blamed for the pivdenny globule of slang.

The Byzantine and German middle-novice authors called the words "Sklavins" (pivdenna gіlka of words) and "antami" (shіdna words'yanska gіlka). Slovyans, who lived on the pristine coast of the Baltic Sea, were sometimes called “Veneds” or “Venets”.

Archaeologists have unearthed reminders of the material culture of the Slavs and Antivs. The sklavins were given the territory of the archaeological culture of Prague-Korchak, as it expanded on the front of the Dniester. At the gathering in the middle of the river, another word's culture - penkivska - was founded. That buli anti.

VI - on the cob VII Art. the territory of their current residence was settled by skhidnoslovyansk tribes - from the Carpathian mountains at the entrance to the Dnipro and the Don at the descent to Lake Ilmen at the pivnoch. Tribal unions of similar words - inhabitants of pivnoch, drevlians, krivichi, vyatichi, radimich, glade, dregovichi, polochani and іn. - they were also actually powers, in which they founded the Kremlin in the form of suspіlstva, but princely power, which was controlled by him. On the territory of the future Old Russian state, the Slavs assimilated a lot of other peoples - the Baltic, Finno-Ugric, Iranian and other. Such a rank formed the old-Russian nationality.

Until the ninth century Slovian tribes, lands, princedoms occupied great territories that overwhelmed the area of ​​rich lands of Western Europe.

Literature:

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Aleksiev V.P. Adventures of the peoples of Northern Europe. M., 1969.
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Apollon Kuzmin