Social and psychological standards of communication. Social awareness of the development of the norms of intelligence. The system of social norms

Under social norms, nothing else can be understood, like songs and rules of conduct, like entrenched in society. Dane zakrіplennya vіdbulosya vnaslіdok praktіnії іyalnosti, yakої s'avіvnі standards, as well as models of behavior, recognized as standard. Social norms of behavior determine those how a person may find himself in singing situations. I am ashamed of the stink of the world and those who can be that other people.

Social norms of numbers:
- Norms of morality. One is good, and the other is filthy, one is good, and the other is evil. Sound, with sanctions in times of hromadske condemnation, and inspire proof of conscience;
- Rules of etiquette. Tse normi splkuvannya, the rules are too thin. The stench is to blame those, as a person is guilty of being in a suspense;
- The stench is enshrined in the laws. Їхнє nedotrimannya leading the sovereign sanctions;
- traditions and sounds. The stench creaked in the wake of trival repetitions;
- Political norms. As you might call it, stench regulates political life. Qi norms are fixed in international treaties, charters;
- Aesthetic standards. Zastosovuyutsya hundred and completely the creation of the art, vchinkіv people toshcho;
- regulate the visibility in the middle of any organization;
- Religious norms. Mistya at the sacred writings.

Social norms and sanctions

It is necessary that the skin member of the Suspіlstva be raised to social norms seriously and victoriously. It is necessary for us to do this in order to secure the people themselves and all the welfare of the land. Punishment for the lack of social norms - various sanctions, which can be very specific in this situation. Go and about sanctions from the side of the state. Everything should be deposited in a specific year and in view of the fact that social norms have been violated.

Social norms and features

All these norms so chi іnakshe regulate tі vіdnosinі, scho blamed on the results of the development of socio-cultural, political and rich other tasks that stand before the state, suspіlstvo i, zvuchаno well, before the okrema specialty.

Social norms are regulators that establish even more specific and clear frameworks for the behavior of all participants. Zvichayno well, given the norms to take revenge on your own, however, come in and punish. Social norms are characteristic of those that are not addressed to anyone, but at the same time are addressed to everyone and the skin. No one can destroy them harmlessly. The regulation of diya in this moment is directed to those who will reach the singing state of the suspіlny vіdnosin. To this end, the mechanisms of social primus can be worked out as a whole.

What better is the suspense, then the better is the new social norm. Sphere їхної ії zavzhda є Social norms are created in the middle of collectives and are assigned to these collectives themselves.

From what has been said above, it is possible to create visnovoks, so that these norms help to build mutual relations between people as efficiently as possible.

Social norms can be characterized as follows:
- the stench may have a wild character, so they cannot be stagnant only to some extent individually;
- stink to point out to those that a person is guilty of behavior in order to be brown-haired;
- for non-compliance with social norms, obov'yazkovo may be subject to sanctions.

Nasamkinets want to remember that social norms are especially effective not the same, if a person is trying to do it more in order to get away with any sanctions, but then, if they are especially aware of the significance of that need.

Spіlna diyalnіst that splіkuvannya flow in the minds of social control, which is based on social norms - adopted by the society of zrazkіv behavior, scho regulate vzaєmodіyu and vzaєmovіdnosini people.

Suspіlstvo viroblyaє as social norms and specific system zrazkіv povedіnki, it accepted, praised, cultivating and ochіkuvanih vіd skin, scho perebuvaє vіdpovіdnіy situatsії. The damage includes the mechanisms of social control (unpraised, condemned, punished), which ensures the correction of behavior, which follows the norm. About the basis of that acceptance of the norms, it is unambiguous to note the reaction of those who are otochuyuchy on the vchinok, be it anyone, who is quarreled with the behavior of the decision.

The range of social norms is supra-linguistically wide - in the form of distinct behaviors that support labor discipline, military obedience and patriotism to the rules of inclusiveness. Until the order, which respects the social norms, it is necessary and the maximum allowance is made for the pupils to get up from the party when the teacher appears in the class.

Bringing people up to social norms to rob them of their behavior, allowing them to regulate their behavior, estimating them as viable and not complying with these norms. Orientation on norms allows people to form their own behavior with standards, to choose the necessary, socially praised and unacceptable, to direct and regulate their own behavior with other people. Assimilated norms vikoristovuyutsya by people as criteria, for the help of which is carried out arranging their own and someone else's behavior.

A close connection of emotions and feelings was laid the basis for the informational concept of emotions, formulated by P.V. Simonov.

The essence of this concept is brought up to the point that a person, svіdomo chi is unfamiliar, provides information to those who need to be satisfied, about those who can at the moment of її viniknennya.

As the subjective possibility of satisfaction with consumption is great, they blame positively. Negative emotions are generated by the greater and lesser world, assimilated by the subject of the real world to the apparent impossibility of satisfaction of consumption. The informational concept of emotions can be endlessly proven, although I do not want to explain all the varied and rich emotional sphere of specialness. Far from all emotions for their adventures fit into this scheme.

Like all mental processes, emotional states, experiences are closely related to brain activity and physiological reactions. The very physiological reactions can be measured, assessed: frequent heartbeat, sweating, skin-galvanic reaction, etc. Prote zv'azok tsey more foldable and ambiguous. Absolutely the same physiological manifestations can be similar to different emotions, for example, strong fear or boisterous joy.

The norms of vimovie regulate the choice of acoustic variants of phonemes or phonemes that are drawn. Norm to control the choice of accommodation options and the ruhu of the skin percussive warehouse of the middle non-naked. Rukhlivost and heterogeneity of the Russian baldness to shy away from the important conquered, especially to people, like to start the Russian language like a foreigner. Norms of morphological regulation of the choice of variants of the morphological form of the word and ways of linking with others. The norms of syntactical zumovlyuyut the correctness of the speech - simple and foldable. The lexical norms regulate the choice of words and meanings, characteristic and adjectives of a given movable act. Which choice is explained to us in front of the dotsilnistyu, the introduction of that third word has its own meaning. Norms of stylistic regulation regulate the appearance of the chosen word or the syntactic construction of the mind and the panivny style of the clad. Here, too, they are cherished not just by accepted norms, but by dotsilnistyu at the modern splurge. To achieve stylistic norms, it is not enough just to know, you need “relish” and “talent”, so that you can remember them.

The basis of whether or not knowledge is equal, to that one of the goals of this course - to equalize the norms of behavior for us with the norms of behavior of other hours of that people. Ale chi establish the rules of the common people, how are they recognized (otherwise they could be victorious) by people of different social groups, different age, different regions and peoples?

One rule, maybe, no, if it's a burning principle, why stench will be. Skin care, a skin society group virobley vlasnu system of values, also, and criteria for "necessary" behavior. The universal principle is the so-called "golden rule of morality", as in other forms of morality as a criterion for the moral behavior of all civilized peoples.

In the monuments of culture that came before us, perhaps for two and a half thousand years, the same rule was established. In the ancient Indian epic Mahabharata (V cent. e.) there are such rows: "Those in the hands of others, such people you own, that you yourself are unacceptable, don't let them work for other people."

Tsya thought to sound in biblical discourses, but behind the form of that zmist the words are known to me in old ethics. The ancient Greek philosopher Thales asked: "What is the best life?" - Vіdpovіv: "If we do not work for what is sued in others." V_domy Russian writer of the XVIII century. D.I. Fonvizin impeccability manifests itself, as a rule, do not rob that other, which you do not indulge yourself, and honesty - rob those others, whom you indulge your own.

The most early codification of the norms of behavior was fixed on the territory of Mesopotamia in ancient Sumer. Literary texts of ancient Sumer allowed us to see "the first moral ideals". In the opinion of the Sumerians, high moral values ​​were bestowed on people by the gods and the man's leader - less to follow the divine baptisms.

God of the sun Utu, that goddess of truth, justice and mercy, Nanshe followed the rules of conduct: "On the first day of the skin new fate, Nanshe judged people for their scoєne. Anger її shout:

The one who goes along the path of vice is heavy to the point of freedom.

The one who does not follow the established rules, breaks the agreements...

The one who marvels at the moon of death...

The one who lifts an important weight with a light weight ...

The one who makes the great world a small world...

The one who, z'їvshi (should you not lie down), don't say: "I'm z'їv"...

The one who drank and does not say: "I tse drank" ...

Svіdome cultivating the rules, the primary forms of behavior - etiquette, a number of surviving ones date back to the period of antiquity (Old Greece and Ancient Rome). "Garna povedіnka" at the same time practically ran with the honesty of the ancient people, with statements about morality and gromadyanskіst. The ancient Greeks used to mean "kalokagatiya" (Greek "kalos" - beautiful, "agathos" - good). The basis of kalokagatії was thoroughness and bodily constitution, and spiritual and moral warehouse, order with beauty and strength won in one's own fairness, sensibility, masculinity and intelligence.

Those vihovennias were respected for good vihovannias, as it gave the people the opportunity to think independently, to make up their minds. In my mind to think, I am conscious of myself, how to behave, what a variant of behavior in order to win. To complete the fortune-telling of Plutarch's "Casting conversations", to encourage the principles of dialogue, the super-wise wise men, to speak, like the behavior of people in quiet lives of other people, we will be better. (They showed behavioral options, as if they were practicability, dotsіlnistyu, reasonableness.)

Butt: When discussing the food about those, "why, having risen from the bed, next carelessly clean it up," the participants of the conversation went on the visnovka: "the lie should negainly take the situation, so that you wake up to sleep; you need to sleep at night, but when you wake up, take it easy, don't dead body..."

At the same time, a notice is being formed about womanhood. Vidpovidno to the concept of Aristotle, there are three slopes: "The first rid - in the beasts: for example, in the one who hunts up to all the animals and soars, stretching out his hand. Another - if you come to the rescue to the skin, who will. the third rank of vvіchlivostі - if you become a living room bedding"

If the old olive was served in someone at the dinner... and other guests saw it, Julius Caesar took it more splendidly, so as not to show, nibi wine dorikaє gospodareva in non-balance and innocence.

Prote, the most important principle of the culture of antiquity is the principle of the "golden mean", the "reasonable world" which always reaches. Zhittradisnist, pragnennya to goodness and contentment, the power of the ancient people, often grew into supremacy in the reception of zhіzhі, roses and so on.

The culture of this period was a closed human culture, women were not allowed to the cultural and political, social life of society. A cultured person, a hero with a clear human type of behavior, that gentry appeared to us in front of aristocratic adventures. It is not enough for such a person to be reprimanded by Garn Mova and Chemnist. The very culture of the movement of the coming centuries was one of the most beautiful manifestations of the etiquette culture of the people. Vaughn supported yoga class and cultural belonging. Chemna lyudina didn’t jump to come to the fore, she was driven strimano.

The gentry people are "generous and broad in kind", prote, dorimuetsya middle between plebeian zhurlyannya pennies in the wind and drib'yazkovoy prihilnistyu to pennies. "For the blessing, I give more blessings, so that the whole mother will prevail." Vіn unikaє sharp ruhіv and speak calmly. Vіn volіє "vovolodit with beautiful speeches and do not bring bitterness, for the power of a self-sufficient person." Ale is the head of the nobleman’s rice - this is a turbota about honor, a celebration of glory and honors.

Vіdminnoy rice of an aristocrat є znevaga to physical practice, like і to any paid employment. The zrazok of the gentry people was step by step transformed, the peculiarities of the aristocratic behavior were caused by the etiquette codes of the other eras.

The first tips about the rules of behavior, treatises on what they teach, how to behave, (what does it mean for a person’s skin to be polite, empathetic) appeared in the middle ages. In the same period, the suspіlnіy svіdomosti develops the image of an ideal person and a code of personal honor.

The orientation of the face of culture towards the outer manifestation (especially respect for ritual, paraphernalia, symbols of color, objects, manners) was reflected in the fact that beauty and privatility were embodied like a face of honesty. The beauty of Mali was enhanced by expensive clothes, embellishments with gold and cat stones. In the face of the person, you will need to post, to fold or to read the verses, to play on some musical instrument. Vіn is guilty, but rozvinenim physically (іnakshe, vіn not zmіg b wear 60-80 kg wielders). With the help of the figure of the face, the bula was insanely faithful to her goiters by reaching her equals, to which the public cloisters were widely expanded, oaths, please, yak were accompanied by special gestures. Obov'yazky face bula and turbota about orphans, widows and vzagali about the weak. Fear of buti is suspected in boys, in non-stachia masculinity, it dictated the behavior of a person in battle; a face at the hands of the presence of the right to enter; it is not possible to drive in an opponent from behind; the driving in of an unbroken enemy scolded the face with slander; next, you can hit the opponents on the scales, you can have equal chances (like the opponent having fallen from the horse, the face of the same is climbing from the horse). Pomsta for the image of the bula by the law of the ethics of the litigator. The stench valued little human life, their own and especially someone else's. The zakohanist of the beautiful lady took away the name of the "courtly kokhannya" (from the old French court - "dvir"), as in essence it was a form of gris, in which the participants had to suvoro dorimuvatisya rules and played their role. The courtly voices turned into the norm, became stronger than the warm tone.

During this period, if the rules of behavior have taken shape in etiquette, it is understood not just as a standard of behavior, but as a more or less ritualized form of intercourse. Vymogi etiquette were folded, that special people appeared, they know all the subtleties of court rituals - masters of ceremonies, and so suvori that the monarchs did not have the right to destroy them. The concept of "etiquette" meant a suvoro establishment of order and form of circumvention at the court of the monarch. Formerly, on this occasion, it was victorious at one of the receptions of King Louis XIV, where cards with a retelling of the rules of conduct were given to the guests. In French, name the cards "label" like the self-understood "etiquette".

Etiket mav the nature of the law and mav even a strong injection into the great bulk. Violation of the norms of etiquette looked like a malice.

For example, one time Louis XIII needed to discuss the terms with Cardinal Richelier of the low indispensable rights and wines, hurrying to the cardinal's apartments. Richelieu was sick and did not dare to go to bed to welcome the king. Royal authority and the laws of etiquette did not allow you to stand up to speak with a plea. Ludovіk znayshov vyhid: because. help the boules of the supra-linguistic terms, the vіn lіg u lіzhko instruct іz Rіshelє, i rozmova vіdbulas.

The middle-class theater was introduced by "the best school of manners" and the universal way of suspenseful vihovannia.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau condemned court etiquette and salon manners, and secular forms of grace, and navit theater as a form of art, to such relishes. Vіn vvazhav, scho "so far mysticism has trimmed our manners and taught our passions to speak ready-made mine, which sounded rude and simple, but natural." Rousseau denoting: "in our feelings, low deceitful monomanitness sank ... vvіchlіvіst without kintsa chogos vimagає, propriety is punishing, mi without kintsa follow zvichayam and nikoli - to your own wild mind ..." Voltaire for those who can't do yoga."

Razumіyuchi those who learned good manners were not for everyone, we will not be fooled, educators of the 18th century. they looked at court etiquette as a sign of pride, zasіb power, rozsharuvannya. It was impossible to acquire a richly meaningful and confused system of norms without special training.

Tsey radicalism and becoming the right point of etiquette (as the rules of conduct) vzagali. The Great French Revolution increased its contribution to its processes and appeared able to say "V" and say "T" to everyone, do not take off the headgear. Truthfully, I didn’t overrule the rules of politeness. "My people are simple, what I think, I say to them" - as often the rudeness and unceremoniousness itself is true.

The first treatise on behavior was seen in 1204. It was written by the Spanish priest Pedro Alfonso and called "Clerical Discipline". Tsey treatise buv orientations of the clergy.

In the XVI-XVII centuries, etiquette became a characteristic sign of the secular people, її vihovannosti. The same are the first helpers of etiquette in different countries: England, Holland, France, German and Italian lands. One of the first aids in Russia "Domobud" taught "do not steal, do not swear, do not cheat, do not tease, do not gossip, do not slander, do not remember evil, do not be angry at anyone. - loving, to the lesser and the poor are placed kindly and mercifully.

XVII century in European culture is accepted to honor the centuries of harsh, dry rationalism, which is based on economic, technical and scientific transformations of the era. Etiket looked like his own tool. With this help, there is a stream of human affects (feelings, emotions, becoming a strong awakening), which are inconsistent with the soul.

The essence of the epoch of the New Hour was the idea of ​​a special cob of people, autonomy, sovereignty. The etiquette of the New Hour, which is based on the spiritual values ​​of individual worthiness, is one of the forms of self-assertion of specialness, її "I". Pochuttya vlasnoy goodness has become basic in ethics.

1. In the midst of the strengths, with which the human being was twisted, the pride was given to honesty, wisdom, twisting, knowledge.

2. When saving up to the formal, formal manifestations of vihovannosti, etiquette, having adopted more natural forms of behavior.

A new moment in the development of a decent person, a gentleman, was condemned by the secular intelligence and the great empathy and affinity with people of different (not less than) ranks.

XVIII Art. introduced the essence of change in the culture of decency. The criterion for activity, for becoming a person, for special features was their stoutness. The ideal of goodness is "a person, like everyone else's goiter, yazana herself". A lone person is shy to call on alienated people and protect them as her own, and other people's interests, relishes, passions are only for the sake of the vlasnoy vlagodi. In the new rules, the emphasis is shifted from the formal, formal side of the conflict to the internal environment. Volodinnya with the rules of good manners was self-evident, which allows you to take a lot of space with the conscience, lay a party away from the slave. Women were especially valued, they had enough time to learn how to cope with the need for damage - the instillation of womanhood and good manners, in order to win popularity among the secular society.

. In the Epoch of New hour sformuvavsya yakiys єdiny zrazok "gentleman", scho poєdnuє in sobі kupetsku solіdnіst i litsarsku honor "For danimi doslіdnikіv, Suchasnyj gentleman pritamannі 4 main yakostі:. Self-control, poryadnіst, chesnіst i pochuttya vlasnoї gіdnostі Svoєrіdnіst etiketnoї culture praktichnostі standards etiketu їх appeals to a healthy human sense, moral decency of etiquette: the value of human decency as a sensibility of etiquette norms, the equivalence of people of different social statuses in front of the mighty suspense propriety;

Formation of worldly propriety in Russia XVI-XVII centuries. vіdbuvalosya pіd vplіm іsnuyuchih religiynyh norms. The greatest peace was seen at the age of marriage to a woman.

Why the woman was young and beautiful, when she was not safe, she was respected and deserved more damnation. In order to change the evil, the woman was trimmed under the castle (Especially the woman of the highest class was held in high regard. The position of the class was not so strong.). The place of hunger was known in the mud house, in the new century the special entrance, the key to such a boon from the boyar. Navit relatives it was impossible to penetrate to her. The windows of the woman's accommodation appeared at the door, surrounded by a high parquet and, by the same token, thefts from indiscreet glances. There was a chapel and a prayer, a woman was praying. Before the church, she went only to the great saint for the great cares. The squad is not guilty of showing off before the guests of a person, but we will scold the guests for shying vinyaks. At the sign of the ruler, the boyar descended from her chamber, dressed in her finest clothes, with a golden goblet at her hands. Pushing her lips together, she served yogo to the leathery guest. Then she stood on the graveside, taking kisses from them.

Reclusive decency surrounded the intercourse of women. And varto bulo maiden to say a sliver of words to someone else, not a relative, sob to spend the good name again. Overworldly diligence in the introduction of cosmetics (rum'yan, whitened thinly), as it was more characteristic in that period, it was explained to the exercises to hide those that could not be shown - the essence, the body of a woman. However, the rise to greater forms of cultural life was dominated by the Russian nobility, and us in front of the women (decoration, koshtovnosti, embroidered clothes, embroidered clothes).

The way of life in Russia began to change sharply in the era of Peter I (1672-1725). bringing the higher classes of the Russian susceptibility to the forms of encouragement, we will expand in Europe. Having learned from Europe, the tips of the nobles and officials discovered "to make smiles and be smarter with women and elders" and learned dancing, fencing, the art of Krasnomovstvo ... and so on. In 1717, St. Petersburg published a book titled "Youth honestly mirrored chi Showing up to worldly occasions" for the secular education of young people of the nobility in 1717. At the book, the rules of European etiquette were supplemented with hundred of dollars that are familiar to Russia. The rules of etiquette were introduced by Peter I in the official decrees to avenge threats of punishment for their non-compliance (etiquette in Russia is the rule of law, like in Europe).

On the 26th of the fall of 1718, a decree of Peter I was published about the organization of assemblies - free gatherings, which were held in the evenings in noble houses for the established order. There, mali appear at once from the retinues of all officers, nobles, officials, ship masters, rich merchants and women. The lackeys and servants were blocked from entering. The Assemblies have significantly increased the number of people who will join one by one in trivale splintering. The basic law of the assembly was the bula "completely inviolability".

The etiquette at this hour is filled with a secular character, which is rich in what it is to supersede the moral norms of the Orthodox Church. Pishnіst, rozkіsh, becoming closed, overridden by the playful formal side of the etiquette over the yogic moral zmіstom dominating the period.

Influx of Western European culture on Russian pobut and vdacha significantly increased in the 18th century. At St. Petersburg and Moscow, French milliners, perukars, tutors appeared, French shops and shops opened up. Etiket, attributing to the skin camp his own style of clothing. The French mova was even more official, which allowed the nobility to preserve the etiquette and the social distance to the lower ranks. New representatives appeared at the noble estate:

"Petimetr" - a great cavalier, wiggling in a French manner (sound, a French tutor). All Russian Yomu was the subject of slander and contempt.

"Coquette" - a great woman, twisted in French. Її golovna meta - call your own interest, be worthy of your manners, behavior, toilets.

At the same hour, the image of the ideal nobleman "Komilfo" appears (from the French "comme il faut" - like a demand, like a follow.)

Merchants and provincial nobles knew nasty foreign language, but, pragmatically giving their promotion of nobility and empathy with the representatives of the greater one, they added a part of "s" to the words: "nothing-s", "wine-s", "like you are welcome "-С". Vsoi Nasl_duvati Parіv, Kopіyuvati їknіy SPOSIB Zhittya. Bajaychi Vіdokrechiyiiyi, the vonya was often whistled at the MOVI Vіlyakі VCHIII, ZMіniyi Zemіynnyy Mov (Northidko Ned Rosumiyui їSh's meaning of that zm_st). Poams of the form of Movno News, Pragnenna Navidouvati Navischi that the "mishchansky etiquette" appeared to be more blatantly understood, that it carried in itself a negatively disrespectful note.

At the same hour, a person is illumined, who develops the best progressive figures of the era, filled with ideals and values ​​of Enlightenment - an intellectual. The Code of Ethics of the Intellect gave less respect to everything else, the main respect was given to morality, a spiritually special beginning.

In different historical periods, etiquette norms were transformed and filled with different forms, sometimes becoming themes for superficial philosophers and thinkers, sometimes they were a code of honor, sometimes they filled the status of laws, sometimes, becoming democratic, singing the world, they turned into supremacy.

1 SOCIAL STANDARDS SPLITTING…………………………………………...6

2 PSYCHOLOGICAL NORMS OF SPILKUVANNYA……………………………………14

3 MOVNI NORMAL SPLITTING………………………………………………...21

VISNOVOK……………………………………………………………………..25

LIST OF VICTORIES OF DZHERELS………………………………26

INSTUP

In these robots, social, psychological and modern standards of communication are considered. The object of my research is the correct communicative behavior of the people in the community.

The topic of work is relevant, but the Russians have a lot of rules for splintering, which allow them to lay down the steps of communication success. I respect that the correctness of the language and the adoption of the modern etiquette is the responsibility of the interpreter of the speaker and that yoga of the positive setting up to you. Spіlna diyalnіst that splіkuvannya flow in the minds of social control, which is based on social norms - adopted by the society of zrazkіv behavior, scho regulate vzaєmodіyu and vzaєmovіdnosini people. So that a person was enlightened, his mother is not enough good diction. You can clearly see what you are going to say. In addition, he is guilty of choosing such words and manner of behavior, so that the thought was correctly understood, that it is necessary for the mother to be informed not only about verbal, but also about non-verbal communications. It is also important to uphold social norms, century and township subordination, as well as to add to the success of communication.

The topic has been reviewed many times by the authors, and not only from a glance of philology, but also from a glance of psychology and sociology. I respect that this problem has already been reported on, the prote norms are constantly changing, and there is no single thought about them. A lot of books are dedicated to the norms of splurge and movable etiquette, the shards of dotrimannya or nedotrimannya of these norms can make a great influx on the camp of a person in suspension.

The novelty of this achievement is that these norms and norms were rarely seen at once. Ring out all the stinks are still okay.

METY MOGY DOSELIAZHENNY POLYAYAє In the same time, the cure is the basic rules, it is necessary for the success of the Socialist Socialist, the psychology norms, Movennneviy etiques, is groaning the correct forms of the word of Vіrny Nepolosphere, Vmіnnya to keep himself at the rose-based Taji ONSII.

I'm going to complete the norms of reference on the basis of literature on this topic in the gallery of linguistics and psychology, to compare the current peculiarities of people's behavior in the particularity and peculiarities that were previously known, to analyze the basic etiquette in different localities.

1 SOCIAL REGULATIONS

People's splintering in any country is obov'yazkovo in minds of social control; Suspіlstvo viroblyaє as social norms and specific system zrazkіv povedіnki, it accepted, praised, cultivating and ochіkuvanih vіd skin, scho perebuvaє vіdpovіdnіy situatsії. The damage includes the mechanisms of social control (unpraised, condemned, punished), which ensures the correction of behavior, which follows the norm. About the basis of that acceptance of the norms, it is unambiguous to note the reaction of those who are otochuyuchy on the vchinok, be it anyone, who is quarreled with the behavior of the decision.

Etiket is the core of the culture of intercourse, a sign of communicative behavior, so I want to tell you a little about the development of etiquette (zocrema - modern), beginning with the era of antiquity and ending with modernity.

Svіdome cultivating the rules, the primary forms of behavior - etiquette, a number of surviving dates to the period of antiquity (Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome). The rules of everyday behavior were less in the most common form oriented by people who showed some special honesty. Behavioral norms were not prescribed, as a rule of conduct in specific situations, but they were given only more direct actions, representing the maximum freedom for the skin to choose behavior.

The same was formed and statements about womanhood (the moral prototype of what later became known as manners). According to the concept of Aristotle, there are three slopes: “The first ridge is in the animals: for example, in the one who rushes to all the animals, they fly them, stretching out their hand. Another - if you come to the aid of the skin, who will. І nareshti, the third rank of grandeur - if there are beds for guests.

In the period of the middle age, the etiquette may be known otherwise, that the wines are formed and have their own classic look. Most of the records in the history of culture are blamed on the etiquette as a regulatory system that has evolved up to this very hour.

The middle suspense of Western Europe was zhorstko ієarkhіzovan. Gromadske svіdom_st єєї epoch was represented by yoga scho sho zryadіh razryadіv - "praying, belligerents and practicing". Ale step by step, the class of feudal lords became expanded with the help of noble warriors (litsars). Until the 11th century In Europe, a special camp developed - licaria, which in the XII-XV centuries. reached its resolution. The persons themselves respected themselves with the “color of the world”, the richest proshark of the court, which created their own way of life, their own code of morality and vdachas. The stench formed special values ​​that allowed them to be cremated as ignoble, common people. XIV-XV centuries to call it a person of licence, and for this purpose it is all reliance, oskilki at this hour the person is a residual way of life and, nareshti, like a singing mentality and culture.

Etiket setting the standards and canons as a rule, and the life of the nobility, leading it to a “sleeping banner”: it was required to “behave like and all”, and “live like a mustache”, and that “everything was like for everyone”. Vіn permeating all spheres of life of a living camp, literally to the point of regulating the life of the yard, having a collapsible, detailed and delineated system of norms and values, often rich in meaning and entangled, it was impossible to acquire a yak without special training.

In the era of the New Hour, etiquette developed on the basis of a new system of values, the main ones in which were the principles of individualism and cosiness. Vіd tsgogo stale and splkuvannya.

The current movement etiquette, having become more simple and democratic, the shards spread on the class, became less obvious, but the norms of the splintering of the smaller ones did not become. Practically all of our life is tse zustrіchі that splkuvannya s rich people. And because of that, how do you feel like zustrіch, lay and mood, and put people, and the results of our work.

The broad meaning of the word moving etiquette characterizes whether it is practically a successful act of communication. For this reason, the etiquette of interfering with the so-called postulates of movable intercourse, which allows and succeeds in the interaction of participants in communication.

Before the moving etiquette, zokrema, one can see the words and expressions that people get used to for farewell, prohannya, repentance, adopted in different situations, forms of animalism, intonation features, which characterize the great language of me. For the culture of the skin edge, the etiquette is individual. So, for example, in some cultures it is customary to face problems and problems, in others it is not. In some cultures, speaking about one's success is acceptable, in others, it is not.

It is impossible to name a modern culture, for example, the etiquette of vimogi to the modern activity. The coils of the modern etiquette lie in the most recent period of the history of the movement. In the archaic society, modern etiquette (like etiquette zagalom) can be ritually foolish. The word is expected to have a special meaning, connected with magical and ritual manifestations, mutually of people and cosmic forces. That is why the activeness of the people, from the look of the members of the archaic society, can without intermediary infuse people, creatures and the nasty world; the regulation of the duty of duty is connected, we will reconsider, from the pragmatic viklikati ti chi іnshi podії (otherwise, navpaki, uniqnut їх). The relics of which I will be saved from different loneliness of the modern etiquette; for example, a lot of stable formulas and ritual invocations, which, if they were taken like a devil: “Hello” (also “Be healthy”); "Thank you" (ex: "God save"). Similarly, the fences are rich in living in words and constructions, which look like huskies in today's language, they attack archaic fences - taboo.

On the butts of the modern etiquette of different lands, one can understand how obvious is the boundary between the cultures of these lands.

I. Ehrenburg, having left such a cicave of the note: “Europeans, hovering, stretch out their hand, and the Chinese, the Japanese, the Indians of anger, squeeze the tip of a foreign person. Yakby, a visitor, to Parisians and Muscovites with bare feet, would hardly call out to be choked. A resident of Vidnya seems to “kiss his hand”, not brooding over the meaning of his words, and a resident of Warsaw, if he is known from a lady, mechanically kisses his hand. English, overwhelmed by the windings of your competitor, write to you: “Dear sir, you shakhrai”, without “dear sir” you can’t half a sheet. Christians, entering the church, the church of chi kіrhu, wear hats, and the Jews, entering the synagogue, bow their heads. In Catholic countries, women are not guilty to enter the temple with an unshaven head. In Europe, the color of the complaint is black, in China it is white. If the Chinese go forward, like a European or an American, go hand in hand with a woman, for an hour to kiss you, you are supposed to be superbly shameless. In Japan, one cannot go to the booth without taking a bribe; at the restaurants on the bench sit people in European costumes and in scarves. At the Beijing hotel, the furniture was European, but the entrance to the room was traditionally Chinese - the screen did not allow you to enter directly; tse pov'azano z statements that the devil is going straight; and behind our manifestations, the devil is cunning, and you can’t help me bypassing the partition. If a guest arrives before Europe and chomps on a picture on the wall, a vase like another dribnichka, then the master of satisfaction. If the Europeans begin to hoard rubbish in the Chinese booth, the Lord grants you this object - that means empathy. Mother taught me that at a party you can’t leave anything on the plate. In China, up to a cup of dry rice, how to serve for example insults, no one hangs around - you need to show that you are sitting. World of diversity, and do not varto lamate your head over tim chi else ringing: if it’s someone else’s monasteries, then, then, it’s someone else’s statues.