At what place was the death of Paul 1. §8. Zmova against Paul I
At night from 11 (23 according to the new style) on 12 (24) on January 1801, as a result of the move, the Russian Emperor Paul I was beaten.
Unpopular leader
Pavlo Petrovich Romanov, as Emperor Paul I, ascended the throne in 1796 after the death of his mother, Catherine the Great. The new emperor, like Ukraine, was negatively placed and before the mother, and before the її otochennya, bachiv his method to create such a sovereign perebudova, as if he didn’t deprive him of the future era. The overarching methods of Paul I, the reprisals, which were used to inspire the most important state officials, including members of the imperial family, led to the fact that the camp of the emperor himself became cunning.
Vіn zumіv nalashtuvati against yourself mayzhe the whole Russian elite, including the officers of the guard, as if they were the destructive force of all the palace coups of the 18th century.
In the summer of 1799, a group of dignitaries began to take shape, who blamed the plans of the emperor’s adoption from the throne and the enthronement of the elder son Paul, Oleksandra.
On choli zmovi stood up Vice Chancellor Mikita Panin, Governor-General of St. Petersburg Petro Palen, the remaining favorite of Catherine the Great Platon Zubov at once brothers Mykola and Valerian. A large number of osibs, radiant to a serpent, on the cob of birch in 1801 became from 180 to 300 people.
Oleksandr give "good"
Behind some kind of information, the builders planned to move to the so-called “birch idives”, if it was beaten Roman dictator Julius Caesar. However, the plans were coordinated through those that information about the preparation of the train became known to Paul I.
On the 9th of March the emperor called out Palen to himself and asked him what he knew about the call. The governor-general of St. Petersburg vіdpovіv, scho he himself goes to the new, getting ready to arrest the officials in the mischief. Palen was far away to calm the emperor, taking off the actual hour of the implementation of the plan.
Pavlo, suspecting those closest to him, having punished the tribe under house arrest at the Mikhailovsky Castle, the military squad, as well as the senior blues, Oleksandraі Kostyantina.
Immediately following the appointment of the Emperor, Palen met with Oleksandr and confirmed that Pavlo had signed a decree on granting members of the imperial title to the court. The head of the zmovniks ask the clergy to the throne to give “good” to the vision of the viconess. After some kind of vaganny, Oleksandr will wait a little longer, attacking the fact that the father cannot suffer. Palen sings that no one is planning a physical action on Paul I.
Remaining oath
11 (23 days for new style), 4:00. The emperor (like a leader) to rush early. After the ranking toilet, the order of the sovereigns is right.
5:00 - 9:00. Pavlo I works at his office. Palen to rob the traditional dopov_d to the emperor from international rights.
9:00. The emperor at once from the throne of the fall to the throne is violating "look around the viysk."
10.00. Pavlo is present on the parade ground. At this hour, Palen, after receiving additional support from the palace, picks up officers of the guard from his apartment, demonstrating to him the sovereign’s dissatisfaction with their service and the threat of all zaslat. Those who have chosen, "were bred with sumptuous persons and with the sum of the heart."
11.00. Emperor to go upstairs together with his lover valet Ivan Kutaisov.
13.00. Pavlo I offended at the Mikhailovsky Castle with his proximity. At that very hour, Palen rose the request for a supper. On the way, I ask for less than those, who are educated to the sound.
15:00 - 17:00. The emperor to swear in the members of this family, for the sake of a minor, "do not enter into any kind of connection with the members of the family." After the oath of Paul I, he changes his mind and allows Oleksandr and Kostyantin to dine with her.
"Why don't you stop it"
21:00. The emperor is having a supper at the Michael's castle. Oleksandr and Kostyantin from the squads were requested for the evening, Grand Duke Maria Pavlivna; squad of the head zmovnik of the state lady Pahlen that її daughter, maid of honor Palen, Chamber-maid of honor Protasov, maid of honor Kutuzova 2-a, Dame Renne,State Dame Countess Leven; Kutuzov, Stroganov, Narishkin, Chief Chamberlain Count Sheremetev, ringmaster Mukhanov, Senator Prince Yusupov.
21:30. The supper is over. Before leaving, Pavlo meets with Mikhail Kutuzov. Marveling at himself at the mirror, the monarch respects: “Marvel at how funny the mirror is; I’m pumping myself into a new shy nabik. ” Walking up to himself, the emperor throws: "Why bother, don't miss it."
22:00. Obid by Platon Zubov. The solicitors of the rebels discuss the plan.
22:15. Pavlo I sends pages with sheets and commemorates the deeds of fasting at the Mikhailovsky Castle. After him, you make the sound doors. Yakiy having changed at the same time at the door post Wartovy Agapeєev later, let me know that the emperor was praying for the icon at the front.
22:30. Leib-medic Grivi give the emperor a lemon-mint tincture.
“To eat the egg - it is necessary to break an egg on the cob”
22:00 - 22:30. Raising the 3rd battalion of the Semenivsky regiment, as a way to see the fall to the throne Oleksandr, straight to the Mikhailovsky castle, to replace the Preobrazhensky battalion, having occupied the varti in the castle. Tsya zmina vіdbuvaєtsya under the drive, scho another day, 12 birch, Pavlo I's Preobrazhensky regiment marvels early. Semenіvtsi occupy the posts in the castle, the inner ward of the castle, which is located near the hall, called the sump, the bedroom of Paul I.
22:00 - 23:00. Supper at Palen. Є as kerіvniki zmovi, і ryadovі participants from the number of guards officers. At the evening take the fate of 40-60 people, most of them stay at the camp of alcoholic sp'yaninnya. Platon Zubov reminds ordinary participants in the coup about those that the emperor will fall down on the coming night. At the same time, I point out to those that Oleksandr gave a sanction to him, and Catherine the Great wanted to hand over the throne to the onuk. Among the zmovniks, restlessness is manifested, if there are those who work with Paul after the adoption of power. I respect Palen: “I’ll tell you, gentlemen, to eat an egg - you need to break an egg on the cob.” In front of you, it was written to lay down the thrown-off emperor to Shlіsselburg.
22:30 - 23:30. Pavlo I spend the year in a room with his favorites of Hanni Gagarin, going down to it along the taєmnih gatherings. After that, you turn to your bedroom.
"We have gone too far"
23:10 - 23:20. Otrimavshi signal about the collapse of the regiments, Palen proponu є to the officers to divide into two groups. Palen himself is very enchanting, to a friend - Plato Zubov and Commander of the Izyum Light Horse Regiment Leonty Bennigsen. Offensive groups hang up to the Michael's castle. Zubov-Bennigsen's column going through Sadova to the Rizdvyany gates of the Michael's castle. Insha, at the top of Palen, through Nevsky Prospekt, that head entrance under the Resurrection Gate.
12 (24 days for new style), 0:00. Zmovniki penetrate the Mikhailovsky castle. Vartov at a few posts raise an alarm, prote high-ranking officers from the help of the participants in the movement calm them down.
0:15 - 0:30. The guards come to the emperor's quarters. Platon Zubov b'є vartovoj Agapєєva shable on politsi. Let's just neutralize ourselves hussar Kiriliv, having drawn behind the first doors of the imperial chambers I Agapeyev, and Kiriliv with the permission to be left alive.
0:30. The group of Zubov-Bennigsen rests at the chambers of Paul I. The emperor's lackeys raise a noise that causes Platon Zubov to panic at the camp. Vin tries to leave the palace, Prote Yogo Zupinyaє Bennigsen: “Yak? You yourself brought us here and now you want to go out? It’s impossible, we’ve gone too far to listen to your joys, like leading us to death. The foal is thrown, the child needs to be born. Forward".
Driving in with a special zhorstokistyu
0:30 - 0:45. Zmovniki enter the emperor's bedroom. Pavlo, feeling the noise, hovering behind the stone screen. Platon Zubov, not having seen the monarch, it is ruined to say in French: "The bird has flown away." Bennigsen, who saves the cold-bloodedness, went to bed, shaking his hand and saying: "The nest is warm - the bird is not far away." For the whilina, the zmovniki reveal Paul.
0:45 - 1:45. Vіd Pavel urged to sign a document about the oration to the throne. The emperor is strongly nalyakany, prote v_dmovlyaєtsya podpisuvat be-scho. One of the young officers, which I take the fate of the zmov, I take for the son of Kostyantin and vigukuє: “Is your highness here?”. Mіzh Pavel and Plato Zubov blamed the superechka, in the same emperor, he gave a blow to one of the battalions. Bennigsen shout: "Don't repair the opir, sir, on the right, go about your life!". At this moment, one of the most active people in the flock Colonel Volodymyr Yashvil, Head of the Guards Artillery. “Long time to speak! Now you can write everything you want, and tomorrow our heads will fly on the scaffold, ”shout the wine. At the hands of Platon Zubov, a massive gold snuffbox appears, which gives the crown of the emperor a blow to the lion. Pavlo falls on a pretext, after which ten people jump on him. A recumbent is beaten with legs, shorn on his stomach. Potim officer of the Izmailovsky regiment Skaryatin tighten an officer's scarf on Pavel's neck, which is lying down, for different versions, or Skaryatin or the emperor himself. Strangle the monarch. Through a sprat of hvilin vin does not give a sign of life.
"Apoplexy"
1:45. Oleksandr is told about the death of the emperor. Vin declares: “I don’t care about myself, I don’t work - I can’t get over my thoughts; less need to flow from the other palace. Go to your mother and ask for help to come to the Winter Palace.”
2:00. Oleksandr and Kostyantyn deprive the Mikhailovsky castle.
2:00 - 5:00. Pavel's squad Empress Maria Feodorivna Having learned about the death of a person, to try to change the initiative and declare their right to the throne. Zmovniki isolate її, in the early morning it will be good to know the transition of power to the elder son and the death to the Winter Palace.
2:30 - 6:00. Terminovo viklikanuyu life doctor Vilje it is punished to arrange the corpse of Paul I, so that the wine is not a sign of a violent death. Irrespective of all susilla, Vilje does not dare to reattach hematomas to the guise of a beaten man. As a result, the emperor's guise will be closed with a strained droplet.
6:00 - 10:00. In Petersburg, it was officially announced about the death of Emperor Paul I and Tsar Alexander I. The official version is to say that Pavlo died of an apoplectic stroke (in modern terminology - a stroke).
The Russian Emperor Pavlo I (1754-1801) ascended the throne on the 6th leaf fall, 1796. Bulo was beaten in by the builders at night from 11 to 12 on February 1801. The causes of death and death have become a direct legacy of the collapsible, super-cheerful and intransigent character of the autocrat. With such minds, the court elite felt uncomfortable. None of the nobles could vouch for their tomorrow. To that it is possible to sprout visnovoks, so that by the scammers in front of us, almost self-saving collapsed. It was necessary for us to beat Paul I in order to find yourself safe.
The Life of Paul Before I Ascended the Throne
It should be noted that the future emperor did not fold on the couch in the name of his mother Katherine II. Vіn bv an unloved child in the form of an unloved person. On the right, Tim was looking at him, that the syn zovsim was not similar to the matir, but from the Batkiv’s rice they were clearly visible in the new. The mother-empress seems to have washed herself, which is not the same syn. No sooner after the people, the children were replaced by a special order from Elizabeth.
Such thoughts, obviously, could not lead to anything good. The situation is also illustrated by the fact that in the veins of Katherine the Great, the house of the Romanovs is dripping with blood. According to dynastic concepts, there is little right to the throne. It is not enough for him to hand over the crown of the sons if he gains full access to him. Before the speech, the letter was discussed at the coronation on 22 April 1762.
Emperor Pavlo I
However, the mother-empress's goiter fell short of the year. In 1783, the son of Buv was far away from the court and settled in Gatchina. There, looming garne penny morning, win your own order, as if Petersburgers do not predict anything. Spadkoєmets to the throne, having created his army of Gatchina, that we can tell the sweat of Peter I's army.
The reason for the son's departure to Gatchina was Paul's marriage to his matir at the grassroots of 1783. Katerina asked for a son for herself, to discuss with her the most important political food. Zokrema stinks talked about Polshcha and Krim. At the process of rozmovi z'yasuvalos, scho dotrimuetsya absolutely opposite glances at the current course of the Russian state. In the aftermath of which the Empress changed her mind, because there was nothing sleepy between her and the fallen throne.
At that moment, the royal person switched all the respect of her onuk Oleksandr. The boy was born in 1777 roci i, grown up, leaning between two fires. Yomu had a chance to live as a father and a grandmother, which, in a vague posture, appeared on the character of the future emperor.
Katerina did her best to make the kohan onuk friendly. In 1793 they played a merry-go-round, and the boy became a full-fledged lad. All the queen worked hard in order to give the crown to the onukovs, and not the sons.
Not long before the death of the mother-empress, everyone checked, that she could see the manifesto, for some usun son in the fall to the throne, and the deputy of the new one to recognize Oleksandr as the fall-bearer. But nothing of the kind was publicized. There were a few, that the most powerful prince Oleksandr Andriyovich Bezborodko was approaching the empress. Tim himself, having secured Pavlov's accession to the throne.
rocky rule
The accession to the Russian throne took place on the 6th leaf fall, 1796, and the sovereign was crowned on the 5th April, 1797. The urochist was dedicated to the first day of the Great Day. It is also noteworthy that the first time in the entire history of the Russian Empire, both the emperor and the empress were crowned at the same time.
From the first days of his reign, the emperor began to initiate reforms. Він ввів serious amendments before succession to the throne, the adoption of a woman in the fall to the throne. Tim himself, according to the idea of the sovereign, was reduced to a minimum the possibility of palace coups. But in this situation, everything was based on the last century, if, as a result of intrigues, representatives of a weak state were taken into the hands of the palace of power.
The sovereign tried to improve the camp of the villagers. Vіn vvіv 3-day panshchina for the week. In Rasht, the villagers could make wines at an hour. Nayvische Bulo fenced rozdіlyati sim'ї pіd h selling the villagers. Treasury villagers took away the right to enroll in philistinism and merchants.
The order from the emperor made a number of visits, contributions to the weakened position of the nobility. A decree was issued, which hindered the zastosovuvaty of the corporal punishment of the nobles. They began to be flogged for drunkenness, service faults, dissolute behavior. As if a nobleman was whimpering in the military and public service, now they could injure the court. The nobles were also granted the right to rob the court bodies and judges, as well as to give scargs to the sovereign without glorifying the governor.
The king of the greatest importance, having imposed a significant discipline. The army was especially honored, where the main respect was attached to the drill. For the least damage, those few officers could pay off the soldiers. Tse created a nervous situation in the military. The soldiers were allowed to complain about their commanders, which further aggravated the situation in the officer's middle.
What is the cost foreign policy, then the anointed of God began to focus on friendly stosunki from France, and not from England. Vinikla idea to create a coalition of united fleets. Before her, such lands as Russia, France, Sweden and Denmark are not enough to go. The British were at a loss, the shards were ripe for a real threat to their panuvannya on the sea.
Preparations began for the formation of an alliance with Napoleon Bonaparte. The plan was for a splendid military trip to India, which was under the control of the English, which again called a commotion on the banks of the Foggy Albion.
Zmovniki
The emperor's innovations, his intransigence called out dissatisfaction among the greater stakes of the empire. Sovereign zіpsuvav stosunki not only from the nobility, but from the guards. For the least guilty, officers of gentry blood were mercilessly beaten. In the aftermath of that and vinyl zmov.
Yogo became an idea fan Mikita Petrovich Panin(1770-1837). The count for the trips, having spent his wines in disgrace, the oskelki buv will be tightened by the opponent of the treaty of Russia from France and burdens to the English. The emperor, having fenced you, appears at St. Petersburg and Moscow. To this, the chief clerk of the uninterrupted participation in the vbibivstvo of Paul I did not take.
Other for the significance of the builder buv Petro Oleksiyovych Palen(1745-1826). Himself vin buv bezperedniy organizer movi. Having embraced the seat of the Viysk governor of St. Petersburg. In 1800, the emperor, having taken yoga from the plant, and after 2 months, reappointed to the same plantation. After that, Petro Oleksiyovich learned the Germanity of his camp and became an enemy of the sovereign.
At the lavahs of the zmovniks the same Osip Mikhailovich Deribas(1751-1800). Same wine, victorious will of Catherine II, slaying the place of Odessa. Krіm tsgogo vіn at their hour, taking care of the right prince Tarakanov. On the cob 1997 rock having spent disgrace. Then everything turned out well, and in 1800 Deribas was taken away from service at the expense of state pennies. Ale not to bar the emperor again showed mercy. However, in 1800, Osip Mikhailovich died at the breast. The second version is that Petro Palen was afraid that Deribas might open the call to the emperor.
Another leader of the zmovniki vvazhetsya Platon Oleksandrovich Zubov(1767-1822). The best prince and leader of Katherine II, having drunk wine at the disgrace. Yogo maєtki was taken away, and he himself was hung with a cordon. Quite naturally, scho vin becoming a tight enemy of the emperor. True, in 1800 Zubov turned to Russia and took back the confiscated mine. But the hatred of the sovereign did not fade away.
Zmovi also has the brother of Platon Oleksandrovich Zubov Mikola Oleksandrovich(1763-1805) ta Olga Oleksandrivna Zherebtsova(1766-1849). There is a small call from the English Ambassador Charles Whitworth. Є pripuschennya, scho England squandered zmovniki pennies. All material supplies were provided without intermediary through Ms. Zherebtsova. The guards climbed at the same house. For a few days before the crooked rozvyazka, the woman hung out of the cordon. And after the beating of the emperor, she won a great sum of money in the English order. Tse bula of the wine city to all the christians, but Zherebtsova gave all her pennies.
The zmovi also took the fate of the rich guards officers. There were close to 300 osibs in the halo of zmovniks.
Michael's Castle from the bird's eye view
Itself in the new boulo it was possible to beat Paul I by the christians
Chronology of Paul I's vbibvanie
Zlochin against the anointed of God eating at the Mikhailovsky Castle in the center of St. Petersburg. The promptings of that buv at the Misc of the Summer Palace of Empress Elizaveta Petrivna. Pavlo himself was born in the Summer Palace. To go out, that the autocrat was driven into that very place, de vin was born 46 half a year ago.
On the evening of 11 Birch, 1801, about 50 people were chosen to join Palen. No one knew the meta visit, but before them, who had chosen, Platon Zubov spoke. Vіn stating that during the nights may be the emperor's deportation. Sanction on tse giving yogo syn Oleksandr. The same wine as the legitimate ruler of Russia, oskelki Katherine II wanted to hand over the power to the onukovs. If they were energized, that it would be necessary to rob the emperor, then Zubov would be killed, that there would be arrests and administrations to Shlіsselburg.
For pіvgodini till pіvnоchі, the builders straightened up to the Michael's castle in two groups. One was captured by Petro Palen. With his people, he straightened them up to the main entrance to the palace. At their task, it was necessary to pinch whether it was nebazhanі vipadkovostі. For Palen, it was awkward, oskіlki vin bv viysk governor of the capital and mav the right to arrest anyone.
Platon Zubov choked another group. With my team of wines, I rushed to the Rizdvyany gates of Mikhailovsky Palace. Qi people are small to arrest the emperor. The stench penetrated the middle and climbed to the other one above, de boules the rest of the autocrat. Prote a great number of outsiders called out at the palace galas. Yogo was sensed by the soldiers, they were guarding the palace. But the servicemen were calmed down by the officers, as if they were commanders.
About the first year of the night, then already on the 12th birch, a dozen evil-doers stumbled against the white of the royal rooms. The white of the doors of the sovereign's bedroom was inconspicuously dark. History has preserved this nickname. Tse buv Agapєєv. Mikola Zubov rushed up to the rear and hit the head with his sword. Vartovyy fell on a pіdlogu and znepritomnіv.
The builders tried to open the doors of the bedroom, but the doors were closed in the middle. Prote metushnyu feeling the emperor’s room man on the nickname of Kiriliv. Having repaired the doors, to find out what the noise is there. They immediately pounced on the new one and hit him on the head with a sprat. Luckily, both Agapiev and Kiriliv lost their lives.
Regimental Adjutant of the Emperor Argamakov stepped forward. Vіn mav the right of access to the special chambers of the autocrat and knocking on the rest of the door, which made the evil-doers see the evil spirits. How many times did the valet knock at the knock. Argamakov, saying that already on the 6th rank, I arrived from dopoviddu to the emperor. The valet already zdivuvavsya, more recently, he went to bed, and opened the door. The builders rushed at the new one, screaming and making noise.
All tse feeling Pavlo. Vin huddled up and rushed about the room, and the evil-doers were already bursting into the peace. The sovereign was left with nothing, like hiding behind a curtain. For a different version of the wine, I sang by the fireplace and took a chaise there.
The officers, who were no less than 12 people, evaded to the imperial bedroom, but only appeared empty. Zmovnikov was overwhelmed with a sense of panic. The stench began to scour the room like a fire and, to their own unimaginable joy, they knew the sovereign that he was in front of them. Standing in front of roaring people in nightgowns and over the knee boots.
Platon Zubov insisted that the emperor signed the decree and showed the autocrat the prepared text. Ale that get-purely inspired tse robiti. Sovereign having saved a sheet of zrechennyam, zіm'yav yoga and throwing Zubov in disguise. The situation began to unravel. The officers clearly saw in a rapt that to call Pavlo at once all signed, then the vrants yogo to call the Gatchina regiments, and their heads to rest on the scaffold.
Tim was an autocrat for an hour, having tried the evil situation. Once you start talking about lawfulness, justice, trying to get involved in the superchka of the present. Ale, richly one of them was at the camp of sp'yaninnya, to the one who was stabbed before the cob was taken on his chest for goodness. The camp has a strong alcoholic sleep Mikola Zubov. Tse bula physically mіtsna people. A gold snuffbox wasted under your hand. Neyu win and hit the emperor in the lion's chest. Toy called on a pidlogu and znepritomnіv.
Everyone pounced on the recumbent and began to beat him. One of the dignitaries in the name of Skaryatin stole a scarf that hung from the sovereign's face. Tsim scarf іmperator i buv suffocation. After an hour, Paul I was beaten up at about 1:40-1:50 at night. Early-vranci Meshkantsi in the capital were recognized by the manifesto. It was said to him that the autocrat died from an apoplectic stroke, hanging from my current, from a stroke.
Zmovniki and Pavlo I
Visnovok
Sin of the murdered emperor Oleksandr, knowing about the move. Ale vin did not allow that everything would end up in the death of the father. Having become Alexander I, the new ruler of Russia, the rest of his life, respecting himself as a guilty father in death.
The mustache participants spent their time in disgrace. The widowed Empress Maria Feodorovna (1759-1828) took this significant world. Panina was ruled in yoga, de vin and proving the fates of life. Petr Palen was taken from the seat of the governor of the city of Vysk, sent to the post office and hung up on his birth date without the right to leave.
Platon Zubov, after spending some kind of splash at court. In the light of the new, they tried to get better and get better at the permanent place of living in the birth mother. There, Zubov had already grown older, and at 50 years old he already looked old. Breathing in the nameless greed. Looming statutes of millions of rubles, wearing cast-offs and wearing a leather copy. Mikola Zubov, who first hit the emperor, leaned out of favor with Alexander I.
As far as the people are concerned, the nobles rejoiced, knowing about the death of the divine sovereign. The rest of the camps were put up to the emperor's death without any emotions. It is necessary to signify with a zagal that the tragedy has suddenly zabulas in the inexhaustible lows of new historical podias.
03/12/1801 (03/25). - Beating of the Emperor Paul I by the henchmen at the Mikhailovsky Castle in the night from 11 to 12 Birch
Beating of Paul I
Emperor Pavlo I (09/20/1754–03/12/1801) was the son of Katerina Oleksiivna (Maybutny). As soon as the people took Yogo to her, as small as Namir to hand over the royal throne to Yomu after his death. Because of the mother, as she took the throne after the removal of the father, Pavel's boules were pulled tight, to that Catherine II was small to transfer the throne after her death to Pavel's elder son Oleksandr.
Pavlo's first friendship was with Princess Wilhelmina of Hesse-Darmstadt (Natalya Oleksiivna at the Orthodox Christian Cross), as she died in the early afternoon, Princess Sophia Dorothea of Württemberg (Maria Feodorivna at the Orthodox Christian Cross) became another squad. A lot of children have appeared in the number of lovers, among them - the future Emperor. Four daughters became friends with foreign monarchs and deprived the offspring of the Romanovs in several German dynasties. From 1783, Pavlo Petrovich and his retinue lived far away from the Imperial court, mainly in Gatchina. There he created the Vlasny garrison, cherubing the palace order and his military order.
Zіyshov on the Throne after the death of his mother Empress Katherine II 17 leaf fall 1796 r. arrived in Moscow on April 5, 1797, on the first day of the Holy Great Day. After the end of the crowning of the Kingdom, the Emperor, having read from above to the throne of folding him, having inspired the traditional rules of the Russian throne,.
At no. from 11 to 12 birch 1801 p. Russian Emperor Pavlo I was killed as a result of the Masonic zeal for the fate of England. For those of the zmovniks, there were internal causes (Paul's reforms) and zovnishni.
Already on the day of his coronation, Pavlo publicly manifested the Manifesto about the landowner villagers, as if he had started the fencing: “so that no one, in any case, dares to mush the villagers to work during weekdays.” The Panshchina was shortened to three days for a week. By a special decree, it was prevented to sell porozno krіpakіv odnієї th ієї selyanskoї sіm'ї. Formerly in the history of Russia, the village camp was cast before the oath. A special village administration was created, allotments were established for state-owned villagers, and all villagers were given the right to appeal to the decisions of court certificates.
The crowding of the camps of the villagers near Little Russia and Belarus could have hosted one more important environment, the yakbee ran away from him. On behalf of Pan Paul I, the senator proved the reasons for the hatred of the Jewish population to the Jews, scribbling his visnovi at the prim document (1800). Unfortunately, Pavel was not given an hour to solve this problem.
Emperor Pavlo I dbaily put himself in the rank of the Orthodox clergy. Vіn pragnuv, shchob the priesthood a little more "vіdpovіdnі vіdnі vіdnі vіlіvіlі dignity оf svoi i stanovі". The priests, who were changed on a regular sack, were paid more salaries, but where the payment was not installed, there a turbot from the remnants of church land was put on the paraffian, replaced by the later bread in kind or a penny sum. For the desire of the clergy to become a more zealous vicon of their service, the signs of the zovnishny sign were ordered. Spiritual individuals took over the hedges, with a special initiative of the Sovereign, a new pectoral cross was founded for him. Dbav Sovereign and about the enlightenment of the clergy. During his reign, a small seminary and theological academy were founded in St. Petersburg and Kazan.
Having eased the camp of the villagers and the clergy, Pavlo vimagav the nobility inspired the serving spirit. Tse shouted dissatisfaction bagatioh and created the soil for the rush. About the Emperor they began to spread a little bit like about "neurіvnovazhene" and say "divine". So wines, obviously, not buv, but for "neuro-importance" were taken more widely, rich in what is a naive decision, straightened out on the pidtrimka of good against evil.
Zakrema, and you can do this criticism for support, like Pavlo I, allowing perebuvannya in Russia as refugees from the anti-monarchist French Revolution and from the papal swaville. The stench has gone to the ear of the Emperor with rozmovs about the bazhans, they used the churches to support the ideas of the godless revolution. The noble Russian Tsar, not particularly delving into the essence of the activity of the "Christian" order, having believed the ezui and allowing them to educate the activity in the western provinces of Russia, de bulo richly Catholics.
For the same reason, Pavlo gave intercession to the Order of Malta. Tsei Sovereign Viyskovy Divniy Order of St. John of Creation in the XI century as an outpost of the Christian European powers against the Mohammedans, and in 1792 p. Yogo was driven out of revolutionary France and then Napoleon from his residence on about. Malta. In order to protect the "Christian Order" from the distant retrials, Emperor Pavlo ordered to add the words "I Grand Master of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem" to his Imperial title. In front of the Emperor's face, there was an image of an ideal personal union to support the revolutionary ideas that came from France, on the basis of severe Christian piety. At the thought of Emperor Paul, the Order of Malta, which had so long and successfully fought against the Mohammedans who oppressed Christianity, is obliged to unite all the best defense forces of Europe and serve as a mighty bulwark against the revolutionary upheavals.
Often the Order of Malta is wrongly identified with Freemasonry. Ymovirno, members of the order were bulis and masons, but the order itself did not become a part of Freemasonry and in this state it does not stand right. As you can see, Empress Katherine II was inflicted by the French Revolution in 1792. recognized the persecution and fenced. Masons were not officially allowed for Paul I, but they stopped hovatsya (maybe, they could also introduce the pious Emperor into Oman with the "Christian" visions of Novikov, as well as the utopian concept of the peaceful rebirth of the present-day unjust world in the future kingdom of the all-worldly brotherhood).
Prote nadії masonіv control over the Emperor failed. Pavlo I practically stood up to the usual Masonic victories. Encourage the ruins around the ruins of the outrageous vdachas and the spirit of the French Revolution, the Emperor has protected the wearing of French-cut robes. Tsaryuvannya Pavel's reign brought the liberal Catherine's order to a steep lamella, which called out the dissatisfaction of the wealthy noble families.
To what have reached the ovnіshnyopolіtichnі causes. In 1798 p. Russia joined the coalition of the European powers against revolutionary France: "Go, roar kings!" - Having confused Pavlo on a famous trip to Europe in 1799. Ale in 1800 through the treacherous policy of England, it happened to break up trade with her and to please Napoleon, in order to surround all the existing British intrigues. A trip to India was planned, which would boost English power. Tse i became a mortal virok to the Sovereign.
Against Paul I, a zmov was formed, and the governor-general of St. Petersburg Palen and General von Bennigsen were fooled. The stench worked for the modern fortune of Tsarevich Oleksandr Pavlovich, who was introduced into Oman for the sake of nibito the perniciousness of the policy of Yogo Batka and zapevnivshi, that there is no more about the primus’s transfer to the throne from the father to the son. The salon of Zherebtsova, the sister of the three brothers of Zubov, the future killers, became the headquarters of the move, standing behind her back was the English ambassador, Sir Charles Whitworth. Through Zherebtsova, two million gold was distributed to the participants in the murder. At night on February 12, 1801 The builders evaded the Emperor to the bedroom (Michael Castle) and beat him in.
Thus, the pious Emperor’s bazaar had his own interests of the Russian pro-Masonic nobility and the English Masons: they at once organized the infiltration of the monarch, who was also accused of being a “divine tyrant” for the truth of this mischief, - Boris
“The installation of Emperor Paul I before the Church was such that only the revolution of 1917. interrupted the work of the yogo canonization, prote svіdomіstyu rosіyskogo people Emperor Pavlo has long since been buried to the face of saints. The wondrous banner of the good will of God to the Righteous, created by the Providence of the Lord whitened his tomb, the remaining fates before the revolution did not only entice the believers at the Peter and Paul Cathedral, but also prompted to see the whole book of the banner and miracles of God, who wriggled with prayers on faith. book. N. D. Zhevakhov, "Spogadi").
Talking: 15 comments
Spasi Gospodi ja segodnja tschital o Imperatore i o. Lva Lebedeva toze samoe
Do not let us push you, but you need to add a short description of the Glorious Viysk Peremog from Tsar Paul I, and also add a report description about the tensions in return from England. Zagalom statya miracle!
How important it is in the calamity sweat of nonsense to know if only a small amount of the truth is. At the same time, people who know and are not afraid to speak the Truth are national Heroes.
Father, Emperor-martyr Pavlo є holy martyr? І yogo canonization-food hour? I believe that there will be investments to the face of the saints, Sovereign Paul I (so, as if they would be canonized for Christ, Optina’s chants were empty in 1993, the warrior Evgen and many others).
Emperor Pavlo deysno, buv іnhim, vіdmіnnym in the image of a petty tyrant r. grandmaster in the Order of Malta "(B. Bashilov)
And how can the piety of the canonized Paul I, you will go to your light-gazer about those who were the Grand Master of the Catholic Order of Malta? Explain?
І still tell why the article about this historical fact is politically correct, on kshtalt caesaropapism, zamovchuetsya?
I understand you correctly, that a Catholic, who stands on a high level of the Catholic hierarchy, can he be canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church, only to the one who wins the king?
How many writers in style and thought, but the truth is one ... Dezh (istina) and chi is not an hour to search for modern Paleniv, what they rob and drive in Russia and the people of її ?????
Є. I. V. Emperor Paul was stuck with the method of plugging Russia with Napoleonic France, just like on the cob of the 20th century they were plugged with Russia and the continental powers. So, in the 19th century, Russia not only stood up, but having created the "Holy Union" trimmed the whole of Europe. It’s a pity that it wasn’t long - from the filing of England, everything ended with the “Crimean War”, but England learned the lesson and in the 20th century everything ended tragically.
The axis is already nothing crim "God punish England" and it is impossible to say.
I’m arguing that the reason for Paul 1’s death was not in the Indian campaign, but in the decision to liberate Georgia from Russia and bring the Russian troops out of Georgia. At that hour, Georgia was in dynastic turmoil, and Paul did not want to have a Georgian stone hanging in Russia. It’s not cool for Adzha that Oleksandr 1 became king, and he immediately spoke to the very decision of Paul 1.
Sovereign Pavlo 1 unquestionably saints, yogo shanuvanny began mayzha immediately after yogo martyr's death. I believe that there will be canonizations, but also modern accomplices and healers.
On the cob, listen to a quote from Napoleon on the radio. Vіn having said: "I don't need Russia and the її lands, I need to destroy the Russian bureaucracy, so that you will not only protect the prosperity of your own country, but also the whole of Europe." It was not uncommon for Paul to be beaten, with which Napoleon was about to attack India and weaken the advancing Masonic viper - England. And the Russian bureaucracy "helped" the English to clean up Pavel. The legacy is a war with France, and three years a year, after 30 years - the Crimean war. I don’t have any Russophobia, I love Russia and hate its enemies, but I have long cursed the Russian bureaucracy and criminal oligarchs together with the Freemasons and the Luminates.
Bagato what you can do well. However, Napoleon was an anti-Christian revolutionary-Mason (like his father and brothers: from them Joseph became "King of Spain" and Grand Master of the French Grand Assembly; Louis - "King of Holland" and Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of the Scottish Statute, and Pot Westphal; "King" - data from the Masonic vocabulary: Internationales Freimaurer-Lexikon, Wien, 1932, S. 1090-1092). Freemasons were also close to the marshals. Napoleon himself had turned Freemasonry from a taєmnogo suspіlstva for the support of the Christian monarchies, as it were earlier, into a new official sovereign religion, having united all the lodges in the name of the "Great Gathering". Vіn having erected an obelisk with a five-cut red star (the head symbol of Freemasonry) of the house of the stratum of the French monarch Louis XVI, having sunk his legitimate son and crowning himself the "emperor" of the entire Sunset at the Cathedral of Our Lady of Paris at the presence of the head rabbi and the Pope of Rome. Napoleon's attempt to conquer Russia (ruling the Third Rome) is of little importance to him: to be crowned in Moscow as "emperor of the All-world".
"Despotism, blaming everything, blaming, nareshti, and the despot himself," the future emperor Pavlo I wrote in his youth. His words turned out to be prophetic: having come to power and becoming a primal ruler from the manners of a tyrant, the son of Catherine II died without a hitch in the hands of magistrates.
Hemorrhoidal colic and political help
The future emperor was born in the autumn of 1754. Emperor Petro III Fedorovich is officially respected as a father - who, before the speech, even after being taken to the throne, for one of the versions, also having died in the hands of enemies (for the official version, the ruler died through the attack of hemorrhoids rings). Prote іsnuє dumka, for which Paul I was conceived by Catherine II as the first favorite - the beautiful Sergius Saltikov.
Katerina practically didn’t take up the blue: the lad rіs in sharpened numerals, like he brought to the new writing, intellect, interest to theatricality, suffocated by mysticism. And unexpectedly, Katherine II started bachiti from Paul, a political supernik, and started yogo trimati filed in the form of political certificates.
However, on the 6th of the fall of 1796, the Empress died unexpectedly, and Pavlo I, at the age of 42 years, without succession, entered the Russian throne.
Farewell to women-empresses
Having become the emperor, Paulo I set out the rules of the order, the institutions of the mother. On the day of the coronation, the emperor made a public act on succession to the throne, which was a milestone between the centuries of palace coups and women's rule in Russia. Nevdovzі Pavlo I rozpochadnya reforms that weakened the camp of the nobility. So, the monarch of the century of the death penalty of the noble camp for vbivstvo, rozboї, drunkenness, disbandment, service destruction. The right of the nobility to give scargs was obscured, and the right to give collective decisions was forfeited.
Wikimedia Commons Russian Emperor Paul I
In addition, Pavlo I quickly zipsuvav vіdnosinі z vіdnosієyu i zdobuv suspіlstvі glory "abnormal іmperator", scho vіddaє unpopular and unreasonable punishment. “We are on the ship, the captain and the crew are building a nation whose language is unknown to us,” diplomat Semyon Vorontsov wrote about the reign of Paul I. - I have a sea ailment, and I can’t get laid.
You come, so that I may be voiced, that the hurricane is mіtsnіє and the ship is guinea, more the captain is godless, the crew, in which there are more than 30 people, if you do not dare to rely on yoga windings, to the one who has already thrown one sailor into the sea and killed another.
I guess that the ship will sink; but you think that you are hopeful for the order, to that the captain’s first assistant is a young man, feisty and soft, as if he is worthy of the trust of the crew.
I conjure you to turn on the mountain and show the young people to the sailors who follow them to build the ship, part of what (so, just like part of the vantage) lie young people, who are against one and it’s ridiculous to be afraid of death in the hands of the divine captain, if it’s all wrong i vіn drown himself through tse madness. You tell me that, not knowing the language, You can’t say to him that you are destroying the mountain, that you are breaking, that you are breaking. You turn to me, so that you can voice, that the problem is getting better, that it is divine, like earlier, cheruє, and yet you, like earlier, are spodivaetsya. Farewell! You are happy for me, my friend, to that I can no longer hope.
How to build your own tomb
Dissatisfaction with the activity of Paul I led to the creation of a coalition of dignitaries. On the heels of the stench we let us slander the emperor with a mental illness and set up a regency over him, then we took a hard decision: to inflict reprisal on the monarch and put a more loyal ruler on the throne.
Among the nobles were high-ranking courtiers, the officials of that viysk, yak, went to the active public following the calls about those who Pavel I was going to succeed to the throne of his son Oleksandr - the future monarch, whom the people called “Blessed”.
“The son of Katerini could be strict and deserve the vdyachnіstnost vіtchizni, on the nevimovna podiv rosіyans, venerating the panuvati with a hot fizz, not following the usual statutes, the crime of his zabaganki; vvazhav us not pіddanimi, but slaves; strativ without guilt, nagorodzhuv without merits, having removed rubbish from the treasury, beauty from the hedge, belittling the ranks and lines with marnotism among them; lightly blaming the fruits of sovereign wisdom, hating their right mothers in them, - historian Mykola Karamzin guessed about Paul I. - Heroes, accustomed to overpowering, marching on the march ... languishing, like a man, natural slenderness to charity, eating the zhovchyu of evil: while thinking about ways to lie to people, I myself was afraid of them; having thought to arrange an impregnable palace and arrange a tomb”.
How to close the empress in the chambers
“The history of the emperor's vbibvaniye is honed a little bit, - write Doctor of Historical Sciences Yevgen Anisimov. — The most wide-ranging of them is the firmness about those that the snarling emperor, hiding behind a stone screen, the stars of him were vibrated by the celebrants. Shvidshe for everything is nonsense. The guards mittevo evaded to the emperor's bedroom, and Pavlo gathered himself from his bed. Evidently, between him, that baked welding began with hammering, Pavlo I threatening him with punishments.
It is unlikely that the emperor was afraid of fearfully hovavsya; One of the participants in the attack, Mikola Zubov, himself was torn apart by the threats of the emperor, hitting Pavel with a snuff box at the armour.
Having fallen, the emperor’s reshta zmovniki pounced on the new one, and after a long struggle, they strangled him with an officer’s scarf, which lay alone to kill. Deyakі z suchasniki vvozdal, scho, like only Empress Maria Fedorіvna, sho slept at her bedchamber in the other krylі castle, found out about the death of a man, she nіbit tried to take power to the kshtalt Katerini II, but the castles did not reach the rest of the castle appointed the son Oleksandr as emperor.
Regardless of the tragedy of what happened, the suspense healed. “Among the impersonal courtiers, who were picked up, the cubs and Pavel's beaters walked insolently, - the writer Denis Fonvizin guessed. - The stench, who did not sleep at all, drank, rozpatlan, nibi writing with their malice, dreamed that they would reign with Oleksandr. Decent people in Russia, not praising the zasib, like the stink of the tyranny of Paul, were doing it for the sake of his fall. Historiographer Karamzin, it seems, that the news about the tsyu podіya was the blaze of the powers that be in peace: at the booths, on the streets, people cried, embraced one by one, like the day of Holy Resurrection. However, it was only the nobility that caused the slaughter, and others began to take the call to get the baiduzhe.
The official version of the death of the emperor was an apoplexy. The suspіlstva soon began to frantic, that "Paul I died from an apoplectic stroke with a snuffbox near the fold."
Following the advice of the fellows, Alexander I burst into tears, having learned about the death of the father. “My father died of apoplexy,” the future emperor voiced to the people. “Everything for my king, to work for the principles and heart of my beloved grandmother, Empress Katerina!”
Tsikavo, after I take the throne, Oleksandr I "has step by step won ... the coup - having seen not through those who have taken them insecure, but for a little bit, look around, like you have seen for one of their eyes."
Pavlo the First went down in history as a hard reformer. Persecution was given to liberal and European imitations, censorship was introduced, importation of foreign literature from the country was blocked. Emperor, having taken the throne, with a significant world having surrounded the rights of the nobility. Maybe that's why yoga rule was so short.
In contact with
childishness
Peter the Third, Pavel's father, having been on the Russian throne for a total of 186 days, he wanted to plan, so that in front of him a lot of fates will be checked. After the coup d'état, the emperor signed the decree to the throne, which he passed to the yogo squad (princess of Anhalt-Zerbstskaya).
Katerina encouraged her reign to expand the rights and privileges of the nobility, as well as the richness of the peasants. Under the hour її kingship cordoni of the Russian Empire buli rozsunutі on pіvden ta zakhіd.
The first son of Peter and Katerini named after Pavlo was born on the 20th of spring 1754. For the whole hour, a political struggle was waged at the palace, the boy was condoned by love and turboti batkiv. At the eight-pointed vіtsі vіn, having put in a dad. Mother Pavla hired a staff of the best nannies and readers, after whom she self-destructed in the face of the future decline to the throne.
The lad's chauffeur becoming Fedir Bekhtiev- Diplomat, scho vіdіznyavsya neimovіrnoy discipline and strictness. Vіn let out a newspaper, de bulo painted the least of the faults of vihovantsa. Another mentor was Mikita Panin, who, like a lad, had planted a wide range of subjects - natural history, the Law of God, music, dance.
Closer sharpening also pushed in the formation of special features of the decline to the throne, protests from peers were reduced to a minimum - only children of noble families were allowed to reach it.
Katerina pridbala for sin the great library of Academician Korf. The lad learned impersonal foreign languages, arithmetic, astronomy, history, geography, learned to paint, dance and fencing, learned the Law of God. The youth did not learn the Viysk disciplines, Katerina did not want to, sob sin tsim hooting.
Spadkoemets, having an intolerant character, being a restless child, for a moment boasted of rich love that before reading. Yogo osvіta bula nastilki yakіsnoy, naskolki was possible in that period.
Features of the life of the future emperor
The first squad of the future emperor died in the middle of the hour, and Sophia Dorothea of Württemberg (Maria Fedorivna) became another image.
Children of Paul I- First-timer Oleksandr (1777), Kostyantin (1779), Oleksandr (1783), Olena (1784), Maria (1786), Katerina (1788), Olga (1792, died in childhood), Ganna (1795), Mykola (1796) ), Mikhailo (1798).
Irrespective of the richness and mayzhe postіyni vagіtnostі, Maria Fedorіvna was engaged in the government, and she regularly took her fate from the worldly visits. Prote is not a small special vag at court through discord between a person and his mother.
Maria Fedorivna bula pokirnaya princess, which followed the postulates, as if they had been acquired by her in her youth, but behind the independent conditions of her special life with a person after 20 years, it went to discord. After the people of the rest of the son, the obstetrician hindered їy vagіtnіti, the shards could have destroyed the woman's life.
The emperor buv rozcharovaniya tsієyu furnishing and vіv vіv vіdnosiny s іnshoy zhіnkoy - favourite, Hanna Lopukhіna. Maria Fedorivna herself was busy with beneficence and began to cherubate with the help of witches, streamlining the work of the installations for the restless and childish children. So she actively provided food for the enlightenment of women, and she fell asleep for them at low initial mortgages.
Come to power
If Paul I ruled? Vіn ascended the throne at the 42nd river on the 6th leaf fall of 1796, when Katerina Druga, yoga mother, died. Such a term is explained by the foldable stoks of the future emperor and mother. The stench may have been more often seen one by one, realizing that people have opposite looks. The lad's shoulder was spun like a future recession to the throne, having become almighty in vines, and farther away, the trimati were smeared on the right of the sovereign vaga.
Important! Few people laid great hopes on Pavel Petrovich. Yogo im'ya often sounded on the lips of the rebels, for example, at. Under the hour of the reign of Catherine II, a lot of people have become dissatisfied with її decrees and laws.
Reincarnation
Numerical reforms characterize the rule of Paul 1: internal and external politics recognized low changes.
Yakі important kroki were zroblenі:
- introduction of amendments to the procedure for succession to the throne, as it was broken up. The rights to the throne began to be crowned exclusively blue, or the brothers of the ruling dynasty along the lower line, or seniority;
- the emperor's associates took away the titles of the most senior officials and senators;
- comrades-in-arms of Catherine II were taken from the settlements;
- the activity of the greater sovereign bodies recognized the change in the best;
- they put a box for the petitioners in a row with the finger, and they also set up reception days for the villagers, as if they could deprive the skargi on their vlasniks;
- skasovano tіlesnі porannya for people of frail age older than 70-th age;
- a heavy duty for the villagers of grain duty was carried out financial selection. Borg wrote off 7 million rubles;
- it was fenced to confuse the villagers to prace at the holy place;
- the panshchina is fenced - now it's three days for a week;
- sales of landless peasants and yard osіb leaning against the fence. As if the lord, having behaved with krіpaks inhumanly, the governors of Mali carried out taєmnі arrests and corrected those who were guilty at the monastery.
- for 4 years, 6,000 thousand sovereign peasants were transferred to the nobles, the emperor vvazhav oskolki, that their life is higher, lower among the kripakiv;
- reduced the amount of salt and food products at stores - a small amount of compensation for a penny from the treasury.
If Pavlo came to power, one of the most important directions In the course of this activity, there appeared a substitution of privileges and the rights of the nobles.
Vіn punishing us to turn to the regiments of the us noble children, as if they were written in them, having fenced the self-imposed transition from the civil service to the army without the permission of the Senate, specially approved by him.
The nobles were less able to pay new tributes, and the pennies of them were violating the support of the local administration.
The law was forfeited, for which the nobleman was savaged by any new one with scargs and scum: now it was allowed to work only with the permission of the governor. It was a new order to punish the noble people at the sight of the club.
Negatively after I came to the throne, the emperor voted for an amnesty, and suddenly came a numerical punishment. Point Paul the First, fringe the nobility, shouted anger and witches from the side of the privileged camp. Soon, the first guardsmen began to appear at the greater guard stakes with a method to overthrow the autocrat.
Peculiarities of conducting foreign policy
On the back of the court, it was announced about those who wanted France to achieve neutrality. Vіn zavzhdi mriyav, scho we know viyni viklyuchno z method of defense. However, he was the opponent of the revolutionary moods in the country. Behind such lands, like Sweden, Denmark and Prussia, amicable posts were laid, which was the result of the creation of an anti-French coalition at the warehouse:
- Russia,
- Kingdom of Naples,
- Austria,
- England.
In Italy, the commander O.V. Suvorov having won the military expeditionary corps of Lisha for the first time, having gained victory in Italy over the French troops, after which he went to Sweden, when he came to the corps of General A.M. Rimsky-Korsakov.
In that same period, the squadron F.F. Ushakova gained a sprig of maritime victories, as a result of which the Onichny Islands became independent. Proto-Russian-English corps, like Holland, did not succeed in reaching the outlined plans, after which I turned around. At the worst, the allies of Russia squeezed the fruit of defeating Napoleon, which caused the opening of allied links with Austria and England. The emperor, having recognized the storm through the position of England, having come closer to France.
The reason for the death of the emperor
A zmovu was formed against the ruling emperor. The brothers Zubov stood at the head of yoga, the Viysk governor of St. Petersburg P.A.
Palen and a number of others. The reason for the move is the internal policy of the autocrat, even having eased the camp of the villagers and those who at once surrounded the rulers and the privileges of the noble camp.
Sered zmovnikiv buv Oleksandr Pavlovich, who was blamed for killing the father alive.
Under the wire of Count Palen at night on March 12, 1801 The dignitaries fled to the Mikhailovsky castle, distanced themselves from the imperial chambers and hung out, mighty deprive the throne. Feeling the sight of Paul, the Vidmova was called to the throne, the magistrates drove in the autocrat.
Zmov for life and the rule of the emperor was a kilka. Thus, three types of confusion were fixed, which are guarded by the warriors. After the coronation of the new emperor, the Canal shop was formed - a secret organization, the participants of which jumped to beat the emperor. After the opening of the cієї, remove all individuals, as if they took a new fate, were sent to hard labor or sent. All the materials that were included in the course of the investigation were reduced.
Officially announced that Emperor Pavlo 1 died type of apoplexy.
Pavlo 1st - reign of the king, reforms
The reign of Tsar Paul 1st - internal and external politics, pidbags
Ruler's bags
For a while Pavlo 1? Years of rule were three years old, fates of rule: from April 5, 1797. on 12 March 1801 for laying a small term, there were no significant changes in the Suspіlstva, wanting the emperor to try to send more new entries. On the cob, the government was created with a friendly mind for the development of industrialism and the sphere of trade, until the end of the government, internal trade was in chaos and devastation, and the outside was completely stocked.
Respect! The state bula at the sumptuous camp, if Pavlo I was killed.
Who ruled after Paul 1? Olexandr 1, becoming the first to the throne, became a successor to the throne. was more successful.
