How to explain to a friend that you need free space. Natural science. Explain the need to see the events, processes and objects of the necessary world

Modeling of natural phenomena

that process

in science classes

An important task of the study of natural science in post school- the development in children is to reveal the causal-hereditary links in nature, to explain the mechanisms of overcoming of certain natural phenomena and processes. For this reason, the teacher organizes systematic goals for the guarding of students for the most important objects. Ale yak, for example, can a child chime in the volcanic eruption of the chi rukh ice dove? Chi marvel, how does the Earth wrap around its axis, that around the Sun? Ideal solution- Show the opening movie. Prote do not start a teacher at your disposal video library of various subjects, especially for primary classes. Buvay so, scho th teluriya is dumb, that th barometer at the wrong station.

In such a situation, the teacher can win the models, win by him, by the teachers of that father.

The model is a tse trivimirne first aid, which gives an image of the object of many parts in a larger, more changed look. The stench is different, static, and foul.

We teach the students of the first grades of the pedagogical faculty the discipline "Methodology of the study of natural science", we choose the variant of the Swedish production of models from the simplest hand-made material. This method of work stimulates the learning interest of young schoolchildren, giving the opportunity to encourage the natural phenomenon and the process of miniatures.

Axis of description of a number of models with a description of technology and preparation of demonstration methods.

Earth shape

It is proponed together with the teachings on the basis of caution to take the evidence of the Earth’s stature, simulating the natural phenomena and processes.

Constantly round shape to the horizon.On a paper line with a length of 1.5-2 m and a width of 25 cm, paint on a large scale a part of the water surface (Fig. 1). For this paper line, it is nailed to a sublog and an arc of great radius is applied to it, which imitates the bulge of the Earth. Instead of a compass, you can wink a skein, fastening on the bottom against the middle of the line. In the middle of the line, there is a small ship.

Visnovok: we don’t care that the Earth is a bush, only to the one who has a fenced plot in the field of our sight.

Wrapper of the Earth

Axle wrap.When explaining the proof of the axial wrapping of the Earth, it is possible to successfully win the model of Foucault's pendulum: through the cork, slip the thread with the sleeve, pierce the sides of the trio with forks, put the bait of the forks on a saucer with a squeak; along the edges of the saucer, write straight lines to the horizon (main and intermediate); put the saucer on a large plate turned upside down, in parts also write the names of the sides of the horizon.

Pendulum Vivoditi Zi Spokynya will become Meridіan, Tobto s pіvnocha on Pivden ", the wizard Rygoyduє in Pivzena Zubtzhi zhovnocha on Pivynaya So, Shchob Girls Kіnetsi Chair Lynії according to Piska, Potimm ONNIEY HRUKE SKEMUє SPEYM SOCKEY, AND ITHEYE PICTERE TARKOKOVY the axis of the wrapping of the Earth. “Look, lads, our Earth has broken a little of the wrapping. Rozgoduyuchis, the pendulum leaning over the new bottoms, not N - S, but NE - PdZ, wanting at its own flat (on a saucer) directly yogo the same way: N -S. The enemy is building up, so the area of ​​the hit is changing. It might be worse for the fact that the Earth under the pendulum turns (turns around).

Orbital animal.There are two options for modeling the Earth's orbital movement around the Sun.

1. You can show the movement in orbit for the help of Julia: on the basis of the pen, stick on the paper, or wilt on the plasticine, you need proms, imitating the Sun, and on the stake of the Julia, on the widest part, stick the plastic jgutik - decorate the plastic-orbital hat from the sum of the white Blakit's ticket show the ground. This model shows the circular orbit of the Earth and directly її turns around the Sun, but does not show the axial wrapping of the planet.

2. Viconati model from an apple pierced with a needle, and candles.

Instead of an apple, you can inflate a small bag, puff it up with blue gouache. From the paper you can see the contours of the continents, create light hatching, stick it on the bag. Designate the equator and poles, glue paper tubes to the poles (imitation of the earth's axis). On the contour of Eurasia, the chervonim ensign denotes approximately the place of roztashuvannya of his settlement. Carrying a bag of lightly ignited candles and one hour swaying the axis of the ruh, discuss with the students: the mechanism for changing the feast at Pivnichniy and Pivdenniy pivkulyah; peculiarities of illumination, kuta falling of sleepy areas near one’s own mass; cut the axis to the plane of the orbit (it is possible to formulate a notification about the її precession - more, for 26 thousand years, the rotation of the axis and the expanse of that nutation - periodic buckling, change the rotation of the poles).

Tila, speeches, parts

In the process of cultivating them, behind the program “Light for Us” by A. Pleshakov, the model of mutual grinding of particles in a hard, rare and gas-like state of speech is modeled for the help of plastic bags. There are two options for such work:

Flat modeling - rozpodіlyaєmo bags on cardboard, sbіlshyuuchi or zmenshuyuchi vіdstanі mіzh them;

About the modeling of visually geometric constructions - sacking the bags with objects of various materials, for example, syrings, for imitating the appearance of particles in a rare speech and spokes in a gas-like manner.

Earthtrucks

The reader can illustrate the mechanism of the earthworm for the help of an offensive model and that explanation. On the border between raising and lowering, the rocks deform the most intensively: they have spring stress, which gradually increases. At that moment, if the tensions reach between the masses of the mountainous pores, their rise is observed, which is accompanied by the vision of a majestic amount of energy.

On the surface of the earth, frail-like wrecks are blazing. An analogy to the mechanism of this manifestation: as if by the bathtub with water (it is POSSIBLE to vicorate a great straight-cut glass, it is POSSIBLE) to properly stretch the gumi, then the surface of the water will be left calm until that moment, as the gum is torn (mal. 11). At the moment I burst the energy that has accumulated in the past, rises to the surface of the earth and blames the wind.

Fig.11

Volcanism

On this topic, we tried three options for demonstrating the eruption of a volcano.

1. Make a cone made of brown cardboard, insert a low plastic packing at the top opening, for example, put yogurt in it, add soda and potassium permanganate there. In order to imitate the eruption, add in the sum of hot water abo otstu, and vyazka red masa, kick, collapse over the edge with the "shield" of the volcano.

2. Put a teaspoon of baking soda into a test tube, add warm water to the tretina to it, shake vigorously and mix. Add five streaks of miyuchoy rіdini and three streaks of grub barvnik to give a “lava” of natural color. Mix the sum again and close the neck of the test tube with cotton wool. From the crack of the earth, the “volcano” sprouted around the test tubes so that the veins reached the її neck. To imitate the eruption, vyynyat cotton wool and pour trohi into the test tube. Like the first fall, the sumish stumps and wriggles, first the lava from the volcano.

3. Throw a cone out of cardboard with a mountain opening (or sip hot sand from the ground, or put a metal plate on a flat surface), saturate the powder orange color- Bichromate ammonium and ignite it. Yogo gorіnnya nayyaskravіshe іmіtuє vyverzhennya - tse right volcano near the miniature: flashes, sparks, vikidi - and viruє orange-red gіrka transforms into syro-green popil. However, it is necessary to take this speech in a small quantity (a spoonful of tablespoons), so that the Vikidi should sing a great turn and demonstrate the “divergence” on the street or near the great recreation. The reaction to the snow is not observed. (Demonstration of this model will not be called later!)

tipi hmar

Splno with learning how to model zі shmatkіv vati gloomy different types: sharuvatі, kupchastі and feathers. On 1/2 of the arch to the drawing paper, add a background - a baby of the sky and a gіr, show the roztashuvannya tiers: low, medium and high. Vertically, on a small vіdstanі one vіd one, slip the threads and attach the gloom to them.

When repeating the material, it is possible to propagate learning roztashuvati (transferring threads) in the correct order of “gloom” in tiers on the sky.

"Mandrivni" continents

This topic is promoted for the 4th grade class at the “Planet of Mysteries” section for the program of A. Pleshakov in the course “Natural Science”. The robotic technique with learning is as follows:

Beforehand, give the task of learning to visualize the contours of the continents from the cardboard;

At the lesson, ask to respectfully look at the contours of the Atlantic coasts of Pivdennoy America, Africa, Pivnichnoy America and Eurasia;

Get the contours of all the continents and grow the visnovoks, so that the stench is practically avoided;

Tell about the founding of a single continent Pangea, about those that split into two continents - Laurasia and Gondwana, and then split into modern continents (this process is imitated on doshtsi for the help of great contours, scientists work with their zoshity);

Explain the movement of the continents for the forging of their foundations on the clay plastic shell of the Earth.

In this order, you can learn from the teachings, like the shape of the continents and the oceans (trikutnu), and designate the regularity of their expansion: the continents are the broad base of the furrows to the Pivnichny Pole, and the gostrim is to the Pivdenny Pole, and the oceans of the navpak are the broad basis of the furrows to the Pivdenny Field , and gostrim - to Pivnіchny. Thus, the expansion of the continents and the oceans are called antipodal, tobto. regardless of those on the planet, there is more water, less land, the stench is divided so that it pierces the thoughts earth sack through the yoga center, then at one point there will be a pierce of the mainland, and at another point - water. Tse to bring the stability of our planet as a space system.

Literature:

1. Svit navkolo us.-M: Vidavnitstvo "Astrel"; View. AST, 2001

2. Watt F. Planet Earth. - M: Slovo, 1999 (Encyclopedia of the modern world.)

3. Poglazova O.T., Shilin V.D. Navkolishnіy svіt: Pіdruchnik for 3-4 classes. Part 3. - M: INPRO-RESA, 1999

Occupation rozrahovane for five-, sixth-graders. The material of the report writing itself in a rozrahunka for a young philologist; you can quickly and perebudovuvati yogo on vlasny rassud. Until the beginning of employment on the class doshtsi, the offensive record is to be rushed:

Bіlіє vіtrilo samotne
in the mist of the blue sea.
unfortunately
blush
strumin
rebellious

Let's start rozmovu from the class. Axis її razkovy hіd.
Let's read the proposition on the dosh:

Bіlіє vіtrilo samotne
in the mist of the blue sea.

Now I will replace the dot with a hail sign. What has changed for whom? At the first moment, there was more than enough information about those who sailed in the sea; now we look at the people, how to say. We are passed on yoga shyness - even if the phrase take revenge on oneself, you feel like it’s viguk: "Wow, sailed into the sea!"

Can’t you tell me how the word is the head word of the hailing phrase “Divysya, sailed into the sea!”? (Name vitrilo.) And in our oklichny proposition? (also name vitrilo.) Let's read this proposition in such a way as to convey those feelings, like a hoarse opovіda. A short phrase: "Wonder, sail in the sea" suggests, like, with some kind of intonation, you need to read this long proposition.

Bіlіє vіtrilo samotne
by the fog of the sea we are bright!

Now, in the form of a tablet, that word, written on it, the time has come to turn to the text of the verse itself. You can do it like this.

One of the lists of the young, eighteenth-year-old poet Mikhail Lermontov has such a postscript: “After all, as I wrote on the birches of the sea.” Let's follow the same verse. Rows on our doshtsi - yoga cob.

(The teacher corrects the row writing of the receiver "in" in the capital "B", and the dot - on the sign of the hail with triple blotches.)

Respect: for example, propositions stand a sign of a hail with three specks. The bad picture - a windshield at the open sea - shocked the young man. A sign of the call is that spiritual strife, as if Yogo was stunned. A dot means that not everything is said and a pause is needed, so that with a pause you remember those that are not proven. But it was not brought to light, not the impersonal thoughts that were thrown at the young poet at once.

Chi vdalos Lermontov his feelings and thoughts to convey to the reader, mi virishuvatimemo, having read the verse. Ale, for whom we may well delve into the TV. І pochnemo axis іz tsikh dvoh ryadkіv. Once again, we will read them and try to think of those thoughts that are in them.

Bіlіє vіtrilo samotne
By the fog of the sea we are bright!

Nalashtuemo respect: the sea of ​​blakitne chi fog of blakitny? ( At the fog ... black.)

We read the rows and now at once from the author verse bachimo: by the fog of the sea there was a white wind. It’s all right for you to fight: how far can you see you right there, okay? Can you say about the windshield, because the wine is not far from us, to say: “white in the mists of the sea”?

With a thoughtful reading of these rows, you spit out a sprat, where necessary, in order to paint a picture such as it is portrayed by the poet.

How can you fly a windshield in the fog, how can you be far from us? ( Can't.) Now it is necessary for us to show respect for everything that goes about the fog, to find out what kind of fog it is, which one can have a windshield.

You all, well, fogs rolled in. Tell me, what color is the fog? ( Sirogo.) And what color is the fog at the top? ( Blakytny.)

We say about fogs, for example, like this: "fog over the meadow", "fog on the street", "fog at the lowland" - and we can't say at all: "fog of the meadow", "fog of the street", "fog of the lowland". And what does it say here? "At the fog over the sea"? ( Nі, іnakshe: "by the mist of the sea".) So why blue fog of the sea?..

Why did you notice that all the objects that are far away from us on the great landscape are bluish? Why do you care? ( Let's try again such a color.) Blakitne zabarvlennya especially good posterіgaetsya in clear weather. It's a clear sleepy day and the sea is far away zabarvlyuetsya in a black color. The axis near such a black “mist” of the sea was mi and bachimo, or it would be more correct to say this: on the aphids of the sea gave blakitny mi yogo bachimo.

To show yourself, think: the boundless and unfathomable sea in your element; these high, ominous whistles will not overwhelm us, because on the birch trees the stench will not bother us; and far away in the sea, on unsafe yoga winds, there was a wind of its own.

How could you show your own picture, tell me, what thoughts did that kind of wink you? Chi not zazdriv htos і from you that smilivtsyu, what cheruє tsim vitril? Why didn’t you want to opine on yoga mist under the glass? What yogo courage, yogo risky, not safe for life, zmagannya from the sea do you see irrationality? How can you be, who among you is sorry about those who do not strike the axis of courage so to stand at the sea under the glass?

Lermontov did not need to show the picture of the sea with a vitriol, as if you wanted us to look after you. Let's guess the words from the first sheet: "From ... vіrshi, like I wrote on the birch of the sea." Self-winding in the black sea distance of the wines waking up in reality.

Now it is necessary to explain the actual words. written by Lermontov independent, from endings -oh. (The teacher corrects on the completion of the doshtsi..) Tse not a pardon, so they said before. So I read it.

Unfortunately- Viguk, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, bitterness.

Azure. Tell me, how do I bachimo the sky on a clear, sunny day? (Light blue, black, bright blue.) Otherwise, the sky can be called black. Blakitne sky - tse yake sky? ( Black, light blue.) And now say: blush- what color is it? ( Black, light blue.) Name blush Victory was also in the meaning of "heaven".

Name strumin could winkhoristuvatisya from the meaning of "water". Tell me how to understand viraz: stremin light for blakitna? (The water is bright behind the clear blue sky.)

Rebellious. Prikmetnik turboless do you know? What does it mean? ( Calm, nothing disturbing.) And what does prikmetnik mean rebellious, for example, if we talk about a person "rebellious soul", "rebellious character"? ( Restless, anxious.)

Listen to the whole song ( go read). Chi was worth it to you? How do you think, what about this window glass? Chi didn’t you see something cryptic in the new, secret, such that you want to know, about what you want to keep quiet? Let's go through the skhovanka vіrsha.

Axis of Lermontov to sail near the sea. Ceiling for him is not just a white canvas. Vіn ask for storms, vіn schos shukaє, maє native land. The whole windshield for the poet was spiritualized, the whole thing, endowed with feelings, that it was not possible to have unknown goals. So, like Lermontov talking about the glass, you can talk about the people.

And maybe, it’s true, it’s said about a person here? Adje pliv pіd vitrilo htos. Returning to the food, as if blaming the poet's windshields.

What are you looking for in a distant land?
What about throwing wine at the edge of the native land?

Vin- why who? Vitrilo chi man? Before the window, how do people directly sing their food-think?

If you are reading a boudinka, try to replace the windshield with a human one in your own mind. It doesn’t matter if it’s not important: remember, maybe, what the verse’s word is vitrilo permanently replaced by a borrower wine? Find out the city at the top. ( "Sho shukaє vіn", "sho throwing vin", "vіn happiness don't shukає", "vіn ... ask for a storm", "under him", "above him".)

What are you looking for in a distant land?

Lermontov asks for such food, watching the glass. Do you know what you have to say about the supply? Tell me, is there a wind in the sea? ( I want a storm, I want a storm, ask for it.) So what are you looking for in a distant land? (Buri.) Read the row, which is to be forgiven.

And vin, rebellious, ask for a storm ...

Guess what it means rebellious in the phrases "rebellious soul", "rebellious character"? (Calm, anxious).

How do you think, how can you be viklikana dream about a storm? - To test oneself at the heights of the sky, to reveal one’s own vigor in a mortally unsafe situation, to exercising to the feats of that unacceptable calm, idleness. Such is the life position of a person with a restless, rebellious soul, one who overcomes the storm.

Read the next row.

Nache in storms is calm!

Yaka z tsikh zhittєvih installations you more up to like? Which of them would you like to follow in your life? How do you care what position Lermontov is trying to reach?

Thoughts and a little, that Lermontov's swaying glass windows hooted, boules hіba scho spіvperezhivannâ spiritual camp rebellious swimmer. Ale tse, tsey camp, was revealed by the poet, vigadano їm, “vigadan”, henceforth verses speak truth and the light of Lermontov himself. Listen to what you wrote about yourself for a century before the creation of Vitrila, if you were sixteen years old.

I need children, I am today
I would like to be immortal...<...>
understand

I can't, what does it mean to understand.
........................................................

Start to boil and see
My mind. Bagzhannya is tight

Ale what? My life seems to be shorter,
I'm still afraid that I won't catch
Chegos!

Let us see the cycle of verses, to which, having prepared for himself, the young one sings, what kind of life path, choosing from that impersonal road, the skin of the young man is reliant on such roads. Listen and think about yoga words.

* I need children...
...to understand
I can't, what does it mean to understand.

* ...I'm leather day
I would like to be immortal...

* I'm still afraid that I won't catch up
Chegos!

It’s arguable that Lermontov writes about windows and himself. Vitrilo in New rebellious, what is it? ( Anxious, restless.) Think, to the rebellious chi without turbot traces of Lermontov, the lyrical hero of such a narration about himself:

* Start to boil and see something
My mind. Bagzhannya is tight
Trouble uninterruptedly around the chest.

Can't you say now, having listened to these words, why did the rebellion shine in the eyes of Lermontov? ( Bo rebel Lermontov himself. Aje sings, talking about windows, conveying his light.)

Porіvnyaєmo more quotations from these verses.

About Lermontov: * I cannot understand what it means to understand.

About the glass: * Vin... ask for a storm.

How can I ask for peace? .. But does Lermontov know that he is so calm?

About Lermontov: * I need children.

About the glass: * Vin... ask for a storm.

Chi not to ask for a storm, schob diyati, that energetic, gurgling, with a new supply of strength, how does the stormy situation mean that? And for Lermontov, who needs a child, not knowing the answer, why the storm is not a bad element?

How can young Lermontov follow these verses? A person with a rebellious soul ("bazhanya and tuga turbulently turbulent", "wine, rebellious"), who doubts their abilities ("My life is all short ... I will not overtake"), we are not satisfied with life ("I do not see happiness" to live”), as if to practice the invincible practice (“I need to work ... I can’t figure out what it means to repent”) to great days (“I want to work for the immortals”).

Let's turn back to the sea. The fearless vitrilo praises the young poet's mind, calls out loudly and thoughtfully. The picture is guarded and the thoughts that they blame, immediately kick at the top. There is a small verse from three stanzas. At the skin stanza there is a picture of the sea with a vitriol, and thoughts inspired by it.

What is the head of the zmіsti vіrsha: pictures of the sea landscape chi think of the poet? (Zvichayno, think about the poet - the stench hangs around the spiritual camp of Lermontov.)

For a respected reader, the paintings that depict nature have their own mystery. Let's reread the first two rows of the skin stanza from the description of the landscape.

Bіlіє vіtrilo samotne
By the fog of the sea we are bright!

Grayut whvili - wind fistula,
I could bend and creak...

Under him a streak of light for blakitna,
Throw a golden sun over him...

How is the sea depicted at the first stanza: let’s growl calm? ( Calm.) And in the other stanza? ( Burkhlivim.) And in the third stanza? ( I feel calm again.)

To go out, while Lermontov was watching the windshield, did the sea of ​​trichi change its camp? Can you be so true? Why, in another stanza of Lermontov, is the sea seething with a storm, with a stormy wind? Let's read the stanza again.

Grayut whvili - wind fistula,
I could bend and creak...
It's a pity - I don't joke about happiness
I can't live happily ever after!

Why can you doubt that the windshield does not joke about happiness? The sea element, which was raging, is depicted in such farbs, that the reader cannot blame the thought about those who sailed (floater) whispered about good for themselves.

Read the third stanza.

Under him a streak of light for blakitna,
Throw a golden sun over him...
And wine, rebellious, ask for a storm,
Nache in storms is calm!

The water shines like a blaze, if the sea is calm, and above the sea it itself blazes with a bright sun. Who is not up to like the sea? (Only people with a rebellious soul, who do not accept calm, pragmatic turbulent activity.)

In the first stanza, the sea is described through the "fog of the sea" - guess what is called fog? (Blakitne farbuvannya sea distance.) On the aphids of Blakitnaya gave the sea, a vitrilo is visible - this is the rank of the yogo misesnakhodzhennya. Tell me, how far is it close to the shore? ( Far.) Adzhe showed that and struck a strong hostility to the poet, who by himself sailed far in the sea, in a distant land.

About the thought of those that we knew. Vіrsh "Vіtrilo" - it's not a painting from nature vitrila, but it's sailing by the sea. It was respectful for Lermontov to convey his thoughts in a tactile way. The skin stanza has a landscape of images in such a way that it helps to express a thought more clearly and convey it more clearly. Reading the verse, we see it, as if in a dream, that experience of the poet looks through it by the power of the human spirit.

On freelancing, contracting, obov'yazkovymi and juridical vazhel vplyu, yaki protect the interests of the right as a designer, as well as a client, in principle, as in any business. Tse goiter'yazuє insults of the parties lashing out on the contract, not allowing them themselves to be left behind by anyone.

In addition, there are reasons for designers to:

• The designer will have a safe way to pay for yoga roboti.
• The designer can do it for the sake of it, as if he knows that the contract was broken.
• The designer's mother was informed about those how to respond to clients, how not to pay.

Speeches, as if they should be safe before the signing of contracts, it’s not hot and it’s necessary to take them seriously.

After you sign the contract, you will need to complete the project and communicate well with the client, as I am guilty of you. Save your reputation and, of course, lose it on a legal level.

Razumіyuchi importance of contracts, you should always explain the deed speeches to your clients before signing the binding and legal contract. It is necessary for you, so that the stench will understand your mind, even the offending parties can do good together.

The axis of the spiel of speeches, as you need to explain to the deputy:

Payment schedule

As a freelancer, you are responsible for ensuring yourself and reconciliation that your work will be paid. Zreshtoy, no one works without cost, is it not so? The axis of why, even earlier, smut, before the signing of the contract, you are responsible to discuss with your customers the nutrition schedule of payments.

Otzhe, you are guilty to discuss this:

• When do you pay?
• How much is the overpayment?
• How will the robot be paid (bank order, electronic money, deposited on a card too)?
• Yakі kroki mayut buti zdіysnenі at razі prostochennya or pay pay?

Achievement of the final result

Obviously, this point is due to inclusions, like one of the quiet speeches, as it is necessary to explain to your client. As a freelancer, you also need to give your client the utmost security. It is your fault to give you credit for the fact that the final result will be buildings in those terms, about which you have built.

Well, I know, if on the right to reach the establishment of the extreme term of the project task, more freelancers will be able to extend the project into parts or the main stages, and the skin stage may have its own extreme term. For example, you are responsible for submitting web design for a restaurant website. As a freelancer, you can divide the entire project into several stages. Let's say we give the client a PSD layout, then the main HTML-side and so on.

Why are these steps important?

• Because the client can support the progress of the project.
• As a designer, you will organize how to build time frames.
• You can specify the payment schedule based on the completion of these stages.

Now, if you ask me, who can establish the terms?

The reasoning here is simple: it does not exclude the right of the client to set the final term for the project. As a designer, you are responsible to explain your fear to the client. I know the same, you are guilty of reinsurance. Give a little extra time to your predicted deadline so that you can get the job done so you can quickly blame the problem. Obviously, the introduction of extreme terms is by no means easy.

Axis sprat pleased:

• Evaluate the project and set realistic terms
• Explain to the client why you can’t fit in the yoga term and ask for a safe option
• play it safe
• Include the most important details in the workflow plan

Axis of a few articles that can help you:

Regular talks and updates

Negotiate and update important for the preservation of healthy lives between a client and a freelancer. At the same time, you are guilty of virishiti, on some days and at some hour you will hold negotiations to bring the project forward.

As a freelancer, you are responsible for explaining to the client, so that a lot of them can behave, like a god, if I want to keep up with the project and modernization. Maybe, some of us stuck with this type of client. Stink constantly grumbling and asking for a little not shohviliny іnformatsiyu іd you іd іnformatsiyu pro khіd raboty, nadjayuchi tsmu izmennі zmeni, yakі add even more vise to what we're already vigilantly.

In order to correct, you are guilty of relaxing and explain to the client that you can’t tell the truth, if you get tempted: for whom a specific hour and truvality of negotiations are needed, so that you don’t splurge on productivity one by one.

• Be direct and to the point
• Update all the information about the work and the viconanization of the zavdannya, first of all, to report on the problems
• Try not to skil if you are talking about real problems
• Listen to the client
• Change your mind, you remembered everything about what you were talking about

For shorter negotiations, you will be assisted for the sake of 3 stats.

Technical characteristics project

Before signing the contract, it is necessary to seriously discuss the project with the client. Pevna river, all your ideas will be stained for free, as you and the client cannot know the point of dotik in your ideas. Damn it, you might end up navit hirshe! Why is it important to talk about the specifics of the project.

• What does the client want?
• What do you want?
• Chi is needed by the client, what site is strange?
• Is it necessary to add some jQuery plugins?

Put the nutritional value and determine, as you pracyuvatimete at once. Moreover, you are responsible for being honest with your client. You need to tell him that you can work, and that, unfortunately, you do not have strength. Explain how easy it is for you to finish what the client wants. Only in this way you can save good money, and get a better understanding.

Changes in design

Let's see such a scenario. You give the project to the deputy at the appointment of the term. After a few days, the client will call you and ask for a change. Now, ask yourself, what is it necessary to call to which client?

Tse nutrition is necessary to verify before signing the contract. You are responsible to explain to your client that you will be able to limit the number of changes for the entire project. As a rule, professional designers make no more than three corrections. Warto understand what important aspect freelancing, it is your fault to save your reputation, navit unrespectfully on the bazhannya to be put up to your client with understanding and soundness. Remember that it is your responsibility to protect yourself and your interests.

Science vinyl for the need for evidence on the nutrition of people. And the greater number of folded images were wound up and across, and the “trochs” were left - touch the nature of dark matter, deal with the problem of quantum gravity, virishity of the task of space-time, understanding that such dark energy (and more energy) However, dosіshayutsya and simple, it would be given b, the appearances, but yakі vchenі not in zmozі explain to the end.

What is so bad?

Nobel laureate Warren Anderson once said:"Nighlibsha and naytsіkavіsha z neviryshenyh problems in the theory of the solid will begin to cry in the nature of the rock." I want it to be in the house of people no sooner than a thousand years, why the reason for this unique mechanical authority, scientific dosі do not understand. From the school lessons we remember, what is the trouble - the motherland, but why is it so? I don’t know exactly how the nature of the transition between rare or hard and sloppy phases and how physical processes lead to the main powers of the rock.

The process of molding the warehouse does not go into explanation for the help of the current tools of solid state physics, rich-particle theory or the theory of solids. How to describe briefly, rarely melted, when cooled step by step, it becomes more and more viscous, until it becomes thick. At that hour, when molding crystalline solid bodies, for example, graphite, atoms, one hour at a time, they create sizable periodic structures. Tarun Chitra, graduate of molecular dynamics, explains the organization of molecules in various speeches on the butt dance:

Ideally, a firmer body is like a full dance, if two partners at once with smaller pairs collapse near their starting position on the dance maidan.

Іdealna rіdina - tse yak evening of acquaintances, if the skin is able to dance with us at the room (this power is called ergodic), at which average pace, with which everyone dances, it is approximately the same.

→ A short film about the magic of the mind

Well, for the sake of analogy, it is similar to a dance, if a group of people subdivide into smaller subgroups and skin spin around their round dance. You can change partners from your own stake, and this dance is going on forever.

It is difficult to behave in such a way that it is still impossible to describe with equally important statistical mechanics. Zocrema, subexponential autocorrelation and cross-correlation function of the slope can be taken away by an inexhaustible number of rebound processes. Up to a certain moment, the “practice” system has been more and more understood and transferred, but if you want to wait for it to do it for a long time, you begin to bachiti, as if the specific features are more briefly described by the theory of ymovirnosti and volatility processes.

Why doesn't the bike fall on the bike?

The design of the bike is simple, And, let's face it, it dawned on me how and why the two-coloured zasib saves the discretionary stamina. It has always been important that two mechanisms play the most important role in maintaining the balance of a bicycle. The first one is automatically driven, otherwise the castor effect: as the bike sways to the side, the front wheel itself turns there, after which the center force turns the wheel at the post position. Another mechanism is related to the gyroscopic moment of the wheels that wrap around.

American engineer Endy Ruina and his colleagues undertook to ask insults and firmness. They designed a bicycle similar to a scooter, in which the front wheel should be supported in front of the point of the crossbar with it of the axis of the front fork, which skews the castor. In addition, the front and rear wheels are tied with two others that are wrapped in return bik and they themselves nullify the gyroscopic effect.

Prote cey bike is not so quick and falls on the bike. As a matter of fact, the driving force is no better than a great bike and demonstrates the same automatic steering. For the results of the experiment, the authors made a visnovok, which hurt the effects - to the castor, and to the gyroscope - to cry important role in saving the balance of a bicycle, what is there, but the insults are not critically important for a new one.

Why don't the bike fall, until the end it's unbelievable. Behind the rest of the allowances of the engineers, the key role of this particular person was determined by the vanity.

How does placebo work?

About placebo, or speeches jubilant powers Ale positively injected into the body, seen for a long time. The placebo effect is based on psychoemotional diya. And the rest of the participants repeatedly argued that placebo, although there may be active speech, can stimulate real physiological reactions, change the frequency of the heart rate and arterial pressure, and induce chemical activity in the brain. Placebo also helps relieve pain, depression, anxiety, and alleviate some of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.

Those, as our psyche can contribute to health, are not clear, and cannot reveal the mechanisms that underlie the physiological reactions to placebo. It is obvious that many different aspects are intertwined in the effect, with which empty faces are not poured into the neck, but the cause of the illness. It has been confirmed that the reaction of the body to lie in the placebo delivery method (When taking tablets or injections). Also, placebo is given less ochіkuvaniy, so that you have a far-reaching therapeutic effect. And what is more clear is the strongest placebo effect. In addition, it seems that yoga can be potent for an active verbal infusion on the patient. Far from everyone succeeds in giving a placebo. Most often, placebo is aimed at extroverts, people with equal anxiety, distrustfulness, and innocence in themselves.

As of late 2013, a study was published demonstrating that placebo effects are associated with increased brain alpha activity. Alpha winds blame a relaxed state, as if it were like a light trance or meditation, - that is in the most calm state. The placebo effect has a significant impact on nervous system people in the region of the spinal cord. For the time being, it is still not possible to describe in detail the mechanism of yoga infusion, so no one has been able to.

What does wow-signal from deep space mean?

On April 15, 1977, fate became one of the most mysterious podiums in the history of space exploration. Dr. Jerry Eiman worked for an hour on the Great Woohoo radio telescope as part of the SETI project, having recorded a strong cosmic cosmic radio signal. Yogo Characteristics (Smuga transmission, sound signal and noise) vydpovidali ochіkuvanim in the signal of the underground march. Emanating the cim, Eiman obv_v vіdpovіdnі symbols on rozdruіvtsі and scribbled on the margins "Wow!". This signature and giving the name of the signal.

The signal came out from the region of the sky near the narrower Striltsa, about 2.5 degrees per day from the dawn group Xi. However, after the old fates of the repetition, nothing of the kind happened.

→ The same sound to the wow signal

Vcheni affirm that it is a signal and mav an earthly journey,
tі іstoti, yаkі yogo vіdpravili, owe lie down to the other side of modern civilization. To send such a hard signal, you need at least a 2.2-gigawatt transmitter, which is richly hard for any of the earthly ones. (For example, the HAARP system in Alaska, one of the most powerful in the world, is capable of transmitting a signal up to 3600 kW).

As one of the hypotheses, which explains the tightness of the signal, it is transmitted that a weak signal is more or less significantly stronger than the wind of the gravitational lens; however, as before, it does not include the possibility of this piece trip. Other successors allow the possibility of wrapping the dzherel viprominuvannya on the beacon station, periodically changing the frequency of the signal, which is one-time. There is also a version that the signal is from the direction of the alien spacecraft that is moving.

In 2012, up to 35 a.m., the signal of the Aresibo observatory sent a reply from 10,000 encoded tweets from a straight forward dzherel. Prote chi xtos їh otrimav, nevіdomo. Until this hour, the wow-signal is left with one of the main riddles for astrophysicists.

How does lifeless matter become alive?

In the scientific world today, the concept of biological evolution prevails, zgіdno z any first life originated by itself from inorganic components as a result of physical and chemical processes. Those, like from inanimate matter, are alive, describe the theory of abiogenesis. However, he has no problems.

Apparently, the main components of living speech are amino acids. Ale ymovіrnіst vypadkovy vyniknennya singing amino acid-nucleotide sequence vіdpovidaє ymovіrnosti that a few thousand letters from the typesetting of the Drukari script will be thrown out of the daha of the gloomy and folded into the main side of the novel Dostoє Abiogenesis in yoga classic look I admit that such a "skidance to the font" was necessary thousands of times - that styles, skils were needed, until that one needed succession. However, for today's pranks, it would take more than an hour to get rich, lower the whole world.

At the same time, in the laboratory minds, trying to create a piece of live cells at the same time was not a small success. The new set of amino acids and nucleotides and the simplest bacterial clitin, like before, spread the prv. Possibly, the first living cells were already awake in silence, which we can watch for infection. There is also a large number of scholars who support the hypothesis that the first living cells could have consumed on our planet the stars of meteorites, comets and other otherworldly objects.

Why do people fall into shulgi and right-handers?

For the rest of the 100 years of your life, you have done good to the problem, why it is more important for people to win with one hand and why the hand itself is most often right. Prote standard empiricnogo testuvannya right-handers chi schulg no, oskolki vcheni residual scho unpromising understanding, yakі mekhanіzmi take part in this process.

Vcheni diverge on the Duma, some kind of people are right-handed, and some are shulgi. In general, it is important that more (from 70% to 95%)- right-handed, minority (from 5% to 30%)- shulgi, the number of people is also unknown symmetry. It has been proven that genes are injected into left-handedness and right-handedness, and the exact “shulgi gene” has not yet been manifested. This is a proof that social and cultural mechanisms can be added to the stubbornness of the right hand of the left hand. The most characteristic example of this, as the readers retrained the children, fluttering from the left hand to the right at the hour of writing. Whomever has more totalitarian supremacy may have less left-handed, lower liberal supremacy.

→ Portrait of Paul Broca

The deyakі doslidniki talk about "pathological" levorukіst, connected with brain injuries for a half hour. In the 1860s, the French surgeon Paul Broca pointed out the mutual connection between the activity of the hands and the brain puffs. According to the yoga theory, the halves of the brain are tied with the halves of the body crosswise. But at once it is clear that these links are not so simple, as Brock described them. Studies carried out in the 1970s showed that more shulgs can have the same left hemisphere activity, which is typical for all people. At the same time, a part of the shulg may be different from the norm.

Vivchayuchi problems of left-handedness and right-handedness of primates, vcheni established that most creatures in the same population are either left-handed or right-handed. With this okrem, mavpi often develop their own individual likeness.

As a result, we still have little more than a wild statement about the causes of right-handedness, and the successors still have a chance to work out in detail in the usual mechanisms of their molding.

Why do we sleep?

We sleep 36% of our lives, but the rest of us cannot explain its nature until the end. People have a dream of power, the shards are embedded in our genes, but why such a camp is the culprit of the process of evolution is a mystery. Cream of warm-blooded creatures (savtsіv ta ptahіv), who from living sources of these forms does not have a dream, and why sleep is affected - dosi unreasonably.

Vcheni have already announced that at the hour of sleep the m'yazi will grow more, the wounds will start to cry more quickly, as well as protein synthesis. In other words, sleep helps the body to remember those who have spent a good hour of sleeplessness. Recently, studies have shown that at one hour of sleep our brain is cleansed of toxins, and that people respect this process (in other words - do not sleep), a new one may have a mental breakdown. In addition, at the beginning of the hour, the brain will loosen up, or the connections between the clitins will break up, so we have a place for the receipt of new information. New synapses are generated in the brain, which is not enough to threaten a decrease in the rate of swelling, to process and generate information.

Under the hour of sleep, the brain often "programs" deaky episodes, as if they were eating with us during the day, and, according to the thought of the dosledniks, this process helps to improve our memory. If the dreams come true, they signify real defeats, our remembrance, moreover, the dream resonates with our remembrance in the period of non-sleeping. Alas, our light seems to be richly imaginative and emotional. We have a lot of different pictures, we are worried about the bad weather, but we can’t comprehend with a proper rank. Vcheni vvazhayut, scho synchronizuyuchi mekhanizmi, scho panic in the sleepy brain, the greater world connected with the first signal system and the emotional sphere. But what if it’s a dream, it’s definitely not possible yet.

Why do the guts purr?

No one knows for sure why the guts are murmuring. Purring sounds like rich other sounds that seem like creatures, Tim, that vocalization sounds like a stretch of the last dichal cycle (І in breath, and in sight). If it was important that the sound vibrated like a flame to the blood flow, that it should pass through the lower empty vein, but now more scientists are good, that the larynx, the laryngeal mucus and the neuronal oscillator take part in the process of taking away the sound.

Cossacks start murkotity, like only a couple of days they grow up. Veterinarians admit, what їхнє murkotinnya means in terms of human words “mom”, “I'm fine” or “I'm here”. Tsі sounds to spriyat zmіtsnennya zv'yazkіv mizh koshenyam that yogo matіr'yu.

→ Kitty murkotinnya

But if the mowing is growing, it will also continue to be murky, and there are a lot of old reconciliations, the sound of a grown-up vіtsі tsey has a sound of rejoicing from satisfaction and joy. In some cases, the intestines purr with otrimanni injuries or with ailments. Likar Elizabeth von Muggenthaler admits that murmuring and low-frequency colivannia, as if it vibrates, is “a natural mechanism of self-exaltation” and zmіtsnyuyut, start to hurt and relieve pain.

The voice features of domestic cats are not unique. Others see families of felines, such as rice, cheetahs and pumi, also slightly murky. Hocha deyaki great intestines (lions, leopards, jaguars, tigers, snow leopards and wild leopards) do not hesitate.