Marc Chagall. Short biography. Biography mark krokuval Chagall avant-garde

If we ask you to name one painting by Marc Chagall, then we guarantee that you will name the painting “Above the Mist”. And why did you bachili, how much of the artist’s paintings are waking up in early work? Did you know whom you blamed on all your female images, and if you began to worry about the unsafe life of the Jews? KYKY is cooperating with the brand Bulbash, which is launching a new calendar, dedications to the Belarusian image-making art, having recited ten robs of Chagall, so that the memory is quiet, kim varto write. Well, it was a good idea to co-op at the worldly conversation in the company of naturalists.

"Stara with a ball", 1906 rіk

In 1906, when this painting was painted, Marc Chagall learned the art of image-making at the art school of the Vitebsk painter Yudel Pen, and then moved to St. Petersburg.

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In his book “My Life”, Chagall described this period as follows: “Having hoarded twenty of these karbovantsiv - one penny for all life, as if my father had given me art education, - I, a ruddy and curly-haired young man, go to St. Petersburg at once with a friend . Virishen! Tears of that pride choked me, if I picked up pennies from the logs - the father spurred their steel. Calling and picking. On the batkіvskі rozpituvannya I, zaїkayuchis, vіdpovіvіd that I want to join the school of mysticism... Yaku minu vіn skroїv i scho saying, I don't know for sure. Nayvirnishe, having humbly washed, sweat, like a fire, rozigrіv samovar, having poured tea for yourself and already together, with a full mouth, saying: “Well, go, you want it. But remember: I don’t have any more pennies. You know yourself. All that I can scrape together. I will not hang anything. You can not razrakhovuvati.

At St. Petersburg, Chagall was engaged in the Painting School of the Association for the Study of Mythology, as if he had enchanted Mykola Roerich. Before the school with such a lower name, before the speech, yoga was accepted without sleep for the third year. And "The Old Woman with a Ball" - a painting by Chagall, is already characteristic of the described period of the artist's life. Pure expressionism, in which the image is overwhelmed.

"Model", 1910 rіk

If Chagall wrote "Model", he is already alive in Paris. In this period of my life, I got to know myself with new directions of artistic art: cubism, fauvism and expressionism. I, to the point of speech, only in France began to call themselves Mark, and not Moses, as was the custom of the people.

The picture depicts a girl, like painting a picture. Regardless of those that the artist is dressed in Parisian fashion, on the wall one can see a kilim with a characteristic word-Janian ornament - a kind of danina of the fatherland. Let's go to the z'yasuvannya, whose wine is an artist, we won't, but we won't, but we won't, that Wikipedia is honored by "Russian and French artists of the Jewish trip, who were born in the Vitebsk province."

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I want the woman on the canvas to be calm, the color scheme of the picture is disturbing. Evidently, the red bells were associated with Chagall because of the anxiety: the childhood of Vitebsk had a small mitten, becoming a reminder of the future. Todіy the future creator has hardly vryatuvavsya. It seems that in the picture Chagall has instilled all his restlessness and anxiety, connected with moving from St. Petersburg to Paris.

"Skripal", 1912-1913 rocky

In the Jewish way of life, the violinist is always respectful: no people, no funeral, no fun could not do without a musician. So the violin became a symbol of us human life. In this picture, it may be all the time for rock: in the foreground - autumn is yellow, ready to move into spring. The background is winter.

The first violin is also formed from various regions, which signifies its belonging to the singing people. Zagalom, the whole picture is overlaid with color, which conveys the energy of the artist. Do you know why the violin plays on the dahu? Chagall himself was right-handed and left-handed, having said that it was not an artistic trick: there was no other guy, if he had drunk compote, climbing on the dachas, so that no one could be disturbed in a moment. Zalishaєtsya to the artist's word.

"Blakitnі kohantsі", 1914 rіk

Vіdoma series of Marc Chagall - "Blakitnі kochantsі", "Rozhevі kohantsі", "Sіrі kokhantsі", "Green kokhantsі" - was dedicated to yoga lady - daughter of the successful jeweler Bella Rosenfeld. Many pictures were written in the period of their dream, wanting after the death of Belli Chagall, having continued to inscribe її mayzhe in all their women's images. No wonder - Rosenfeld checked Chagall chotiri rocky, docks wines near Paris. Why did Chagall turn to Vitebsk to take Bella to France.

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The picture "Blakitnі kohantsі" is clearly phantasmagoric. Expanse that objects are created, nibi uvі snі. The blue artist is the temple of the Mother of God, the Kingdom of Heaven. The very color of Chagall was victorious, in order to convey the apparent suffocation, happiness that tenderness.

"Gate of the Jewish Tsvintar", 1916 rec

The light of the picture is spiritual and straight to the sky, it is ruined and chaotic at once. Surprise: here are images of monumental old gates, made for new merchants. The look of one who marvels, walking along the moonlit road to the graves, like standing at the very center of the canvas.

Abstract color surfaces, contrasts, dynamics of the moonlight and the night sky give the picture, like the legacy of Chagall's robots, the drawings of the sacral painting. It is truly the most important thing to understand that already in 1916 Chagall's fate was foreshadowing a global tragedy.

"Above the mist", 1914-1918 r_k

Well, you know the whole picture. Zvichayno, zdagatisya, what is depicted here by the artist that yoga squad Bella, awkwardly. And the stench flying over Vitebsk - that's the same mind.

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Chagall would not show people the swedishness of the hour, and those who are stained glassy. The artist does not detail the objects of the picture, only the light of the dream. There are no laws of physics, no logic, only expanding souls in your romantic world. Chagall, before the speech, the little ones glimmering, not only died down - for the new watering, they did not become a marvelous hour spent by people, and in a moment they resembled different emotions of spiritual states.

And we kindly ask you to commemorate the lion-hander under the parkan of a man who is doing the right thing - the axis of it, rozuminnya Krokivskoy romance. The light is inconsistent, but the irony is to judge from the love lyric. Everything, like in life.

"Progulyanka", 1918 рік

I know a man and a woman. Krіm them, scho tremayutsya by the hand, at this moment in the world there is nothing important. These two are really real people – Mark himself and Bell's yogo team. Win to stand on the ground. Vaughn is in heaven. And at the same time, trembling by the hands, join the earthly light with the light of dreams.

Two paintings - "Above the Mist" and "Progulyanka" - as they are most often associated with the work of Chagall, can be seen until the period between 1914 and 1918. It is possible to point out the obvious portrait likeness of figures from Chagall and Rosenfeld himself, the poeticization of landscapes in Vitebsk. And yet "Progulyanka" became part of a triptych. At the same series, the paintings “Under the Portrait” and “Above the Mist” were consumed. At Bell's "Hanging Portrait" sit on the shoulders of a man and get ready for a haircut, and at the painting "Above the Mist" the stench is already spreading in the sky in two. "Wandering" was interpreted as flowing into reality, as though it was a revolution. And Chagall himself wrote: “An artist needs to be dressed in pelyushkas” - perhaps, languishing in the air, that the world is not guilty of the creators of the peaceful watering of fantasy.

"Bile rozp'yattya", 1938 r_k

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The work of Chagall, who has been given a bachelor by an artist of his current world. Guess the Jewish color of Chagall of twenty years ago and compare how tragic the painting looks. To give respect to the white promise - win over the picture to the beast to the bottom. The scholars are aware that this detail is special to God himself, but not exactly. The Jewish attribute, having hindered the image of God, and tse promin, which hangs Christ, becomes a specialization of the one that death is low. Vіn zmushuє us to accept Christ fell asleep, and did not die.

In the picture, you can draw a green figure from a bear on the shoulders. This figure is present on many of Chagall's robots and is interpreted as if it were a Jewish mantra or a prophet of Ill. Also, in the middle of the composition of images, there is a chauvin - an association with hope for the order of the Nazis.

The picture was painted before the war - at that river, if the Nazis ruled over a whole series of killings of the Jewish people. The background of this picture is just and shows the scenes of the dashing, pogrom and replay. "Bile rozp'yattya" - tse clearly rehearing the forthcoming Holocaust. Before speech, I love the painting of Pope Francis.

Spring Fire, 1945

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Like and maybe all the pictures, on some images of a woman, the whole canvas is dedicated to the first squad of the artist - Bella. Chagall got to know her in 1909 at Vitebsk, through a sprinkling of fates of Parisian poneviryans, they wrote about them, having made friends, having lived with her for three dozen years, right up to her death in 1944. Bella became the head woman of Chagall's life and that head muse. After the death of the squad, Chagall did not write anything for nine months, and then, after joining the others, he began writing for her. Two more friends - the daughter of the great consul of Great Britain to the United States Virginia Munkill-Haggard, who flowed into Mark with his son, that Valentina Brodska - the daughter of a Kiev manufacturer, who lived from Chagall 33 years and became a wonderful manager for him. Vaughn totally nailed this connection with Virginia, the synom that richness was known to many, then Chagall had a lot of practice during this period and became commercially successful.

"Nich", 1953 рік

Moving the artist, under his life changed the straightening of his painting. Chagall's light-gazer, dynamic and opulent, sometimes forcefully gives insight into the plots of his paintings. The picture was painted after the return to Paris after the emigration to the USA. For r_k to tsgogo vin already zestriv svyasnitsa London salon kapelyuhіv Valentin Brodsk and clearly began to change his look at the world and the amount of life.

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Mystical "Nich", as a sign of mysticism, reflecting religious themes, it conveys nostalgia for Vitebsk. So this tvir shows Chagall's wives to women, but the plot of ignorance without marriage colors. Chervoniy pіven - ochіkuvannya artist shvidkih change and anxiety. Pіven pov'yazany іz religious glances of Chagall. Trivaє theme of people who fly. The woman looks real. Polit symbolizes freedom. And nothing on aphids is more than naked on її: absolute freedom is more expensive in dreams.

Before the speech, after the praise of Valentini Chagall, he began to paint sketches for church stained glass windows. Also, you will be at the French Cathedral of St. Stephen in Metz, the German Church of St. Martin and St. Stephen in Main, in the English Cathedral of the Ussa Saints near Toudla, the UN at New York - do not forget to ask about it there.

Why company Bulbash® to the robots of young authors, like they suffocated with the creations of cult Belarusian artists, created an original calendar. Works in a new dedication to 12 famous masters of Belarus: Peter Blum, Marc Chagall, Yel Lisitsky, Yazep Drozdovich, Napoleon Ord and others. The idea is revealed in the limited series of the Bulbash® product itself, especially the Art Edition, and in the Bulbash® calendar for 2018.

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Marc Chagall: "So my picture shone with joy..."

Mysticist Irina Yazikova reveals why the work of an avant-garde artist is a biblical message

The famous avant-garde artist is called "their own" by three countries - Russia, France and Israel. Marc Chagall - a Jew for his travels - was born the same Russian Vitebsk and built his muse there smut kohannya. Having learned from Petersburg and Paris, from the post-revolutionary Russia, preparing sketches of scenery for performances and designing the Jewish Chamber Theater. Ale celebrity celebrity Marc Chagall, having become in France, where he emigrated from his family in 1922.

The middle robot of Chagall is no less than a picture. The artist illustrated "Dead Souls" by Gogol, "Tales" by La Fontaine, a collection of acknowledgment "A Thousand and One Nights" and the French Bible. The Chagall Museum in Nice is called “Biblical Messenger”.

And also Marc Chagall was the master of monumental art: he created mosaics, stained glass windows, sculptures, ceramics. I have decorated impersonal Catholic, Lutheran churches and synagogues in Europe, USA and Israel.

Until the 130th anniversary of the birth of the artist, mysticist Irina Yazikova explains why the work of Marc Chagall cannot be accepted without a religious context and talk about smut robots with a biblical plot.

Irina Yazikova

From my early youth I was enchanted by the Bible. I have been given for a long time, and it is given at once, that this book is the greatest treasure of poetry of all hours. From a long time ago, I joke about її imagining in life and mysticism. The Bible is similar to nature, and I try to convey the mystery.

- Marc Chagall, catalog before submission to the Museum "The Bible Messenger" near Nice

Even a lot of mysticists look at Marc Chagall as one of the modernist artists of the 20th century. Somebody is a promoter of naive art, somebody is a pure modernist. Ale Chagall is a special sight in the XX century.

Just as Malevich was developing various ideas, issuing a bunch of manifestos, Kandinsky was developing his philosophy and imagining it in the article “About the Spirituality of Art”, then Chagall did not have such a task. I didn’t declare anything, I just turned around at creativity, choked up in front of God’s light. I think it's wrong to take Marc Chagall's robotic pose in a religious context.

As a child, I realized that all of us have such a disturbing strength. Why did my characters opine in the sky earlier for the astronauts.

- Marc Chagall, “Everything is in my paintings », Literary newspaper, 1985

Progulyanka, 1917-18

Canvas, oliya
169.6 × 163.4 cm
Sovereign Russian Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia

For the new one, everything was a diva: life, kohannya, beauty - everything was a vivacious diva. Divom Vіn Ledve never died, not yet born: if the essences began to sprout in the mother, the vinicla was burning at the booth, and the parentage was brought out of the house on the lizhku. Having taken this vipadok of wines in the picture and saying that the fire of the cross was gone through. And that, perhaps, approved Chagall in the Duma, which is the fault of the people for something great. The artist is aware that God has consecrated yoga to depict the beauty of the world.

I don’t remember who, better for everything, my mother told me that when I was born, I had a road for a little hut, for a pit on the outskirts of Vitebsk, I burned it. The fire has engulfed all the places, including the Jewish quarter. Mother, that silence at her feet, at once from her bed, was transferred to a safe place, to the next end of the place.

Ale smut, I was born dead. I don't want to live. Such a sobі, uyavіt, bіdіy breast, scho does not want to live. Nacha marveling at the paintings of Chagall. Yogo was stabbed with hairpins, zanuryuvali at the wind with water. I nareshti vin weakly yavknuv.

Narodzhennya, 1910 r_k

Canvas, oliya
65 × 89.5 cm
Art Museum, Zurich, Switzerland

Who has coils of religion by Marc Chagall

Marc Chagall was born in Vitebsk, at the Jewish church and the other believer, everyone knew the Bible and commandments well, went to the synagogue, prayed, lit candles on Saturday and held a meal. Chagall learned Jewish language early and began to read the Bible. The Bible became a book, as if accompanying every life. Chagall's religiousness was, one might say, in the blood.

You would know, how I am a million people, standing in the synagogue in order from the house. Skilki me, bіdolashny, had a chance to get lost, first of all, I could get there! And here I am, with my face until the end, with a prayer book in my hands, and I can admire the view of the place on Saturday. The blueness of the prayerful rumble was thicker. At home, they peacefully expanded in space. І skin is passable, like on the valley.

The liturgy begins and the child is asked to read a prayer before the vіvtar. To pray, to sing, to create a folded melody from repetitions. And in my heart I can’t spin around like an oil jet. Abo nibi rose through the veins of fresh stylnikovy honey. To describe the evening prayer, I don’t have to scribble words. I thought that all the saints get together this day in the synagogue.

Saturday, 1910 r_k

Canvas, oliya
90 x 95 cm
Wallraf Richard Museum, Cologne,
Nіmechchina.

Faith at the Jewish mind, the Old Testament is a common medium for Marc Chagall. Prophets from this picture often look the same, like people of a frail age from a native place. Vіn vіdchuvav їх їх їх їх іїх інхінхі relаchіv: yogo іstorіya, yogo rіd. Before that, the Jews knew their ancestry well up to the eighth or eighth, and even the tenth generation. If the father had made an opir decision of the synagogue, he learned painting, Chagall created an argument that his ancestor in the 18th century had painted the synagogue.

One fine day (and there are no others in the world), if my mother was planting bread on a long shovel in a rough, I pissed, hitting my elbow with flour and saying:

Mom... I want to be an artist. I won't be a clerk or an accountant. Finish everything! No wonder I spent the whole hour watching: it might be especially special. Dishes itself, why am I like this, how else? What am I good for?

What? An artist? You are healthy. Let me go, don't bother me, put bread. …

And yet it's over. We went to Pena.

I and the village, 1911

Canvas, oliya
191 × 150.5 cm
Museum of Modern Art, New York, USA

Mati and brought the son to the Jewish artist Yugudi Pena, who in his own time was trained by Illi Repin. Chagall took up the classic painting, but squinted the old one and began to write like a soul. For this sensi vіn buv is absolutely free: for Chagall, the image is the most common, and vin vimagav yogo variety.

Plates and dahi, cut that parkani, and everything that screamed in the distance, behind them, hooted me. Lantsyuzhok budinkіv і booths, vіkna, gates, smoke, clogged factory, church, sloping pagorb (zanedbany tsvintar). Everything is like on the valley, like marveling from the mountain vikna, perched on the bottom. I hovered my head over the name and breathed in a fresh black wind. Birds flew past.

Over Vitebsk,
1915 rik

39 x 31 cm
Artistic
Philadelphia Museum,
USA

Chim Marc Chagall looks like modern avant-garde artists

What is avant-garde? Mysticism, scho go ahead, rob those that did not exist before. From where I can see Chagall, of course, is an avant-garde artist. I create leather avant-garde vlasny world that style. World of Chagall - tse world of kohannya, beautiful diva. І tsmu subordering і style, і style of the artist. Tse and vіdrіznyає yоgo wіth rich artists of the 20th century, yаkі arguе often depicted tragedies, the negative side of the world, not beauty, but indulgence. If you want Chagall to speak negatively and tragically, but still the main motive is love and freedom, joy and beauty.

I don't particularly care that theory is such a boon for science. Impresionizm, cubism - I am one stranger.
In my opinion, the art - tse us before the camp of the soul.
And the soul is holy with all of us, who walk on a sinful earth.
The soul is free, has its own mind, its own logic.
There is only a little falseness there, but the soul itself, spontaneously, reaches that level, which is usually called literature, irrationalism.

I may not old realism, not symbolic romanticism, which brought little new, not mythology, not phantasmagoria, but what, Lord, what?

Orders and the Eiffel Tower, 1913 r_k

Canvas, oliya
77 x 70 cm
National Museum of Marc Chagall, Nice, France

Before that, most of the avant-garde artists were non-clerical people, they were anti-clerical, they were deacons, they were true, they were intoxicated by religious art (Goncharova, Petrov-Vodkin, navit Malevich), but they understood. And with Chagall, religion and avant-garde will unite.

Mabut, having fallen into decay in Hasidic Judaism. And the Hasidim attach great respect to emotions, which is more joy, more repentance before God. Their prayer is manifested in words, and in speech, and in dance. This was also passed on to Chagall and was introduced into the character of his painting.

Bulo is holy: Sukkot chi Simkhas-Torah. Dida joke, vin sign. De, ta de vin?

They appear, climbing on the daks, sifting on a pipe and grizzling carrots, enjoying the hot weather. Weird little one.

Let someone who wants to get out of the hoards and relieved to know from the innocent primhas of my relatives the key to my paintings. Even though my art did not play an equal role in the life of my relatives, then my life and those things, on the other hand, strongly stuck in my art.

Holy Kushchiv(Sukkot), 1916 rіk

Canvas, gouache
33 x 41 cm
Rosengart Gallery, Lucerne, Switzerland.

What are the features of the image-creating movie of Marc Chagall

Nasampered, Chagall has a special, spherical perspective. Vіn bachit light from the height of the bird's chi angel's flight, bazhaє touch the light as a whole. And so it is connected with the yogo sprynyatty of life, the bajans rise above the butt, above the unquiet world. Vіn vvazhav, that a person was created by a free, building literature for love, and love itself lifts a person above the world. Wanting on the cob of the XX century, all the singing world dreamed of litati, add space and an hour.

Artist, where to fit? What to say people?

So they honored me in the house of my chosen one, and in the evenings that lady would drag me into the storehouse warm homemade pies, oiled fish, boiled milk, pieces of fabric for drapery and winding boards that served me as a palette.

Tilki vіdkriti vіkno - i out here, and behind it blakit, kohannya, kvіti.

From the quiet of old, long ago and until this day out, dressed in white or in black, widening in my paintings, touching my path at the art. I won’t finish any paintings, I won’t finish any engravings, I won’t feel the docks “so” or “ne”.

Above the place
1918 rik

Canvas, oliya
56 x 45 cm
Derzhavna
Tretyakovskaya
gallery.

Like a lot of artists, Chagall was suffocated by the revolution, and in the first century he was appointed commissar of art at Vitebsk. The artist mav rozmalovuvati vulitsі and robiti cry. Ale unstoppably erupted a grandiose scandal: the deputy of the red ensigns of the bіshovitsk authorities sang on the posters of cows, angels and zakokhanih that fly over the earth.

The commissars were, it seems, not so satisfied. Why, pray tell, is the cow green, and the stone fly through the sky? What do they have in common with Marx and Lenin?

Chagall did not instantly understand the reasons for dissatisfaction, but for the will! And politics is the essence of freedom. Until then, just win bov zakokhany - the artist loved his young squad Bella. Camp, if a person can create, love, fly to heaven - the rosy Chagall had absolute freedom. The artist's revolutionary career has ended for some reason.

National Day, 1915 r_k

Oliya, cardboard
80.5×99.5 cm
Museum of Modern Art, New York, USA.

Nitrohi I don’t greet, as if after a short time after my coming out, it’s a place to despise us, we follow him in a new foundation and start to forget about the artist, who, having thrown his hands and farby, having tormented, fought, to bring the Mystery here, to recreate the simple life of the museum , and the simplest people - from the creators.

Ale, Chagall's way continued and, inspired by his kohanny, he practiced casually and wrote everything to open his eyes and soul. Chagall will remake the world. From one side, in this world, everything is simple, close, in the house: at home, people, cows ... To that, Chagall’s mova is given a naive, simple, childish babble, but behind this simplicity and naїvnistyu, a wondrous philosophical depth emerges. Sometimes you know that the little one is wrong, the compositions are swindling, but still respectfully admire, Chagall even more clearly vibudovuє picture, moreover - often create a composition like a musical TV, polyphony. At the new sounding farbi, imagine what to forget.

Here, at the Louvre, in front of the canvases of Manet, Millet and others, I understand why I couldn’t fit into Russian art.

Why my svvtchizniks have lost my language.
Why didn't they believe me? Why did the artists call me. Why, in Russia, I am the fifth wheel of a cart.
Why is everything that I shy, the Russian one thinks wonderful, and I dare to think up everything that stinks stink. Why then?

I can't say more about it.
I already love Russia.

Artist over Vitebsk, 1977-78

Canvas, oliya
65×92 cm
Private collection

How to understand the paintings of Marc Chagall

The light of yoga in the pictures is varied, you can often make nonsense speeches. Mova Chagall is a trifle fantasy, you definitely cannot call him a realist. Ale about reality Chagall knows more, lower be-someone, wins and calls us to look deeper into it. So, for example, a cow is drawn in human form, and in the middle of it is a calf. new life. Chagall succumb to the inside, prihovane. Vіn bachit a sensual world, you know that God created yoga with love and I want people to live with love. All yoga robots are choked with the beauty of creation.

I crawled through the streets, whispering and praying: “Lord, Ty, who hovers in the dark, or behind the hutch, make it so that my soul appears, the poor soul of a haunting lad. Show me my way. I don't want to be like others, I want to make the world my own way.

And the place burst like a violin string, and people, having left the ancient place, began to walk above the ground. My acquaintances sat on the cover.

The Farbies chuckle, transform into wine, and it will kick on my canvases.

Artist: for a month, 1917

Gouache and watercolor, papier
32×30 cm
Private collection

Chagall's paintings can be seen more clearly and gloomily, the skin detail means something. At first glance, the stench seems to be even simpler, but you begin to sort out and bachish for the great speeches of the day. At this hour, there is no such bagatosharovoy in anyone. І tse ide itself from the yogo biblical look at the world.

Dark. The stele is raptly opened, the make-up, the light - and the strimka of creatine, the lightness vrivvaetsya in the room in the clubs of gloom.
Take a tremtinnya krill.

Yangol! I think. I can’t squash my eyes - it’s bright light gushed to the beast. The frilled guest flew around the mustache, rising again and flying at the crack in the stele, bringing with it a glint and blue.

I call dark. I'm flipping.
The whole scene is depicted in my painting “Phenomena”.

Yavische, 1918 river

Private collection

Biblical stories in the works of Marc Chagall:
smut robots

Praying Jew (Rabin Vitebska), 1914

Canvas, oliya
104×84 cm
Museum of Modern Art, Venice, Italy

This picture was painted by Vitebsk. Jews put on a cape (talit) for prayer, tie phylacteries - boxes with the texts of the Holy Letter, and sit, walk around, pray. And so you can pray for years. Croc was bewitched. And in this picture of wines, it doesn’t just show the beauty of black and white, even if it’s garnetted. But here is an important and internal camp: God and people, life and death, black and white. I walked forever and far for those who are small, I want to show the depth of life for the whole hour.

My uncle I have had a dozen or three more. Mustache - reference Jews. Some with a chest and an empty head, some with a black beard, some with chestnut. Picture, that year.

On Saturday, uncle Neh put on a filthy tales and read the corner of Scripture. Vingrav on the violin. Grave yak move. Did love thoughtfully listening to Yogo.

One Rembrandt is instantly confused, thinking about what this old man - a butcher, a merchant, a cantor - hearing, like a blue play on a violin in front of a window, splatter with wood breezes and traces of fat fingers.

Vulichny skripal, 1912-13

Canvas, oliya
188×158 cm
Moscow Museum, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Skripal na daha - tse vіdomy vіdomy jewish image. First of all, plant a symbol of something important, to the one that the skripals were asked for at the most cleansing moments: the fun of the funeral. Just as we call to ring, so the violinist will go out to the countryside and tell everyone about the joy of turmoil. It is like an angel, driving heaven and earth: at Chagall, one foot is on the ground, and the other is on the ground. In this picture, there is a church, a synagogue, a yak and a bulo in rich places. Chagall virіs on tsomu i order іz єvreyskoy culture priyyav і christian.

There are churches, parking lots, shops, synagogues, simple and eternal life, a yak on the frescoes of Giotto. My bag is a happier place! Child, unwisely marveling at you from our doorstep. And you all vodkrivavsya me. As soon as I put my parkan on, I got up for a meeting. Yakscho th so not seen, climbing on the daks. What? There and did climbing. I marveled at you stіlki, skolki hotіv.

Samotnіst, 1933 рік

Canvas, oliya
102×169 cm
Tel Aviv Art Museum, Israel

Tsya picture is already 30s. What are we doing here? The Seated Prophet with the Torah is a simple Jew. And right there a cow with absolutely human appearances and a violin in order, and above them a yangol fly. Axis scho tsya picture? Vaughn about people before God. A Jew to sit and ponder over his boots.

And everything is spiritualized. The image of a calf is visible at the calf - a symbol of sacrifice: there was a creature without vice. A person, an angel, a creature, heaven and earth, Torah and a violin - ce and є all-world, and people touch її sense and rozmіrkovuє over її shares. I would like to guess the words of the Psalm: What are you people, what do you remember, and the son of people, what do you see yoga? (Ps. 8:5).

"The Bible Message" by Marc Chagall
a series of illustrations to the Bible

In the 1930s, the French book-seeker Ambroise Vollard preached to Marc Chagall to work illustrations to the Bible. The artist, obviously, chomps on the idea, and takes it seriously: having hurried to the incantations, breaking in the road of Palestine, to see the country, reading so richly about the yak of the vines, and yet there is no time to be happy.

With a stretch of ten years I create a series of engravings "The Bible Messenger". On the back, this cycle was black and white. In 1956, the Bible with Chagall's illustrations turned out to be like an okrema book, 105 engravings had gone before it. Since then, you should become familiar with color lithography, and from that moment on, you will continue to illustrate biblical stories already in color. Illustrations by Marc Chagall are not similar to the Bible. No one could illustrate the Bible like that. All these illustrations made up the exposition of the Marc Chagall Museum in Nice, which was created in 1973 and took the name “Biblical Message”.

Illustrations for the chart:

Abraham and three angels

Vіdomy bіblіynyy story about vіdvіvannya forefather Abraham three messengers of God or God Himself. Abraham is an image of the faces that stand before us, and the angels are only behind us. Chagall remembering the covenant that God cannot be pictured, he will not be shown the appearance of angels. It's true, the best robots have the image of God. This sensi vin was an inexhaustible free person, he had no nourishment: but can you tinker like that? As the soul vimahaє, so it is small.

Abraham mourns Sarah

From one side, Chagall is not a realist, from the other - he so deeply depicts words of speech, as if he were a realistic artist. Vin so depicts the sorrow of Abraham, who mourns the death of Sarri, that you can not help but feel.

Jacob wrestling with an angel

The freedom of the artist, that originality of his mind, is hostile for an hour. For whom the little angel, with whom Yakiv enters into single combat, is clearly not slender, but the unearthly stature is not easy. Here, two Jewish puppets are fighting, and it has not yet been figured out who will overcome. Sacred podії Chagall shows through the names for the new realities of the Jewish life. Ale tsі, it would have been given, such pobutovі details do not apply the high spiritual pathos of these works.

Josip and Potifar's squad

The Bible story from the life of Josip is illustrated in the traditions of folk naive painting. Such a naked beauty with round breasts, who lies on a bed, and a poor young man, who doesn’t know how to trick her. Chagall is not afraid to depict the sacred undertones with irony. For the new Holy Letter - the cow is not sacred, to which one cannot go. This text, over which we can think, which gives a projection on our life and helps us to understand ourselves.

Mariam and the women dance after the Exodus

The dance of Mariam and the Israeli squads of merry passion. Without a doubt, such a woman Chagall bachiv and in himself in a small place. Vіn closely sticking with the Hasidic culture, and the Hasidim are more musical, that yoga prayer manifests itself, zokrema, and at the dance.

The artist of the Belarusian-Jewish journey for life, having become a legend and forever made famous his native place Vitebsk, like, near his house, showing his mutual love and eternal memory. A museum complex has been created in Chagall's fatherland: an art center, exhibited graphic works of a writer, and a house-museum, who has copies of archival documents and works that tell about the history of all of Mark's homeland. And in honor of the 130th anniversary of the 19th National Day, Vitebsk hosted mass performances, exhibitions and illustrative performances of the work of the Belarusian artist. You can see that memorial place of the creator.

Life and biography

Born Marc Chagall (right named after Movsha Khatskelevich) on June 6, 1887, the fate of the future family. Vіn buv eldest child of the six children of the Jewish fathers, as if they were one cousin brother and sister. The relatives didn’t help and didn’t understand the yogic craving for creativity, they didn’t become a child in the middle of nowhere.

Having obtained the traditional Jewish enlightenment at home, then graduating from the Vitebsk school, the young painter Yudel Pena enters school, having looked at the talent of the boy, he propagates you a costless occupation. Ale, after a few months, Chagall understood that I didn’t know the path and continued the journey to St. Petersburg. Without yoga, they are admitted to the third year before school. I don't care about those initial mortgage gave absolute freedom to creativity, employment did not bring satisfaction to Mark. Two years later, he entered the private school of Elizaveta Zvantseva, who became the master of easel painting Lev Bakst. This very period lays the foundation for the creative path of the great artist.

Chagall was already loving his native place and often came there to work on the paintings and to feel inspired. Itself here, at Vitebsk, the muse of that muse is the lover of all your life - the future squad of Bella Rosenfeld, with such a stench they played fun and became fathers of the beautiful daughter of Idi.

In 1911 Maxim Vinaver, deputy I State Duma, Buying two paintings by Marc Chagall and giving him a unique opportunity to continue his studies in Paris, undertaking to pay a thousand dollars for help. Having tried in France until the beginning of the first light war, the artist turns to Vitebsk, de founding an art school and continuing to work on canvases. In 1920, Chagall went to Russia and took over as an artist's designer at the Moscow Jewish Chamber Theatre. Ale, after 2 rocks, we will reach Lithuania, then we will reach Nimechchyn, and in the middle of 1923, it will be enough to get over to Paris. In 1937, the fate of the French woman will take away the enormity.

On the occasion of the Second World War, the protesters from the family were forced to move to the USA, opposing Nazism. And 1944 became fatal for the artist: Bella fell in love with yogo through sepsis. For a long time now, I've been terribly worried about this loss, and now Ida's daughter Ida is the main person in life.

In 1947, the Chagall turns to France and after 5 years becomes friends with Valentina Brodskaya. Ale, until the very death, the only inspiration, that muse, for the new one, the first squad was left, which he didn’t take wine. Right up to rest of the day Chagall richly pratsyuvav his life, having risen in price with exhibitions of light and honors of the most important city of France - the Great Cross of the Honored Legion.

On February 28, 1985, the talented artist died on the 98th anniversary of his life and was buried at the French meeting.

Creativity of Marc Chagall: create that picture

The richness of the nature of the Belarusian artist to rob yoga is foldable for classification in a strict order. Having got to know some of the works of Marc Chagall, we could easily confuse yoga with others. To the writer, there is a non-traditional and sometimes expressive author's style, which was formed under the influence of cubism, orphism and fauvism for that hour. The richness of the canvas reflects the yogo religious look and the unique light-gazer.

The main motives in the work of Marc Chagall are:

jewish self-identity;

“Yakby, I’m not a Jewish, as I’m going to think, I’m not an artist, I’m not an artist.”

prihilnіst to a dear place;

“Long ago, my beloved place, I didn’t care for you, I didn’t feel, I didn’t speak out of your gloom and I didn’t lean on your fence.”

love to the first squad;

I am sensible: this is my team. Eyes shine on a pale face. Great, swollen, black! Tse my eyes, my soul.

Pictures of the Belarusian genius are expanded in all museums of the world. Newer selections in the catalog of yoga canvases are not available, but to bring early fruits of creativity to recognition without price. Best create at home Marc Chagall:

"Dedication to Apoliner" (1912).

The painting was painted in 1912 in Paris and is considered one of the most mysterious robots of the master.

"Bella with a great comrade" (1917).

The artist consecrated an indefinite number of canvases of the squad. This picture is the largest led by a robot, Bella and two small posts are depicted (it is said that Mark himself is from his daughter Ida).

"Walking" (1918).

A romantic masterpiece, creations in the camp of happiness that joy after fun with Kohana Bella Rosenfeld.

"Bile Rose" (1938).

The picture tells about the heavy suffering of Christ and the Jewish people. Vaughn recognized the most critical criticism from the side of the public. In the same hour of love, the Pope of the Roman Francisco tver.

"Top on a red horse" (1966).

This canvas in all farbs describes one of the artist's favorite passions - the circus.

Talanovita is a person of talanovita in everything: Chagall, with a long life, choked on poetry and published poems, all those memoirs in Yiddish. His autobiography “My Life” gained universal popularity.

Lighting:

1898 - 1995 - Vitebsk chotiriklasne school No. 1;
1906 ─ art school of Yudel Pen, m. Vitebsk;
1907 - 1909 p. - Malyuvalna school of the Association for the study of art, m. St. Petersburg;
1909 - 1911 - art school N. Zvantsevoi, m. St. Petersburg;
1911 - 1914 – independent learning from France, m. Paris.

The first squad of the artist, Bella Rosenfeld, has already slammed into the entire creative path of the artist. The theme of love in yoga paintings is inextricably linked with the image of the beautiful Belli, a splash of swollen black eyes. And the drawings of rich women, as depicted on the canvases of Chagall, already tell yoga's muse.
Marc Chagall was born on the day when Vitebsk became very hot. Possibly, the raging half-moon has been deprived of the favorite sight of the Belarusian artist for the rest of his life.
The international festival of arts "Slovyansky Bazaar near Vitebsk" based on the logo of the famous krokalovsky voloshka. Now this brand of its own is no less than a native place of an artist, but of the Republic of Belarus.
Marc Chagall's life sensation was a yoga robot. Vіn buv rіdkіsnym guest at exhibitions, spending all their time at the workshop.
Defying the rules of globalization, at the Louvre, a robotic work of a healthy author was exhibited.

24 chernya (6 limes) 1887 (Vitebsk) - 28 birch 1985 (France, Primorsky Alps, Saint-Paul-de-Vence)

Artist, painter, graphic artist, theater artist, illustrator, master of monumental and applied art

One of the leaders of the world avant-garde of the 20th century, who, at the same time, on his own path, organically combined the old traditions of Jewish culture with state-of-the-art innovation.

Chagall was born to this clerk, being the eldest child of nine children. Having obtained the traditional religious enlightenment at home (an old Jewish language, reading Tori and the Talmud), we learned a sprat of fate from the cheder (pochatkovіy Jewish school), and then from the primary school. The artist's talent was evident even in his early youth. Near the center artistic world Chagall, a bunch of autobiographical and lyrical-spovidal, - family, houses, loves Vitebsk. Whose light is enlightened by the spirit of the national religious tradition, in the light of inseparability, I will try that buttya, to rob the image of a home that is close to the house and of the whole light-budget and mutually replaceable.

In 1906, Chagall studied at the Vitebsk Art School I. M. Pena, a little short, and in 1907 went to St. Petersburg, to the school of the Association for the Study of Mystics (1907-1908), then he studied at the private studio of S. M. Seidenberg (1908) and Є. N. Zvantseva, de yoga mentors are M. V. Dobuzhinsky and L. S. Bakst.

Chagall began his artistic biography with the painting "Sky (Death)" (1908, at the same time the work is being collected at the National Museum of Modern Art in Paris). In 1909, he wrote “Portrait of my betrothed in black mittens” (Kunstmuseum, Basel, Switzerland), “Family (Holy Family)” (National Museum of Modern Art, Paris). All these paintings are created under the influence of classical tradition and symbolism, but the artist’s creativity is already independent and develops in the mainstream of neo-primitive style. With his first robots, Chagall first exhibited at the exhibition of the school at the time of the publication of the Apollo magazine in the spring of 1910.

Virishivshi, that his apprenticeship was over, in 1910, the artist went to Paris, where he settled in the artistic colony "Vulyk". In the first Parisian period, it is close to the poets and writers G. Apollinaire, B. Cendrars, M. Jacob, A. Salmon and others. Begin to create on kshtalt "supranaturalism" ("surnaturalism" - such a term is alive and well in the art of Chagall Apollinaire). Expressionist and surrealist, for the respect of contemporary artists, the artist to rob like a "dreamer" essence of his creations, connected with the deep "human world".

Ignorantly in the seething parish of life, Chagall invariably calls himself a "Russian artist", blatantly speaking of his ancestral spirit with the Russian tradition. Innovative approaches to cubism and orphism - geometrized deformation and faceting of obsyagiv, rhythmic organization, intelligent color - in Chagall directing to the creation of a stressed emotional atmosphere. Pobut on yoga canvases is hung with eternally living myths, which inspire the circle of buttya - people, fun, death.

In 1912, Chagall first exhibited at the Autumn Salon; send your creations to the Moscow exhibitions "World of Art", "Donkey's Tail", "Target". The central robots of the first Parisian period were such paintings as “I am that my village” (1911. Museum of Contemporary Art, New York), “Russia, Donkeys and Others” (1911–1912. National Museum of Contemporary Art, Paris), “Self-Portrait with your fingers” (1912. Amsterdam, Netherlands), “Golgotha” (1912. Museum of Modern Art, New York), “Motherhood. Vagіtna zhіnka”, “Paris іz vіkna” (offended – 1913), and others. In these paintings, the artist appears to himself as a dreamer, who erases all the boundaries between the visible and visible, the inner and outer. The sounds are a gaudy expression of color and form, a fantastic metamorphosis of the subject world.

The same paintings “Sniffling Tyutyunu” (1912. Private collection, Nimechchina) and “Jew, what to pray” (1912-1913. National Museum, Rusalim, Israel) show Chagall in the artistic leader of Jewish culture, which was reborn.

First of all, at Chernivtsi 1914 in Berlin, one of the first personal exhibitions was shown, which included all the works in Paris, paintings and little ones. The stench knew a great encouragement from the young German artists, who gave a direct impetus to the expressive movement in the German region after the war.

In 1914, the fate of Chagall turns to Vitebsk, de yogo and the First World War stops. Here, in 1914–1915, the artist created a series of “documents” from seventy and so works, dedicated not only to war, but also writing on the basis of natural rages (portraits, landscapes, genre scenes): “Looking out of the window. Vitebsk”, “Perukarnya”, “Budinok near the small town of Liozne”. The stench reaches the synthesis of daily poetic devices and the exact image of action.

In 1915, Chagall became friends with Bella Rosenfeld, and in the course of his work, the theme of biased kohanny came to the fore: “Above the Mist” (1914–1918, Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow), “A Portrait Under a Bottle of Wine” (1917), “National Day "(1915-1923) and paintings of the cycle" Kochantsi "Blakitnі kokhanci" (1914), "Green kokhanci" (1914-1915), "Rozhevі kokhanci" (1916). In pre-revolutionary Vitebsk, the artist created epic monumental typical portraits (“Newspaper Seller”, “Green Jew”, “Jew, What to Pray”, “Chervoniy Jew”); genre, portrait, landscape compositions: “Mirror” (1915, Russian Museum), “Portrait of Belli in the White Como” (1917, National Museum of Modern Art, Paris) and others. individuals - "Vikno in the garden" (block 1917), "Inter'єr z kvіtami" (1918), and sometimes they grow up to space-hour symbols of a cosmic scale ("Godinnik", 1914).

After the revolution, Chagall became the commissar of the arts of the provincial department of national enlightenment near Vitebsk, and she made a place for the revolutionary saints. Ale postіyni іdeynі superechki іz mіstsevim kerіvnitstvom zmushuyut yogo move to Moscow. Here you try yourself like a theatrical artist, every day he makes a painting in a colony near Moscow without a home. In 1920-1922, he worked on the first significant work to a monumental art: he wrote a number of great wall panels for the Jewish Chamber Theater, and in 1921 he had a personal exhibition, and in 1922 - a bedroom with N. I. Altman and D.P. Shterenberg.

Were in 1922 to Berlin, in 1923 Chagall was grounded in France. Since that hour, I’ve been living in Paris, or on the fringes of the country, as if I’d left the rock on the cob with an ear of war, 1941–1947 the artist spent in New York. Naїzhdzhaє in different countries Europe and the Mediterranean more than once visit Israel.

With a year of picnics, Chagall's manner becomes daedalier and lighter. No less than the main characters, but the elements of the image make the hills glow, setting the compositions of colorful views.

In 1930–1931, Chagall's relationship with the seer A. Vollard began to develop. On the occasion, the artist brings illustrations to the Bible (over 105), which shows the main theme of his creative work - the Bible. In 1955, work began on the so-called "Chagall's Bible" - a majestic cycle of pictorial canvases, small paintings, sketches, which reveal the light of the ancestors of the Jewish people in a completely emotional and bright, naively-wise form. At the same time, Vollard Chagall wins in the technique of a black-and-white little island of a variety of illustrations up to " Dead souls» N. V. Gogol and “Tales” by J. de La Fontaine.

In 1933, in Basel (Switzerland), a grand exhibition of Chagall's robot was held, as a way to consolidate its popularity in Europe. At what fate in Mannheim, at the order of Goebbels, create a master publicly scorched. Chasing the Jews in the Fascist Germany, in front of the approaching catastrophe, farbuyut Chagall's canvases of the frontiers in the apocalyptic tone: one of the topics of yoga mysticism is growing: "Bile Rose" (1938. Chicago Institute of Lights) artist "1908), "Martyr" (1940), "Zhovtiy Christ" (1941).

In 1942, Chagall created costumes and scenery for the ballet Aleko to the music of P. I. Tchaikovsky, staged by Leonid Myasin, and three years later, in 1945, I create costumes, sketches and decorations for ballet I. F. Stravinsky "The Firebird".

A typical work of the New York period of Chagall's creativity - the period of the Other World War - is the painting "Feathers and Quiet" (1943). In 1944, the artist’s team was dying - and from this hour a nostalgic image often appeared in Chagall’s work: “Navkolo neї” (1945), “Spring candles” (1945), “Nocturne” (1947).

In 1952, for the sixty-twentieth century artist, who had greatly experienced Belli's loss, a new youth began. Shlyub іz Valentina (Vava) Brodsky and happy family life could not help but give supplies to the creation of new creations, which are more expensive than the Mediterranean Seas. Chagall proceeded to see the great cycles of color lithographs, easel and book robots - from them great popularity in 1960–1962 was achieved by illustrations to Long's bookish novel Daphnis and Chloe.

In the rest of his life, Chagall practiced more and more in monumental forms of art, taking up mosaics, ceramics, trellises, and sculpture. On the cob of the 1960s, I created mosaics and a tapestry for the purpose of raising the parliament in Jerusalem. During the 1960s-1970s, he made numerous stained-glass windows for old Catholic churches, Lutheran churches, synagogues, community life Europe, America, Israel. Tse and ceramic panels, and stained-glass chapels in Assy (Savoy), and stained-glass windows of the cathedral in Metz, and in the synagogue of the medical faculty of the Jewish University near Jerusalem, and in the Fraumunster church near Zurich, and in the cathedrals of Reims, Mainz (St. others. Create together with worldly decorative compositions Chagall - painting the plafond of the Paris Opera (1964) and the Metropolitan Opera Theater near New York (1965), the mosaic "Chotiri Poroku" at the National Bank in Chicago (1972) - radically change the style of modern monumental art. we barve lyricism.

1973 Chagall sees Moscow and Leningrad at the link with the exhibition of his works Tretyakov gallery. At the fateful fate in Nice, near the booth conceived by Chagall, the museum of the artist's robot "The Bible Message" was opened. The Order of France gave this original little “temple” the status of a national museum.

In 1977, the artist’s roci are rewarded the greatest city France - the Great Cross of the Legion of Honor. In Zhovtnі 1977 - sіchnі 1978 at the Louvre, at the entrance to the rules, scho to protect living artists, an exhibition of the anniversary of Chagall's 90th anniversary is held.

A detailed biography of Marc Chagall, written by yogi Meret Meyer, can be found.

Chagall is one of the few artists who shaped the whole era in art. It’s important to name a person, even though I didn’t want to know about this great person with a nameless vein and unique bachelors of his own place in painting. Until this hour, Chagall is a unique phenomenon, if only he wanted to get close to the equal that no one else has come close to.

The future leader of avant-gardism was born on the outskirts of Vitebsk, which was one of the small towns of the Russian province, in 1887. This was the hour of the mass persecution of foreigners and the worst Jewish pogroms, which called for the mass emigration of the Jewish population to other lands, with more loyal positions to representatives of the Jewish religion. Ale for little Movshe tse Bulo in front. Vіn otrimav otrimіynu traditional for Jewish children osvіtu, vyvchivshi Torah, the Talmud and having mastered the ancient Jewish mova. After the completion of several classes of the Chagall school, he studied art at Vitebsk at the school of Yudel Pen.

Realizing that one's talent can't be blamed on the periphery, the artist believes he will move to St. Petersburg, the center of artistic thought. The father is reluctant to let go, seeing even a meager sum and being inspired to financially help his sons. At Mr. Chagall, he learns from the school of Roerich, and then from Bakst. At this hour, Mark gets to know Bella Rosenfeld, as until the end of her life, she is filled with the muse of that kohan woman, whose person is known literally from the skin image created by the master.

In 1911, the troubles of the artist's life began, and at the hour of some time it was steadily thrown from one place and the country to another. Having changed his Jewish name Movshe Khatskelevich in a larger European way for the sounds of Mark Zakharovich, he studied for a scholarship, turning in 1914 to his home in Vitebsk and having already spent the First Holy War on the cob. In the coming fate, they make friends with Bella, and through the river they have a daughter, Ida. Over the years, she has become a biographer and a successor to the work of her father. After the end of the revolution, Chagall became a commissar at the right of the arts in the Vitebsk province and opened the art school in power.

In 1920, a number of wines began to work on the design of theatrical exhibitions, and in 1922 they moved to Lithuania for a grand exhibition at once with their homeland. Todi and rozpochinaetsya more expensive than Chagall on Zahid. Vin moved to , and then to , de in 1937, having removed the bulk. Prote in 1941 sіm'ї be brought into line with fascism, which is being promoted in the USA, de in 1944 roci die Bella. Vaughn was not the last woman in the life of an artist, but until the moment of her death she was deprived of her love and eternal muse.

Since the 1960s, Marc Chagall has become great forms and monumental art. The sphere of yoga interests included paintings, including steles, trellises and stained-glass windows. Over the course of the year, the master created a number of impersonal meaningful speeches, including painting the ceiling of the Opera Garnier in France, a panel for the Metropolitan Opera, and mosaics for the National Bank of the United States.

Mark Zakharovich Chagall lived a great life and left a significant mark on the art of the avant-garde. Vin died at 98 years of life, until the end of his life, remembering his journey and adding to his own creation motives from the life of native Vitebsk.